AIR POLLUTION – MONITORING MODELLING AND HEALTH

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Air Pollution – Monitoring, Modelling and Health
Im et al. (2010) simulated the high PM 10 levels observed during 13 to 17 th of January, 2008
and showed that high resolution modeling with updated anthropogenic emissions can
successfully reproduce the wintertime episodes associated with local anthropogenic
emissions. Figure 14 shows the OC/PM 10 ratios simulated by Im et al. (2010) which clearly
indicate the nature of PM levels in the urban parts of the city. Around the emissions hot
spots, which are located along the two sides of the Bosphorus, the ratios are calculated to be
highest (~0.40). Figure 15 shows the origin of crustal materials from Sahara based on Kocak
et al. (2011). As seen in the figure, Algerian, Libyan and Tunisian deserts are the important
sources of natural dust affecting Istanbul, as well the north-eastern parts of Black sea region.
The analysis has been conducted based on the extensive PM 10 chemical composition data
from November 2007 to June 2009 in Istanbul (Theodosi et al., 2010). Further analysis
conducted by Kocak et al. (2011) clearly showed the potential impacts of Istanbul on its
surroundings (Fig.16). The results show that Istanbul is under influence of several sources
including Balkans and Eastern European countries. On the other hand, Istanbul pollution
influences western Black Sea, Balkan counties, Levantine Basin and north-eastern Africa
countries.
Fig. 14. Spatial distributions OC/PM 10 mean ratio averaged over the 5-day period between
13th to 17th of January, 2008 (Im et al., 2010).