Status of Coral Reefs of the World 2000

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Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 2000 AUTHOR CONTACTS Dave Gulko is with the Hawaii Department of Land & Natural Resources david_a_gulko@exec.state.hi.us, Jim Maragos works for the US Fish & Wildlife Service in Hawaii- jim_maragos@fws.gov, Alan Friedlander is with the Oceanic Institute, Waimanalo - afriedlander@oceanicinstitute.org, Cynthia Hunter is Curator at the Waikiki Aquarium Honolulu - cindyh@hawaii.edu, and Rusty Brainard is with the National Marine Fisheries Service in Honolulu - Rusty.Brainard@noaa.gov 238
14. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE US CARIBBEAN AND GULF OF MEXICO: FLORIDA, TEXAS, PUERTO RICO, U.S VIRGIN ISLANDS AND NAVASSA BILLY CAUSEY, JOANNE DELANEY, ERNESTO DIAZ, DICK DODGE, JORGE R. GARCIA, JAMIE HIGGINS, WALTER JAAP, CRUZ A. MATOS, GEORGE P. SCHMAHL, CAROLINE ROGERS, MARGARET W. MILLER AND DONNA D. TURGEON ABSTRACT United States Federal funding for regional mapping, monitoring, and management of coral reef ecosystems of Florida, Texas, Puerto Rico, US Virgin Islands and Navassa increased significantly in 2000. The US Coral Reef Task Force outlined a National Action Plan, which the National Ocean Service (NOS) of NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) funded some of the activities relevant to the US Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico. Besides the NOS cooperative grants of over US$0.6 million to assess and monitor coral reef ecosystems and to complete several projects outlined in the All Islands Initiative ‘Green Book’, NOS has spent several months mapping coral reefs off the US Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico. Additionally, NOS provided a further US$1million of FY2000 funding cooperative grants for coral reef research and monitoring to the National Coral Reef Initiative (NCRI), and the Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources. NCRI grant projects include mapping, monitoring, and research conducted on Florida East Coast coral reef ecosystems. Puerto Rico will initiate assessments and set up at least 16 long-term monitoring sites at selected reefs around Puerto Rico, and a cooperative grant will result in a baseline characterisation of coral reef and seagrass communities off Vieques Island. The US Virgin Island grant will support a multi-agency effort among the Virgin Island Department of Planning and Natural Resources, the US Geological Survey, the University of the Virgin Islands, and the National Park Service to establish baseline conditions prior to the anticipated establishment of marine reserves so that their effectiveness in promoting recovery of fish assemblages and marine habitats can be evaluated. The hope is that such heightened attention to coral reef issues in this region will continue into the near future, the following recommendations are proposed for regional scale action: • Identify hydrological and ecological ecosystem linkages at regional scales; • Establish procedures to reduce regional water quality stresses to coral reefs; • Determine sources and sinks of marine resources on a regional scale; • Use satellite resources to map and track watershed influences and aid in characterising the oceanographic patterns both upstream and downstream of coral reef areas; • Establish cross-boundary and cross-jurisdictional agreements to manage reef areas using an ecosystem approach; 239
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FOREWORD Over the past few years, I
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CONTENTS COUNTRIES, STATES AND TERR
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COUNTRIES, STATES AND TERRITORIES A
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Countries, States and Territories T
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CLIVE WILKINSON T
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Executive Summary CORAL BLEACHING I
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Executive Summary South Asia Most r
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Executive Summary parts of Fiji and
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Executive Summary management and mo
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Executive Summary tourism developme
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Executive Summary problem is loomin
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6. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN SOUTH A
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Status of Coral Reefs in South Asia
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8. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS OF EAST AN
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Status of Coral Reefs of East and N
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9. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS OF AUSTRAL
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Status of Coral Reefs of Australasi
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10. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE SO
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Southw
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11. STATUS OF SOUTHEAST AND CENTRAL
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Status of Southeast and Central Pac
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Status of Southeast and Central Pac
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17. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE EA
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Easter
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18. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN SOUTHE
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Status of Coral Reefs in Southern T
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19. SPONSORING ORGANISATIONS, CORAL
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Sponsoring Organisations, Coral Ree
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LIST OF ACRONYMS AGRRA AIMS ASEAN B
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