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August 2009 - Advaita Ashrama

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Species, 1997—demonstrates that we have used sq<br />

literally to grow our human brains. sq has ‘wired’<br />

us to become the people we are and gives us the<br />

potential for further ‘rewiring’—for growth and<br />

transformation, for further evolution of our human<br />

potential (13). We use sq to be creative, to solve our<br />

existential problems—problems that make us feel<br />

personally stuck, trapped by our own past habits or<br />

neuroses or illness or grief—to become more spiritually<br />

intelligent about religion, to transcend the<br />

gap between self and other. Spiritual intelligence is<br />

‘our compass at the edge’.<br />

After all these discussions it is natural to ask:<br />

‘Can we improve our spiritual intelligence?’ Zohar<br />

advocates seven practical steps to improve our SQ:<br />

Step 1: Becoming aware of one’s own position<br />

Step 2: Feeling strongly the need of inner change<br />

Step 3: Reflecting on one’s own centre and deepest<br />

motivations<br />

Step 4: Discovering and dissolving obstacles<br />

Step 5: Exploring many possibilities to go<br />

forward<br />

Step 6: Committing to a path<br />

Step 7: Remaining aware that there are many<br />

paths (263–5)<br />

The three basic varieties of intelligence work<br />

together, supporting each other. Our brains are<br />

designed to allow this. Each of these intelligence<br />

types has its own area of strength and can function<br />

independently. Therefore, we need not necessarily<br />

be high or low in all the three simultaneously. But<br />

since spiritual intelligence operates from the brain’s<br />

unifying neurological functions, it has the capacity<br />

to integrate all our intelligence mechanisms.<br />

The concept of human intelligence can no more<br />

be restricted to the age-old iq. Constantly changing<br />

notions about intelligence necessitate a shift<br />

of paradigm. This involves replacing an old way of<br />

thinking with a radically different one. The false<br />

notion of equating intelligence with iq is undergoing<br />

a change to include eq and sq, thus completing<br />

the all-inclusive picture of human intelligence.<br />

This is a major paradigm shift in the field of human<br />

intelligence.<br />

P<br />

PB August 2009<br />

Varieties of Intelligence 31<br />

References<br />

1. Gottfredson, ‘Mainstream Science on Intelligence’,<br />

Wall Street Journal, 13 December 1994.<br />

2. Howard Gardner, Multiple Intelligences (New York:<br />

Basic, 1993), 7.<br />

3. accessed 5 June<br />

2009.<br />

4. Danah Zohar and Ian Marshall, Spiritual Intelligence,<br />

The Ultimate Intelligence (Bloomsbury,<br />

2000), 4.<br />

5. accessed 5 June 2009.<br />

6. <br />

accessed 5 June 2009.<br />

7. S P Adinarayan, The Human Mind (London:<br />

Hutchinson’s University Library, 1950), 129–30.<br />

8. accessed 5 June 2009.<br />

9. Spiritual Intelligence, 50.<br />

10. accessed 5 June 2009.<br />

11. Stephen Jay Gould, The Mismeasure of Man (New<br />

York: Norton, 1996) 24–5.<br />

12. Daniel Goleman, Emotional Intelligence: Why It<br />

Can Matter More than IQ (New York: Bantam,<br />

1996), 46–7.<br />

13. accessed 5 June 2009.<br />

14. accessed 5 June 2009.<br />

15. accessed 5 June 2009.<br />

16. D E Rumelhart and J L McClelland, Parallel Distributed<br />

Processing, (Cambridge: MIT, 1986).<br />

17. Spiritual Intelligence, 55.<br />

18. Daniel Goleman, ‘What Makes a Leader’, Harvard<br />

Business Review (November/December 1998), 2.<br />

19. Emotional Intelligence, 48–9.<br />

20. Gerald James Larson, ‘Emotional Intelligence:<br />

Its Concept and Prospects’, Bulletin of the Ramakrishna<br />

Mission Institute of Culture, 55/11 (November<br />

2004), 521.<br />

21. Yvonne Stys and Shelley L Brown, A Review of the<br />

Emotional Intelligence Literature and Implications<br />

for Corrections, Correctional Service of Canada,<br />

Research Branch.<br />

22. Spiritual Intelligence, 8.<br />

23. V S Ramachandran and Sandra Blakeslee, Phantoms<br />

in the Brain (New York: Quill, 1999), 188.<br />

24. Spiritual Intelligence, 11–12.<br />

471

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