techniques for approximating the international temperature ... - BIPM
techniques for approximating the international temperature ... - BIPM techniques for approximating the international temperature ... - BIPM
180 Lengerer, B. (1974): Semiconductor Devices Suitable for use in Cryogenic Environment; Cryogenics 14, 439-447. Linenberger, D., Spellicy, E. and Radebaugh, R. (1982): Thermal Response Times of Some Cryogenic Thermometers; Temperature, Its Measurement and Control in Science and Industry (American Institute of Physics, New York) 5, 1367-1372. Lindenfeld, P. (1962): Carbon and Semiconductor Thermometers for Low Temperatures; Temperature, Its Measurement and Control in Science and Industry (Reinhold, New York) 3, 399-405. Lounasmaa, O.V. (1974): Experimental Principles and Methods below 1 K (Academic Press, London). Low, F.J. (1961): Gallium-doped Germanium Resistance Thermometers; Advances in Cryogenic Engineering (Plenum Press, New York) 7, 514-516. Mangum, B.W. (1984): Stability of Small Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometers; J. Research Nat. Bur. Stand. 89, 305-316. Mangum, B.W. (1986): Stability of Thermistors; Temperature Measurement - Proceedings of International Symposium on Temperature Measurement in Industry and Science (China Academic Publishers), 170-175. Mangum, B.W. and Bowers, W.J. (1978): Two Practical Magnetic Thermometers for Use Below 30 K; Journal de Physique, Colloque C6, 1175. Mangum, B.W. and Evans, G.A. (1982): Investigation of the Stability of Small Platinum Resistance Thermometers; Temperature, Its Measurement and Control in Science and Industry (American Institute of Physics, New York) 5, 795-801. Matacotta, F.C., Ferri, D., Giraudi, D., Pavese, F. Oddone, M. (1984): Germanium Thermometers for Low Temperature Measurements in Magnetic Fields up to 6 T; Proceedings of 2nd National Cryogenic Conference (A.Cr.I., Torino), 120-125. McAllan, J. V. (1982): Reference Temperatures near 800 °C; Temperature, Its Measurement and Control in Science and Industry (American Institute of Physics, New York) 5, 371-376. McConville, G. T. (1966): Thermomolecular Pressure Corrections in Helium Vapour Pressure Thermometry: the Effect of the Tube Surface; Cryogenics 9, 122-127. McConville, G. T. (1972): The Effect of the Measuring Tube Surface on Thermomolecular Pressure Corrections in Vapour Pressure Thermometry; Temperature, Its Measurement and Control in Science and Industry (Instrument Society of America, Pittsburgh) 4, 159-169.
181 McDonald, P .C. (1973): Magnetoresistance of the Cryogenic Linear Temperature Sensor in the range 4.2 K to 300 K; Cryogenics 13, 367-368. McLaren, E.H. and Murdock, E.G. (1972): New Considerations on the Preparation, Properties, and Limitations of the Standard Thermocouple for Thermometry; Temperature, Its Measurement and Control in Science and Industry (Instrument Society of America, Pittsburgh) 4, 1543-1560. McLaren, E.H. and Murdock, E.G. (1979a): The Properties of Pt/PtRh Thermocouples for Thermometry in the Range 0-1100 °C. Part I: Basic Measurements with Standard Thermocouples; NRC Report APH 2212/NRCC 17407. McLaren, E.H. and Murdock, E.G. (1979b): The Properties of Pt/PtRh Thermocouples for Thermometry in the Range 0-1100 °C. Part II: Effect of Heat Treatment on Standard Thermocouples; NRC Report APH 2213/NRCC 17408. McLaren, E.H. and Murdock, E.G. (1983): The Properties of Pt/PtRh Thermocouples for Thermometry in the Range 0-1100 °C. Part III: Effect of Mild Quenching and Deformation on Standard Thermocouples; NRC Report APH 2553/NRCC 17409. McLaren, E.H. and Murdock, E.G. (1987): The Pt/Au Thermocouple; NRC Report NRCC/27703. Montgomery, H. and Pells, G.P. (1963): Errors in Helium Vapour Pressure Thermometry; Brit. J. Appl. Phys. 14, 525-526. Moser, A. and Bonnier, G. (1972): Très Basses Températures: étalonnage de Sondes au Germanium; Compte Rendu de fin de Contrat de Recherche, CNAM, November 1972. Murdock, E.G. and McLaren, E.H. (1972): The Movable-Junction Stationary-Lead Thermocouple; Rev. Sci. Instr. 43, 787-790. Nara, K. (1984): Dependence of Superconducting Transition Temperature on Detection Techniques; Comité Consultatif de Thermométrie, 15e Session, Document CCT/84-15. NASA (1985): Report No. NASA-CR-74358, ER-8295, Nov. 1985. Contract No. NAS85332. Neuringer, L.J., Perlman, A.J., Rubin, L.G., and Shapira, Y. (1971): Low Temperature Thermometry in High Magnetic Fields. II Germanium and Platinum Resistors; Rev. Sci. Instr. 42, 9-14. Neuringer, L.J. and Rubin, L.G. (1972): Low Temperature Thermometry in High Magnetic Fields; Temperature, Its Measurement and Control in Science and Industry (Instrument Society of America, Pittsburgh) 4, 1085-1094.
