SIGUARD DSA
SIGUARD ® DSA Demonstrator - Epcc-workshop.net
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<strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong><br />
Situational awareness for dynamic stability<br />
as add-on control centre functionality<br />
www.siemens.com/siguard<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rainer Krebs<br />
Principal Expert Power Technologies<br />
Head of Protection and Control System Studies<br />
Siemens AG, Infrastructure & Cities Sector<br />
IC SG SE PTI NC PCS, Erlangen, Germany<br />
Honorary Professor for System Protection and Control<br />
Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany<br />
German Member in working groups of: IEC, CIGRE, IEEE, DKE, T&D Europe<br />
Board Member of VDE Bavaria<br />
Page 2<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
Content<br />
• Challenges for Electrical Energy Supply Networks<br />
• The Solution: <strong>SIGUARD</strong> ®<br />
• The Dynamic Security Assessment <strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong><br />
• <strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong> Demonstrator<br />
• References<br />
Page 3<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
Content<br />
• Challenges for Electrical Energy Supply Networks<br />
• The Solution: <strong>SIGUARD</strong> ®<br />
• The Dynamic Security Assessment <strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong><br />
• <strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong> Demonstrator<br />
• References<br />
Page 4<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
Challenges for Electrical Energy Supply Networks<br />
Renewables<br />
• Bulk wind farms onshore and offshore are<br />
feeding transmission grids<br />
• Smaller wind farms and large PV plants are<br />
feeding distribution grids<br />
• Small roof PV plants feeding LV grid<br />
• Energy infeed is predictable, Power infeed is not<br />
predictable<br />
Energy trade<br />
• Energy market is deregulated<br />
The transmission grids with a clear<br />
„Power Transmission“ task<br />
are actually transformed into<br />
„Power Exchange“ platforms<br />
Transmission system expansion<br />
• Reduction of spinning reserve<br />
Power electronics equipments<br />
• Reduction of system inertia<br />
• High system dynamics<br />
Page 5<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
Challenges for Electrical Energy Supply Networks<br />
High System Dynamics<br />
Outage of 1100MW<br />
In the synchronous eastern grid of USA<br />
Travelling of a frequency wave acc. to the<br />
generator inertias with app. 600km/s<br />
Page 6<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
Challenges for Electrical Energy Supply Networks<br />
Involvement of Protection Relays in Blackouts<br />
In 80% of all blackouts relays are involved<br />
• Zone 3 trips of distance relays,<br />
often used for overload protection instead of<br />
thermal models in numerical relays<br />
• Missing load and power swing blocking<br />
• Uncoordinated protection / or overload<br />
settings across borders or between diff.<br />
utilities<br />
• Too low synchro-check settings<br />
• OC backup in parallel to distance or<br />
differential protection without delay<br />
• Development of primary system without<br />
adaption of relaying design and relay settings<br />
Source: udoleuschner.de: 400kV Mettlen-Lavorgo Line<br />
Area of tree flashover starting the 2003 Italy Blackout<br />
Page 7<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
Challenges for Electrical Energy Supply Networks<br />
Result in Blackouts<br />
>1,000,000 customer hours of disruption per event • Large number of blackouts per year<br />
in > 75% protection is involved (NERC)<br />
• Outages of large infrastructures<br />
• High outage costs<br />
• Death of humans<br />
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_power_outages<br />
In the majority of cases:<br />
Blackouts of<br />
Probability<br />
Source: Prof. Arun Phadke, Virginia Tech Iniversity, USA<br />
Page 8<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
Electrical Systems<br />
are<br />
AVOIDABLE<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
Content<br />
• Challenges for Electrical Energy Supply Networks<br />
• The Solution: <strong>SIGUARD</strong> ®<br />
• The Dynamic Security Assessment <strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong><br />
• <strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong> Demonstrator<br />
• References<br />
Page 9<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> ®<br />
