Status of Coral Reefs of the World 2000

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Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 2000 New Caledonia, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu and Vanuatu. Contacts: Robin South (south_r@usp.ac.fj), Posa Skelton (skelton_p@student.usp.ac.fj), Ed Lovell for Reef Check (lovell@suva.is.com.fj); • Southeast and Central Pacific, the ‘Polynesia Mana Node’ for the Cook Islands, French Polynesia, Kiribati, Niue, Tokelau, Tonga and Wallis and Futuna coordinated in French Polynesia from the CRIOBE-EPHE Research Station on Moorea. Contact: Bernard Salvat (bsalvat@uni-perp.fr); • Northwest Pacific and Micronesia, the ‘MAREPAC Node’ for American Samoa, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), Guam (an unincorporated Territory) and the Republic of Belau (Palau). Contact Robert Richmond, Marine Laboratory, University of Guam (richmond@uog9.uog.edu); • Hawaiian Islands – for US islands in the Pacific. Contact: Dave Gulko Hawaii Department of Land & Natural Resources (david_a_gulko@exec.state.hi.us); • US Caribbean – for US territories and states of Florida, Flower Garden Banks, Navassa, Puerto Rico, and US Virgin Islands. Contact Donna Turgeon, NOAA (donna.turgeon@noaa.gov) or (http.//coralreef.gov/); • North Central America, Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System for Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras. Contact: Philip Kramer, University of Miami (pkramer@rsmas.miami.edu), Ernesto Arias-Gonzalez, CINVESTAV-University in Mexico (earias@mda.cinvestav.mx), and Marea Hatziolos of the World Bank in Washington DC (Mhatziolos@worldbank.org); • Eastern Caribbean, for the islands of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS), Trinidad and Tobago, and Barbados, and including the French and Dutch Caribbean Islands. It is coordinated by CANARI, with support from UNEP- CAR/RCU (Caribbean Regional Coordinating Unit) from St Lucia. Contact: Allan Smith (smitha@candw.lc); • Southern Tropical America Node for Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela and Brazil via the ‘Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras’ (INVEMAR) with support from UNEP-CAR/RCU. Contact: Jaime Garzón-Ferreira (jgarzon@invemar.org.co) and Alberto Rodríguez-Ramírez (betorod@invemar.org.co). Contact: Clive Wilkinson Global Coordinator at the Australian Institute of Marine Science, in Townsville (c.wilkinson@aims.gov.au); or Jamie Oliver at ICLARM in Penang Malaysia (j.oliver@cgiar.org); or home pages: www.environnement.gouv.fr/icri and www.coral.noaa.gov/gcrmn. 352
Sponsoring Organisations, Coral Reef Programmes and Monitoring Networks ICLARM - THE WORLD FISH CENTER ICLARM is committed to contributing to food security and poverty eradication in developing countries. ICLARM efforts focus on benefiting poor people, and conserving aquatic resources and the environment. The organisation aims for poverty eradication; a healthier, better nourished human family; reduced pressure on fragile natural resources; and people-centered policies for sustainable development. ICLARM is an autonomous, nongovernmental, nonprofit organisation, established as an international centre in 1977, with headquarters in the Philippines. ICLARM headquarters relocated to Penang, Malaysia, in early 2000. The new headquarters will be a focal point for international efforts to tackle the major aquatic challenges affecting the developing world and to demonstrate solutions to resources managers worldwide. Contact: PO Box 500 GPO, 10670 Penang, Malaysia Tel: (604) 641 4623; Fax: (604) 643 4463; Web site: www.cgiar.org/iclarm/ ICRI - INTERNATIONAL CORAL REEF INITIATIVE ICRI was launched in 1994 as a response to the UNCED Rio Earth Summit in 1992 and the concerns of Small Island Developing States expressed at a meeting in Barbados in 1993 about the declining status of coral reef resources. ICRI was built as a partnership of 8 founding countries under the initiative of the US State Department (Australia, France, Jamaica, Japan, Philippines, Sweden, UK and USA) along with CORAL, IOC-UNESCO, IUCN, UNDP, UNEP, the World Bank, with the objectives of mobilising global support for coral reef actions, often using diplomatic and international flora. The USA chaired the first ICRI Secretariat in 1995-96, followed by Australia in 1997-98, and France in 1999-2000. It is anticipated that the Secretariat will pass to the Philippines assisted by Sweden for 2001- 02. ICRI held an international workshop in the Philippines in May 1995 with participation of over 40 countries, NGOs, researchers and private sector to develop A Call to Action and a Framework for Action. The major themes were: Integrated Coastal Management; Capacity Building; Research and Monitoring; and Reviewing Progress. The GCRMN was initiated at that meeting to meet the 3 rd theme. Eight Regional ICRI workshops followed to assemble the concerns and priorities for action from over 100 countries. These action priorities were revised and consolidated in 1998 at the International Tropical Marine Ecosystems Management Symposium (ITMEMS) in Townsville Australia to produce a Renewed Call to Action. ICRI represents coral reef partners on international fora, such as: the UNEP and IOC governing councils, Conventions on Sustainable Development, Biological Diversity, Framework Convention on Climate Change; Global Meetings of Regional Seas Conventions and Action Plans, Global Plan of Action to Protect the Marine Environment from Land-based Activities, Global Conference on Sustainable Development in Small Island Developing States, CITES. The GCRMN was the first operational unit of ICRI, and two more are being formed: ICRIN – the Information Network; and ICRAN – the Action Network. ICRAN was initiated by ICLARM and UNEP to create a global network of successful integrated coastal management and marine protected area models for expanded action. Membership of the ICRI Coordination and Planning Committee includes the countries and agencies above plus all Regional Seas Units of UNEP and the South Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP), ICLARM, WWF, CBD, Ramsar, US Coral Reef Task Force, the French national committee (IFRECOR), International Society for Reef Studies (ISRS), and the Marine Aquarium Council (MAC). 353
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Status of Coral Reefs of the World:
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FOREWORD Over the past few years, I
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CONTENTS COUNTRIES, STATES AND TERR
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COUNTRIES, STATES AND TERRITORIES A
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Countries, States and Territories T
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CLIVE WILKINSON T
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Executive Summary CORAL BLEACHING I
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Executive Summary South Asia Most r
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Executive Summary parts of Fiji and
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Executive Summary management and mo
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Executive Summary tourism developme
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Executive Summary problem is loomin
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6. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN SOUTH A
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Status of Coral Reefs in South Asia
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8. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS OF EAST AN
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Status of Coral Reefs of East and N
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9. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS OF AUSTRAL
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Status of Coral Reefs of Australasi
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10. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE SO
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Southw
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11. STATUS OF SOUTHEAST AND CENTRAL
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Status of Southeast and Central Pac
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12. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS OF AMERIC
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Status of Coral Reefs of American S
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15. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE NO
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Northe
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