- Page 150 and 151: 130 Fig. 16.1: (a) Fabrication of I
- Page 152 and 153: 132 capillaries of a twin- (or four
- Page 154 and 155: 134 advised to choose the thermomet
- Page 156 and 157: 136 Fig. 16.6: Distribution of the
- Page 158 and 159: 138 and between different thermomet
- Page 160 and 161: 140 therefrom) can then be used wit
- Page 162 and 163: 142
- Page 164 and 165: 144 Fig. 16.8: Tolerances for indus
- Page 166 and 167: 146 Stability on thermal cycling is
- Page 168 and 169: 18.2.1 Type T Thermocouple 148 With
- Page 170 and 171: 150 within ± 0.5 to 0.7 percent. T
- Page 172 and 173: 152 insulation even though it be af
- Page 174 and 175: 154 Table 18.4: Recommended Sheath
- Page 176 and 177: 156 In the case of the Types K and
- Page 178 and 179: 158 temperature is measured with th
- Page 180 and 181: 160 19. Thermometry in Magnetic Fie
- Page 182 and 183: 162 Type of Sensor T(K) Magnetic Fl
- Page 184 and 185: 164 be noted that these lower tempe
- Page 186 and 187: 166 Fig. 19.2: The change in calibr
- Page 188 and 189: 168 Carbon-glass thermometers (Chap
- Page 190 and 191: Ancsin, J. and Phillips, M.J. (1984
- Page 192 and 193: 172 Berry, R.J. (1972): The Influen
- Page 194 and 195: 174 Brodskii, A.D. (1968): Simplifi
- Page 196 and 197: 176 Crovini, L., Perissi, R., Andre
- Page 198 and 199: Hudson, R.P. (1972): Principles and
- Page 202 and 203: 182 OIML (1985): International Reco
- Page 204 and 205: 184 Rusby, R.L. (1975): Resistance
- Page 206 and 207: 186 Seifert, P. and Fellmuth, B. (1
- Page 208 and 209: 188 Ween, S. (1968): Care and Use o
- Page 210 and 211: 190 Fig. A.1: Differences between t
- Page 212 and 213: National Institute of Metrology P.O
- Page 214 and 215: 194 Appendix C Some Suppliers of Va
- Page 216 and 217: 196 Appendix D Calculations Relativ
- Page 218 and 219: 198 4. The calculation of the numbe
- Page 220 and 221: 200 Appendix F Interpolation Polyno
- Page 222 and 223: - temperature range from 0 °C to 1
- Page 224 and 225: 204 where: d0 = 0; d5 = -3.17578007
180<br />
Lengerer, B. (1974): Semiconductor Devices Suitable <strong>for</strong> use in Cryogenic Environment;<br />
Cryogenics 14, 439-447.<br />
Linenberger, D., Spellicy, E. and Radebaugh, R. (1982): Thermal Response Times of Some<br />
Cryogenic Thermometers; Temperature, Its Measurement and Control in Science and Industry<br />
(American Institute of Physics, New York) 5, 1367-1372.<br />
Lindenfeld, P. (1962): Carbon and Semiconductor Thermometers <strong>for</strong> Low Temperatures;<br />
Temperature, Its Measurement and Control in Science and Industry (Reinhold, New York) 3,<br />
399-405.<br />
Lounasmaa, O.V. (1974): Experimental Principles and Methods below 1 K (Academic Press,<br />
London).<br />
Low, F.J. (1961): Gallium-doped Germanium Resistance Thermometers; Advances in Cryogenic<br />
Engineering (Plenum Press, New York) 7, 514-516.<br />
Mangum, B.W. (1984): Stability of Small Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometers; J. Research<br />
Nat. Bur. Stand. 89, 305-316.<br />
Mangum, B.W. (1986): Stability of Thermistors; Temperature Measurement - Proceedings of<br />
International Symposium on Temperature Measurement in Industry and Science (China<br />
Academic Publishers), 170-175.<br />
Mangum, B.W. and Bowers, W.J. (1978): Two Practical Magnetic Thermometers <strong>for</strong> Use Below 30<br />
K; Journal de Physique, Colloque C6, 1175.<br />
Mangum, B.W. and Evans, G.A. (1982): Investigation of <strong>the</strong> Stability of Small Platinum Resistance<br />
Thermometers; Temperature, Its Measurement and Control in Science and Industry<br />
(American Institute of Physics, New York) 5, 795-801.<br />
Matacotta, F.C., Ferri, D., Giraudi, D., Pavese, F. Oddone, M. (1984): Germanium Thermometers<br />
<strong>for</strong> Low Temperature Measurements in Magnetic Fields up to 6 T; Proceedings of 2nd<br />
National Cryogenic Conference (A.Cr.I., Torino), 120-125.<br />
McAllan, J. V. (1982): Reference Temperatures near 800 °C; Temperature, Its Measurement and<br />
Control in Science and Industry (American Institute of Physics, New York) 5, 371-376.<br />
McConville, G. T. (1966): Thermomolecular Pressure Corrections in Helium Vapour Pressure<br />
Thermometry: <strong>the</strong> Effect of <strong>the</strong> Tube Surface; Cryogenics 9, 122-127.<br />
McConville, G. T. (1972): The Effect of <strong>the</strong> Measuring Tube Surface on Thermomolecular Pressure<br />
Corrections in Vapour Pressure Thermometry; Temperature, Its Measurement and Control in<br />
Science and Industry (Instrument Society of America, Pittsburgh) 4, 159-169.