AIR POLLUTION – MONITORING MODELLING AND HEALTH

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174 Air Pollution <strong>–</strong> Monitoring, Modelling and Health Parkland Airshed Management Zone (PAMZ). (2009). Continuous, Jan 10, 2010, . Pratt, G.C., Chun, Y.W., Bock, D., Adgate, J.L., Ramachandran, G., Stock, T.H., Morandi, M., & Sexton, K. (2004). Comparing Air Dispersion Model Predictions with Measured Concentrations of VOCs in Urban Communities. Environmental Science & Technolology. 38 (7), 1949<strong>–</strong>1959. Pundt, H. & Brinkkötter-Runde, K. (2000). Visualization of spatial data for field based GIS. Computer & Geosciences, 26 (2000), 51-56. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). (1999). Report on the development and harmonization of environmental standards in East Africa, August 22, 2011, . Weather Phenomena. (2009). Monsoon, Jan 2, 2010, Weber, E. (1982). Air pollution: Assessment Methodology and Modelling, Plenum Press, New York. World Health Organization (WHO). (1999). Guidelines for Air Quality, WHO, Geneva. Zhang, C.& McGrath, D. (2003). Geostatistical and GIS analyses on soil organic carbon concentrations in grassland of southeastern Ireland from two different periods. Geoderma. 119 (2004), 261-275.
Train-Based Platform for Observations of the Atmosphere Composition (TROICA Project) N.F. Elansky 1 , I.B. Belikov 1 , O.V. Lavrova 1 , A.I. Skorokhod 1 , R.A. Shumsky 1 , C.A.M. Brenninkmeijer 2 and O.A. Tarasova 3 1 A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS 2 Max Planck Institute for Chemistry 3 World Meteorological Organization 1 Russia 2 Germany 3 Switzerland 8 1. Introduction Composition of the Earth’s atmosphere is evolving in time in continuous interaction with the land, ocean, and biosphere. Growth of the world’s population leads to increased human impact on the nature, causing substantial changes in atmospheric composition due to additional emissions of gases and particles. The concerns about the consequences of the human induced changes have resulted in the ratification of several important international agreements regulating anthropogenic emissions of different substances. To understand the reasons and consequences of the atmospheric composition change complex multicomponent global observations are essential. In spite of the long enough history of the observations several parts of the world still remain sparsely covered by observations, and Russia is among such regions. Due to a huge territory and diverse climatic conditions it is extremely difficult to cover the territory of the world’s biggest country, Russia, by the observational network of the proper spatial resolution. Moreover, disproportions of the industrial development of different regions, the dominance of natural resource-based industry, and varied application of imperfect technologies, have produced non-uniformities in pollution level in the different regions of the country. At the same time, over 65% of the territory contains almost no industrial activity, and the ecosystem state is close to the background conditions. Ecosystems are very diverse in Russia as well. The Russian boreal forests (73% of the world area of such forests), wetlands and peatland ecosystems are the most capacious reservoir of carbon and powerful sources/sinks of the greenhouse and reactive gases. These systems are climate sensitive and need careful assessment under changing conditions. Due to degradation of the efficiency of the Russian meteorological network in the beginning of 1990s and termination of the background monitoring of O 3 , NOx, SO 2 , and aerosol by many stations the question arose on how to continue with the observations of the key
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AIR POLLUTION - MONITORING, MODELLI
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Contents Preface IX Chapter 1 Urban
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Preface This book provides a compre
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AIR POLLUTION – MONITORING MODELLING AND HEALTH

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