TABLE CONTENTS

Records of Bursaphelenchus species in Pines in Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
Gu, J. (1), X. Chen (1), W. Zhen (1), H. Braasch (2) & W. Burgermeister (3)
(1) Ningbo Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, 9 Mayuan Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China; (2)
Kantstrasse 5, D-14471 Potsdam, GermanY; (3) Julius Kuehn Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated
Plants, Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Messeweg 11, D-38104 Braunschweig, Germany.
The continuous spreading of the pine wood nematode by wooden packaging and the serious
damage caused by it to pine forests in several countries, forced the worldwide establishment
of quarantine measures for wooden packaging. In China, almost all imported wooden
packages have been inspected and sampled in recent years, and around 20 Bursaphelenchus
species (including seven new species) were detected from wooden packaging imported
through Ningbo port. However, packaging wood is a circulating product, and the presence of
a Bursaphelenchus species in packaging wood is not always dependent on the origin of the
consignment accompanied by the wood. Therefore, the investigation of the real distribution
of Bursaphelenchus species, in this case in Ningbo, China, will contribute to a better
understanding of the findings in imported packaging wood and Bursaphelenchus study.
From 2005-2007, 214 pine wood samples from different counties of Ningbo region in
Zhejiang, China were sampled. They were nematologically studied in lab with morphological
and molecular methods. Eleven Bursaphelenchus species were found: B. xylophilus, B. lini,
B. ranulfi, B. mucronatus (East Asia Type), B. hunanensis, B. sinensis, B. thailandae, B.
hylobianum, B. leoni, B. yongensis, B.chengi. Among them, B. xylophlus, B. lini, B. rainulfi,
B. mucronatus, B. hunanensis, B. sinensis and B. thailandae were widely spread. A new
discovered species , B. yongensis was found in samples from Beilun and Yuyao county.
In this investigation, we observed the phenomenon of B. xylophilus and B. mucronatus living
in the same tree (found in four samples). We also observed B. hunanensis (female) eating B.
mucronatus (juvenile)and B. rainulfi (male).
Numerous Bursaphelenchus species detected in packaging wood are obviously not occurring
in Ningbo, whereas the presence of others both in packaging wood and Ningbo region
indicates their possible origin in China. Most Bursaphelenchus species are known to live only
fungivorously. The mode of life of newly dicovered species should be studied. However, the
presence of any Bursaphelenchus species in packaging wood indicates that proper quarantine
treatment according to international rules was not carried out. Since up to now the percentage
of living nematodes detected from treated packing wood is still high, it is important to carry
out the packing wood quarantine measurements.
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