Status of Coral Reefs of the World 2000

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Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 2000 Contacts: Bernard Salvat (bsalvat@univ-perp.fr) and Genevieve Verbrugge (genevieve.verbrugge@environnement.gouv.fr) of the ICRI Global Secretariat www.environnement.gouv.fr/icri ICRIN - INTERNATIONAL CORAL REEF INFORMATION NETWORK This is a global public awareness initiative coordinated by the Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL) to educate about why and how to protect coral reefs; ICRIN will serve as a worldwide communication hub for those working on coral reef education and conservation. ICRIN is designed to: draw public attention to vital coral reef issues and promote coral reef conservation, research and monitoring; strengthen partnerships among coral reef groups and provide information and tools to support their work; and reach the mainstream media in order to create and maintain a common concern among the general public for the health of coral reefs. ICRIN is a component of the ICRI and the International Coral Reef Action Network (ICRAN), delivering information to the public, key government decision-makers, businesses, coral reef conservation groups, potential funders, and the media. ICRIN has coral reef information reference centre, available to the public and accessible via the Internet, with coral reef public awareness materials (brochures, pamphlets, videos, posters and books) from non-governmental organisations (NGOs), aquariums, schools, scientists, community groups and businesses around the world. ICRIN also distributes copyright-free photographs, videos and other images for use in coral reef public awareness programmes. ICRIN is a network for coral reef outreach coordinators, linking groups working on similar projects and channelling the latest coral reef information to the media and general public using press releases, the Internet, public service announcements, advertisements and videos. E-mail: Coralmail@aol.com; Web site: www.coral.org/ IOC-UNESCO The Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) in Paris has promoted marine scientific investigations and related ocean services for more than 30 years, with a view to learning more about ocean resources, their nature and sustainability. IOC, with United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Conservation Union (IUCN) and the World Meteorological Organisation formed the Global Task Team on Coral Reefs in 1991 to select methods and develop plans to monitor the world’s coral reefs. This Task Team was the immediate precursor to the Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network (GCRMN), and after the ICRI Dumaguete meeting in 1995, the IOC, UNEP and IUCN were invited to co-sponsor the GCRMN, with the World Bank joining as a co-sponsor in 1998. The GCRMN is coordinated and administered through the IOC and is a part of the Global Ocean Observing System, to which it contributes data on coral reef health and resources. Tel: +33 1 45 68 41 89; fax: +33 1 45 68 58 12; Web site: http://ioc.unesco.org 354
Sponsoring Organisations, Coral Reef Programmes and Monitoring Networks IUCN-THE WORLD CONSERVATION UNION Founded in 1948, IUCN brings together States, government agencies and a diverse range of non-governmental organisations in a unique world partnership: over 900 members in all spread across nearly 140 countries. As a Union, IUCN seeks to influence, encourage and assist societies throughout the world to conserve the integrity and diversity of nature and to ensure that any use of natural resources is equitable and ecologically sustainable. Through its network of regional and country offices, expert Commissions and member organisations, and Marine Program, IUCN supports a variety of coral reef conservation and management efforts that promote: protection of critical habitats and threatened species; design of management plans with stakeholder participation; development of ecological and socioeconomic assessment methodologies; enhanced capacity building for sustainable management; and support of effective governance structures. IUCN is an original partner of the International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI) and a founding co-sponsor of the Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network (GCRMN). Tel: +1 202 387 4826; Fax: +1 202 387 4823 E-mail: oceans@iucn.org; Web site: www.iucn.org REEF CHECK Reef Check was designed to meet the need for a simple, rapid monitoring protocol that could be used to measure the health of coral reefs globally. Since 1997, over 1000 reefs in more than 50 countries have been surveyed with results documenting the global extent of overfishing, and the bleaching and mortality event of 1998. There are 3 principal goals: education, monitoring and management. The education is achieved by training government staff, volunteers and NGOs in coral reef monitoring. These people are encouraged to monitor reefs they visit each year to provide data for the annual global report and to assist management. In addition, Reef Check organises publicity events such as press conferences, beach clean-ups and group dive-ins to focus attention on the plight of coral reefs. Reef Check methods are designed to be carried out by teams of experienced recreational divers, snorkelers, or even village fishermen, lead by a scientists to produce statistically comparable results. Training requires only 1 day or less and surveys are conducted over 1 day as data are based on counting key indicator species, rather than measuring organisms. Contact: Gregor Hodgson, Reef Check Foundation, Institute of the Environment, 1652 Hershey Hall, Box 149607 University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095-1496 USA; www.ReefCheck.org; rcheck@ucla.edu REEFS AT RISK IN SOUTHEAST ASIA The World Resources Institute, in collaboration with regional partners, is currently analysing and consolidating data on threats to coral reefs in Southeast Asia, as a more detailed regional project following the global Reefs at Risk analysis completed in 1998. Reefs at Risk in Southeast Asia (RRSEA), aims to compensate for the lack of detailed information on the status of coral reefs, and has four primary goals: • Improve the base of information available for examining the threats, status, value, and protection of coral reefs within Southeast Asia, through collecting, revising and integrating information; 355
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Status of Coral Reefs of the World:
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FOREWORD Over the past few years, I
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CONTENTS COUNTRIES, STATES AND TERR
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COUNTRIES, STATES AND TERRITORIES A
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Countries, States and Territories T
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CLIVE WILKINSON T
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Executive Summary CORAL BLEACHING I
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Executive Summary South Asia Most r
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Executive Summary parts of Fiji and
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Executive Summary management and mo
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Executive Summary tourism developme
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Executive Summary problem is loomin
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6. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN SOUTH A
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Status of Coral Reefs in South Asia
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8. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS OF EAST AN
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Status of Coral Reefs of East and N
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9. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS OF AUSTRAL
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Status of Coral Reefs of Australasi
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10. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE SO
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Southw
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11. STATUS OF SOUTHEAST AND CENTRAL
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Status of Southeast and Central Pac
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12. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS OF AMERIC
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Status of Coral Reefs of American S
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15. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE NO
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Northe
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