Status of Coral Reefs of the World 2000

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Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 2000 The Flower Garden Banks Deslarzes, K.J.P., ed. (1998). The Flower Garden Banks (Northwest Gulf of Mexico): Environmental Characteristics and Human Interaction. OCS Report MMS 98-0010. US Dept. of the Interior, Minerals Management Service, Gulf of Mexico OCS Region, New Orleans, La. 100pp. Pattengill, C.V., Semmens, B.X. and Gittings S.R. (1997). Reef fish trophic structure of the Flower Gardens and Stetson Bank, NW Gulf of Mexico. Proc. 8th Int. Coral Reef Symposium 1:1023-1028. Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources, San Juan, P.R. (1999). Puerto Rico and the Sea, 1999 Report. Environmental Quality Board, San Juan, P.R. Goals and Progress of Statewide Water Quality Management Planning for Puerto Rico. 2000 305(b) Report. US Virgin Islands Garrison, V.H., Rogers, C.S., Beets, J. 1998. Of reef fishes, overfishing and in situ observations of fish traps in St. John, US Virgin Islands. Rev. Biol. Trop. 46 Supl. 5: 41-59. Rogers, C., Miller, J. (in press). Coral bleaching, hurricane damage, and benthic cover on coral reefs in St. John, US Virgin Islands: a comparison of surveys with the chain transect method and videography. Proceedings of National Coral Reef Institute Conference. April 1999. Navassa Atkinson, M.J. (1999) Topographical relief as a proxy for the friction factors of reefs: estimates of nutrient uptake into coral reef benthos. IN Maragos JE and Grober- Dunsmore R (eds.) Proceedings of the Hawaii Coral Reef Monitoring Workshop. Hawaii Divs. of Land and Natural Resources, Honolulu, HI. pp 99-103. Littler, M.M., Littler, D.S., Brooks, B.L. (1999) The first oceanographic expedition to Navassa Island, USA: Status of marine plant and animal communities. Reef Encounter, 25 July 1999, pp. 26-30. 258
Status of Coral Reefs in the US Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico THE US CORAL REEF TASK FORCE US President Bill Clinton issued Executive Order 13089 in 1998 ‘to conserve and protect US coral reef ecosystems’, along with a proposal to form the US Coral Reef Task Force (USCRTF) to implement the presidential edict. One of the first actions of the USCRTF was to form Working Groups to review the current position and propose activities within the themes of coastal uses, ecosystem science and conservation, mapping and information synthesis, water and air quality, international dimensions, and education and outreach. Working Group membership included representatives from Federal, State, Commonwealth, and Territorial agencies, non-governmental organisations, and the All Islands Coral Reef Initiative Committee. The USCRTF adopted the 1999 ‘US All Islands Coral Reef Initiative Strategy’, which is the ‘Green Book’ for action. At the 4th meeting of the USCRTF, representatives from the US associated Pacific Island nations were invited to join the USCRTF. The Task Force issued a National Action Plan in mid 2000, which should generate considerable new coral reef work to start in 2000 and continue for the next few years. The US Congress allocated US$6 million for coral reef mapping and management activities to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Ocean Service (NOAA NOS), and to implement many of the critical activities identified in the National Plan. Among those actions, US$1 million was devoted to mapping the coral reefs of the US Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, and the Hawaiian Archipelago. Along with funds from the US Department of the Interior, another US$1M was provided to support the All Island Green Book projects, and another US$1M to help implement a multi-agency, comprehensive ‘National Program to Assess, Inventory, and Monitor US Coral Reef Ecosystems’. Within this program, NOS gave support for 6 cooperative grants to start 3-year projects beginning in 2000 in Hawaii, Guam, Puerto Rico, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. These projects will help build island capacity for assessing their coral reef resources, and filling gaps in monitoring coverage of US coral reef ecosystems. The prognosis for further support for US States and Territories, and US affiliated Island coral reef ecosystems is reasonably good. Both the Departments of the Interior and Commerce have indications from congress of funding specified for US coral reef activities in FY2001. There are also several bills currently being debated on the floor of the US Senate and the House of Representatives to provide substantial funding for the mapping, monitoring, research, management, and restoration of US coral reefs. Information on the USCRTF can be obtained on http.//coralreef.gov/ 259
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FOREWORD Over the past few years, I
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CONTENTS COUNTRIES, STATES AND TERR
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COUNTRIES, STATES AND TERRITORIES A
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Countries, States and Territories T
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CLIVE WILKINSON T
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Executive Summary CORAL BLEACHING I
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Executive Summary South Asia Most r
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Executive Summary parts of Fiji and
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Executive Summary management and mo
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Executive Summary tourism developme
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Executive Summary problem is loomin
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6. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN SOUTH A
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Status of Coral Reefs in South Asia
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8. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS OF EAST AN
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Status of Coral Reefs of East and N
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9. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS OF AUSTRAL
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Status of Coral Reefs of Australasi
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10. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE SO
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Southw
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11. STATUS OF SOUTHEAST AND CENTRAL
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Status of Southeast and Central Pac
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12. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS OF AMERIC
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Status of Coral Reefs of American S
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17. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE EA
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Easter
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18. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN SOUTHE
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Status of Coral Reefs in Southern T
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19. SPONSORING ORGANISATIONS, CORAL
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Sponsoring Organisations, Coral Ree
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LIST OF ACRONYMS AGRRA AIMS ASEAN B
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