The family of Power System Security Solutions<br />
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> is an innovative solution<br />
that helps ensure reliable power supply<br />
at all times.<br />
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> <strong>DSA</strong>: „Dynamic Security Assessment“<br />
for evaluation of the impact of contingencies on<br />
power system stability and it’s improvement<br />
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> PDP: „Phasor Data Processor“<br />
for acquisition, management and analysis of PMU<br />
measurements<br />
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> PSA: “Protection Security Assessment”<br />
for evaluation, auditing and improvement of the<br />
protection system<br />
Page 10<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
Content<br />
• Challenges for Electrical Energy Supply Networks<br />
• The Solution: <strong>SIGUARD</strong> ®<br />
• The Dynamic Security Assessment <strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong><br />
• <strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong> Demonstrator<br />
• References<br />
Page 11<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong><br />
Easy to Use: Continuous Procedure<br />
System State<br />
Dynamic Analysis<br />
Working point<br />
now<br />
forecasts<br />
time<br />
- Re-dispatch<br />
- tap-changer blocking<br />
- load shedding<br />
- ...<br />
Page 12<br />
Measures<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
Visualization<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong><br />
Data Aggregation: Stability Indices and Grid Code Requirements<br />
Voltage Stability<br />
Small signal stability<br />
Angle<br />
Energy margin<br />
Maximum frequency deviation<br />
Frequency recovery time<br />
Frequency gradient<br />
Dynamic voltage<br />
Quasi-steady-state voltage<br />
Fault ride through<br />
Line power flow<br />
Load shedding<br />
Transformer power flow<br />
Nodal loading<br />
Results Scaling<br />
Page 13<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
0 … 1<br />
Voltage Stability Index (VSI)<br />
Small Signal Stability Index (SSSI)<br />
Angle Index (AI)<br />
Energy Margin Index (EMI)<br />
Maximum Frequency Deviation Index (MFDI)<br />
Frequency Recovery Time Index (FRTI)<br />
Frequency Gradient Index (FGI)<br />
Dynamic Voltage Index (DVI)<br />
Quasi-Steady-State Voltage Index (QSVI)<br />
Fault Ride Through Index (VRTI)<br />
Line Power flow Index (LPFI)<br />
Load Shedding Index (LSI)<br />
Transformer Power Flow Index (TPFI)<br />
Nodal Loading Index (NLI)<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong><br />
Data Aggregation: Transient Generator Stability – Angle Index<br />
Angle Index (AI)<br />
AI<br />
⎡ ⎛ δ ci,max<br />
⎞⎤<br />
= min ⎢1, max<br />
⎥<br />
⎢ i=<br />
1... N ⎜<br />
G δ ⎟<br />
⎣ ⎝ c,max,<br />
adm ⎠⎥⎦<br />
80<br />
60<br />
Limit<br />
index range: 0…1<br />
Rotor angle<br />
40<br />
20<br />
0<br />
-20<br />
-40<br />
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3<br />
Time<br />
Page 14<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong><br />
Data Aggregation: Ranking of Stability Indices and Grid Code Requirements<br />
Grid Code Compliance and<br />
Stability Signal Light<br />
1.0 INCOMPLIANT / INSECURE<br />
0.9<br />
0.8<br />
0.7<br />
c<br />
0.6<br />
0.5<br />
b<br />
0.4<br />
0.3<br />
0.2<br />
a<br />
0.1<br />
0.0<br />
COMPLIANT / SECURE<br />
Page 15<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong> - Data Aggregation<br />
Cockpit<br />
Page 16<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong><br />
Open Software Structure<br />
SCADA<br />
Snapshot<br />
Steady-State Network<br />
Interface<br />
Energy Trade,<br />
Renewable and<br />
Load Forecast<br />
Dynamic Network<br />
Database<br />
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® PDP<br />
PMU Data Stream<br />
Dynamic PMU<br />
Interface<br />
Contingencies &<br />
Measures<br />
Scenarios<br />
Automatic<br />
Contingencies &<br />
Measures<br />
Protection<br />
Database<br />
SETUP,<br />
CONFIGURATION<br />
Margins &<br />
Criteria<br />
Index Selection<br />
U<br />
Voltage<br />
Stability<br />
Margin Calculation<br />
Application Platform<br />
P<br />
Computation<br />
Engine<br />
σ<br />
5%<br />
Small Signal<br />
Stability<br />
Margin Calculation<br />
Ranking<br />
f<br />
δ<br />
fault<br />
Transient<br />
Stability<br />
Margin Calculation<br />
t<br />
PSS ® Suite<br />
Contingencies,<br />
Measures<br />
Interface<br />
Result<br />
