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The World in 2030

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290 <strong>The</strong> <strong>World</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>2030</strong><br />

France and Professor James W. Vaupel of the Max Planck<br />

Institute, Germany, wrote:<br />

Although the exponential <strong>in</strong>crease <strong>in</strong> the number of<br />

centenarians which started just after <strong>World</strong> War II is<br />

today well documented <strong>in</strong> Europe and Japan, this is<br />

still not the case for extremely old persons hav<strong>in</strong>g<br />

reached the age of 105 years – the semi super centenarians<br />

– or even of 110 years – the super centenarians.<br />

<strong>The</strong> first cases of validated super centenarians appeared<br />

<strong>in</strong> the 1960s but their numbers have steadily<br />

<strong>in</strong>creased s<strong>in</strong>ce the mid 1980s. <strong>The</strong> current prevalence<br />

of known super-centenarians <strong>in</strong> low mortality<br />

countries <strong>in</strong>volved <strong>in</strong> the International Database<br />

on Longevity (IDL) is approximately 10 times more<br />

than <strong>in</strong> the mid 1970s.<br />

In roughly twenty years, from 1980 to 2000, the<br />

maximum reported age at death, assumed to <strong>in</strong>dicate<br />

the maximum life span of the human species and<br />

itself seen as a quite stable characteristic of our species,<br />

has <strong>in</strong>creased by about 10 years from 112 to 122<br />

years. 512<br />

And <strong>in</strong> July 2007 <strong>The</strong> F<strong>in</strong>ancial Times reported:<br />

<strong>The</strong> cost of provid<strong>in</strong>g pensions and annuities could<br />

soar by billions of pounds after the actuarial profession<br />

and its regulator warned that life expectancy was<br />

<strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>g at a rapid rate and estimates of how long

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