techniques for approximating the international temperature ... - BIPM
techniques for approximating the international temperature ... - BIPM techniques for approximating the international temperature ... - BIPM
188 Ween, S. (1968): Care and Use of Liquid-in-Glass Laboratory Thermometers; ISA Transactions 7, 93-100. Wilks, J. (1967): The Properties of Liquid and Solid Helium; International Series of Monographs on Physics (Clarendon Press, Oxford). Wise, J.A. (1976): Liquid-in-Glass Thermometry; National Bureau of Standards Monograph 150. Woerner, B. (1982): A Photoelectric Direct Current Spectral Pyrometer with Linear Characteristics; Temperature, Its Measurement and Control in Science and Industry (American Institute of Physics, New York) 5, 429-432. Wood, S.D., Magnum, B.W., Filliben, J.J. and Tillett, S.B. (1978): An Investigation of the Stability of Thermistors; J. Research Nat. Bur. Stand. 83, 247-263. Zawadzki, M., and Sujak, B. (1983): Behaviour of Semiconductor Low Temperature Sensors in Electromagnetic Environments; Cryogenics 23, 599-602. Zinov'eva, K.N., Zarubin, L.I., Nemish, I, Yu., Vorobkalo, F.M., Boldarev, S.T. (1979): Semiconductor Resistance Thermometers for the Interval 300-0.3 K; Pribory i Technika Eksperimenta, no. 3, 214-216. Zysk, E.D. (1964): Noble Metals in Thermometry - Recent Developments; Technical Bulletin Engelhard Industries 5, 69-97.
189 Appendix A Differences between the ITS-90 and the EPT -76, and between the ITS-90 and the IPTS-68. (T90 – T76)/mK T90/K 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 -0,1 -0,2 -0,3 -0,4 -0,5 10 -0,6 -0,7 -0.8 -1,0 -1,1 -1,3 -1,4 -1,6 -1,8 -2,0 20 -2,2 -2,5 -2,7 -3,0 -3,2 -3,5 -3,8 -4,1 (T90 – T68)/K T90/K 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 -0,006 -0,003 -0,004 -0 006 -0,008 -0,009 20 -0,009 -0,008 -0,007 -0,007 -0,006 -0,005 -0,004 -0,004 -0,005 -0,006 30 -0,006 -0,007 -0,008 -0,008 -0,008 -0,007 -0,007 -0,007 -0,006 -0,006 40 -0,006 -0,006 -0,006 -0,006 -0,006 -0,007 -0,007 -0,007 -0,006 -0,006 50 -0,006 -0,005 -0,005 -0,004 -0,003 -0,092 -0,001 0,000 0,001 0,002 60 0,003 0,003 0,004 0,004 0,005 0,005 0,006 0,006 0,007 0,007 70 0,007 0,007 0,007 0,007 0,007 0,008 0,008 0,008 0,008 0,008 80 0,008 0,008 0,008 0,008 0,008 0,008 0,008 0,008 0,008 0,008 90 0,008 0,008 0,008 0,008 0,008 0,008 0,008 0,009 0,009 0,009 T90/K 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0,009 0,011 0,013 0,014 0,014 0,014 0,014 0,013 0,012 0,012 200 0,011 0,010 0,009 0,008 0,007 0,005 0,003 0,001 (t90 – t68)/°C t90/°C 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 0,013 0,013 0,014 0,014 0,014 0,013 0,012 0,010 0,008 0,008 0 0,000 0,002 0,004 0,006 0,008 0,009 0,010 0,011 0,012 0,012 t90/°C 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 0 0,000 -0,002 -0,005 -0,007 -0,010 -0,013 -0,016 -0,018 -0,021 -0,024 100 -0,026 -0,028 -0,030 -0,032 -0,034 -0,036 -0,037 -0,038 -0,039 -0,039 200 -0,040 -0,040 -0,040 -0,040 -0,040 -0,040 -0,040 -0,039 -0,039 -0,039 300 -0,039 -0,039 -0,039 -0,040 -0,040 -0,041 -0,042 -0,043 -0,045 -0,046 400 -0,048 -0,051 -0,053 -0,056 -0,059 -0,062 -0,065 -0,068 -0,072 -0,075 500 -0,079 -0,083 -0,087 -0,090 -0,094 -0,098 -0,101 -0,105 -0,108 -0,112 600 -0,115 -0,118 -0,122 -0,125 -0,08 -0,03 0,02 0.06 0,11 0,16 700 0,20 0,24 0,28 0,31 0,33 0,35 0,36 0,36 0,36 0,35 800 0,34 0,32 0,29 0,25 0,22 0,18 0,14 0,10 0,06 0,03 900 -0,01 -0,03 -0,06 -0,08 -0,10 -0,12 -0,14 -0,16 -0,17 -0,18 1000 -0,19 -0,20 -0,21 -0,22 -0,23 -0,24 -0,25 -0,25 -0,26 -0,26 t90/°C 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 -0,26 -0,30 -0,35 -0,39 -0,44 -0,49 -0,54 -0,60 -0,66 2000 -0,72 -0,79 -0,85 -0,93 -1,00 -1,07 -1,15 -1,24 -1,32 -1,41 3000 -1,50 -1,59 -1,69 -1,78 -1,89 -1,99 -2,10 -2,21 -2,32 -2,43
