Status of Coral Reefs of the World 2000

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Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 2000 SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION Cortés, J. 2000. The status of coral reefs in Costa Rica. Unpublished report, CIMAR, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica. Cortés, J. (Ed.). 2000. Coral reefs of Latin America. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam: in press. Croquer, A. 2000. The status of coral reefs in Venezuela. Unpublished report, INTECMAR, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Caracas, Venezuela. Díaz, J.M. (Ed.). 2000. Areas coralinas de Colombia. Publicación Especial No. 5, INVEMAR, Santa Marta, Colombia, 171 p. Garzón-Ferreira, J. & J.M. Díaz. 2000. Assessing and monitoring coral reef condition in Colombia during the last decade: 51-58. In Done, T. & D. Lloyd (eds.): Information Management and Decision Support for Marine Biodiversity Protection and Human Welfare: Coral Reefs. Australian Inst. Mar. Sci. (AIMS), Townsville, Australia. Garzón-Ferreira, J. & J.M. Díaz. 2000. The Caribbean coral reefs of Colombia. In J. Cortés (ed): Coral reefs of Latin America. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam: in press. Guzmán, H. 2000. Status of coral reefs in Panamá for 2000. Unpublished report, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panamá. Leao, Z.M.A.N.; R.K.P. Kikuchi & V. Testa. 2000. Corals and coral reefs of Brazil. In J. Cortés (ed): Coral reefs of Latin America. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam: in press. Rodríguez, A. & J. Garzón-Ferreira. 2000. Status of the coral reefs of Colombia. Unpublished report, INVEMAR, Santa Marta, Colombia. Zapata, F. & B. Vargas. 2000. Corals and coral reefs of the Pacific coast of Colombia. In J. Cortés (ed): Coral reefs of Latin America. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam: in press. 348
19. SPONSORING ORGANISATIONS, CORAL REEF PROGRAMMES AND MONITORING NETWORKS AGRRA - ATLANTIC AND GULF RAPID REEF ASSESSMENT AGRRA is an international collaboration of researchers and managers designed to evaluate reef condition throughout the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico using a rapid assessment protocol. AGRRA was specifically designed for the western Atlantic to assess the regional condition of hard corals, composition of algal communities, and fish abundance and size. Principal indicators assessed are coral cover, coral mortality, coral recruitment, macro algal index, urchin density, abundance and size of key fish families; protocols are largely based on visual measurements (identification, size, abundance, partial mortality). Consistency between observers in measuring and recording data is essential, and training workshops for scientists and managers were held in Bonaire, Mexico, Jamaica and Florida to achieve this. AGRRA assessments have been in over 22 regions of the Caribbean (including Bahamas, Belize, Bonaire, Cayman Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, Curaçao, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Puerto Rico, St. Vincent, Turks and Caicos, US Virgin Islands, US Florida Keys and Flower Gardens, Venezuela) since June 1998. AGRRA has developed an ACCESS database for the data and long-term plans are to put survey results on the world-wide web. By examining many reefs, it is possible to develop scales of reef condition and perform regional comparisons, but these do not attempt to distinguish between cause and effect relationships on reef condition. These data will establish a present-day Caribbean-wide baseline and to develop hypotheses on regional patterns of reef condition. For additional information on contact: Robert Ginsburg or Philip Kramer MGG/RSMAS, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL 33149. E-mail: agrra@rsmas.miami.edu or rginsburg@rsmas.miami.edu; Web site: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/agra/ AIMS - AUSTRALIAN INSTITUTE OF MARINE SCIENCE AIMS is one of Australia’s key research agencies and the only one committed primarily to marine research, with an emphasis on tropical marine science. It undertakes research and development to generate new knowledge in marine science and technology, and to promote its application in industry, government and environmental management. The research programme involves medium- to long-term research that is geared towards improved understanding of marine systems and the development of a capability to predict the behaviour of complex tropical marine systems. In the past 20 years the Institute has established a sound reputation for high quality research on coral reef and mangrove ecosystems, and on the water circulation around our coasts and continental shelf. Researchers have not only published extensively in scientific journals but have also written field guides, books and monographs for regional use. This work supports a wide range of studies for effective coral reef management. Contact: Tel: + 61 7 4753 4444; Fax: + 61 7 4772 5852; Web site: www.aims.gov.au 349
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FOREWORD Over the past few years, I
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CONTENTS COUNTRIES, STATES AND TERR
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COUNTRIES, STATES AND TERRITORIES A
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Countries, States and Territories T
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CLIVE WILKINSON T
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Executive Summary CORAL BLEACHING I
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Executive Summary South Asia Most r
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Executive Summary parts of Fiji and
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Executive Summary management and mo
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Executive Summary tourism developme
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Executive Summary problem is loomin
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6. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN SOUTH A
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Status of Coral Reefs in South Asia
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8. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS OF EAST AN
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Status of Coral Reefs of East and N
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9. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS OF AUSTRAL
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Status of Coral Reefs of Australasi
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10. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE SO
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Southw
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11. STATUS OF SOUTHEAST AND CENTRAL
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Status of Southeast and Central Pac
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12. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS OF AMERIC
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Status of Coral Reefs of American S
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15. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE NO
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Northe
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Page 310 and 311: Status of Coral Reefs of the World:
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Page 375: LIST OF ACRONYMS AGRRA AIMS ASEAN B
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