Database<br />
SCADA<br />
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> PSA<br />
RDC<br />
SCADA<br />
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® PDP<br />
Monitoring<br />
Page 17<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
Visualization &<br />
Reporting<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong><br />
Easy to Connect<br />
Integrated with<br />
Spectrum Power<br />
Standalone with<br />
any SCADA<br />
PSS PSS ® ® /E /E<br />
PSS ® /E<br />
PSS ® /E files<br />
Steady-state snapshopts<br />
Page 18<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong><br />
Typical Customized Setup<br />
Structural Elements<br />
• Main control center<br />
• Backup control center<br />
• Hot standby control center<br />
• Training center<br />
• End user network<br />
Data Security<br />
• Redundant computation servers<br />
• Redundant database servers<br />
• Different user rights<br />
Page 19<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
Content<br />
• Challenges for Electrical Energy Supply Networks<br />
• The Solution: <strong>SIGUARD</strong> ®<br />
• The Dynamic Security Assessment <strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong><br />
• <strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong> Demonstrator<br />
• References<br />
Page 20<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong> Online Visualization<br />
The Cockpit of the „Power System Navigator“<br />
post-contingency<br />
results distribution<br />
pre-contingency<br />
Page 22<br />
history<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
current<br />
working<br />
point<br />
forecast<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong> Online Visualization<br />
The Contingencies Criticality Viewer<br />
Page 23<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong> Online Visualization<br />
The „Root-Cause Evaluator“<br />
Page 24<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong> Online Visualization<br />
The „Expert Viewer“<br />
Page 25<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong> Online Visualization<br />
The „Grid Viewer“<br />
• Schematic and geographical<br />
Grid representation<br />
• Contingency description<br />
• Results representation colored<br />
• Results representation by ISO-areas<br />
Page 26<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
Content<br />
• Challenges for Electrical Energy Supply Networks<br />
• The Solution: <strong>SIGUARD</strong> ®<br />
• The Dynamic Security Assessment <strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong><br />
• <strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong> Demonstrator<br />
• References<br />
Page 28<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> ® <strong>DSA</strong> - Dynamic Security Assessment<br />
Use Case: Customized solution for Seattle City Light (SCL), USA<br />
Challenges<br />
• NERC FAC-011-2 requires the „Secure Operation Limit (SOL)<br />
Determination“ done by ISOs/RTOs, here: WECC<br />
• WECC forwards this requirement to underlaying system operators<br />
• SCL realizes the requirement by use of <strong>SIGUARD</strong> <strong>DSA</strong><br />
<strong>SIGUARD</strong> <strong>DSA</strong> Solution<br />
• Analyzing the impact of system disturbances dynamically<br />
• Determining required SOL as defined by NERC<br />
for: Thermal, transient and voltage stability<br />
• Considering grid code constraints<br />
• Integrated control center solution with Spectrum Power<br />
Customer Benefits<br />
• Automatic information of WECC about SOL on daily basis<br />
• Reduced workload for control center personnel<br />
Status: Implementation<br />
Page 29<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
Thank you for your attention!<br />
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rainer E. Krebs<br />
Head of Protection and Control System Studies<br />
Principal Expert for Power Technologies<br />
Phone: +49 9131 – 7 33515<br />
Fax: +49 9131 – 7 35017<br />
Mobile: +49 171 – 3026091<br />
E-mail: rainer.krebs@siemens.com<br />
Dr.-Ing. Chris-Oliver Heyde<br />
Consultant <strong>SIGUARD</strong> <strong>DSA</strong><br />
Phone: +49 9131 – 7 33875<br />
Fax: +49 9131 – 7 35017<br />
Mobile: +49 172 – 6678283<br />
E-mail: chris.heyde@siemens.com<br />
Siemens AG, IC SG SE PTI<br />
Freyeslebenstrasse 1<br />
91058 Erlangen<br />
Germany<br />
www.siemens.com/siguard<br />
Page 31<br />
2013-06 R. Krebs<br />
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.<br />
IC SG SE PTI
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