- Page 158 and 159: 138 and between different thermomet
- Page 160 and 161: 140 therefrom) can then be used wit
- Page 162 and 163: 142
- Page 164 and 165: 144 Fig. 16.8: Tolerances for indus
- Page 166 and 167: 146 Stability on thermal cycling is
- Page 168 and 169: 18.2.1 Type T Thermocouple 148 With
- Page 170 and 171: 150 within ± 0.5 to 0.7 percent. T
- Page 172 and 173: 152 insulation even though it be af
- Page 174 and 175: 154 Table 18.4: Recommended Sheath
- Page 176 and 177: 156 In the case of the Types K and
- Page 178 and 179: 158 temperature is measured with th
- Page 180 and 181: 160 19. Thermometry in Magnetic Fie
- Page 182 and 183: 162 Type of Sensor T(K) Magnetic Fl
- Page 184 and 185: 164 be noted that these lower tempe
- Page 186 and 187: 166 Fig. 19.2: The change in calibr
- Page 188 and 189: 168 Carbon-glass thermometers (Chap
- Page 190 and 191: Ancsin, J. and Phillips, M.J. (1984
- Page 192 and 193: 172 Berry, R.J. (1972): The Influen
- Page 194 and 195: 174 Brodskii, A.D. (1968): Simplifi
- Page 196 and 197: 176 Crovini, L., Perissi, R., Andre
- Page 198 and 199: Hudson, R.P. (1972): Principles and
- Page 200 and 201: 180 Lengerer, B. (1974): Semiconduc
- Page 202 and 203: 182 OIML (1985): International Reco
- Page 204 and 205: 184 Rusby, R.L. (1975): Resistance
- Page 206 and 207: 186 Seifert, P. and Fellmuth, B. (1
- Page 210 and 211: 190 Fig. A.1: Differences between t
- Page 212 and 213: National Institute of Metrology P.O
- Page 214 and 215: 194 Appendix C Some Suppliers of Va
- Page 216 and 217: 196 Appendix D Calculations Relativ
- Page 218 and 219: 198 4. The calculation of the numbe
- Page 220 and 221: 200 Appendix F Interpolation Polyno
- Page 222 and 223: - temperature range from 0 °C to 1
- Page 224 and 225: 204 where: d0 = 0; d5 = -3.17578007
188<br />
Ween, S. (1968): Care and Use of Liquid-in-Glass Laboratory Thermometers; ISA Transactions 7,<br />
93-100.<br />
Wilks, J. (1967): The Properties of Liquid and Solid Helium; International Series of Monographs on<br />
Physics (Clarendon Press, Ox<strong>for</strong>d).<br />
Wise, J.A. (1976): Liquid-in-Glass Thermometry; National Bureau of Standards Monograph 150.<br />
Woerner, B. (1982): A Photoelectric Direct Current Spectral Pyrometer with Linear Characteristics;<br />
Temperature, Its Measurement and Control in Science and Industry (American Institute of<br />
Physics, New York) 5, 429-432.<br />
Wood, S.D., Magnum, B.W., Filliben, J.J. and Tillett, S.B. (1978): An Investigation of <strong>the</strong> Stability of<br />
Thermistors; J. Research Nat. Bur. Stand. 83, 247-263.<br />
Zawadzki, M., and Sujak, B. (1983): Behaviour of Semiconductor Low Temperature Sensors in<br />
Electromagnetic Environments; Cryogenics 23, 599-602.<br />
Zinov'eva, K.N., Zarubin, L.I., Nemish, I, Yu., Vorobkalo, F.M., Boldarev, S.T. (1979):<br />
Semiconductor Resistance Thermometers <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> Interval 300-0.3 K; Pribory i Technika<br />
Eksperimenta, no. 3, 214-216.<br />
Zysk, E.D. (1964): Noble Metals in Thermometry - Recent Developments; Technical Bulletin<br />
Engelhard Industries 5, 69-97.
Change language