AIR POLLUTION – MONITORING MODELLING AND HEALTH
air pollution â monitoring, modelling and health - Ademloos air pollution â monitoring, modelling and health - Ademloos
102 Air Pollution – Monitoring, Modelling and Health Fig. 11. Annual variation of PM 10 hourly concentrations in Istanbul citywide (Celebi et al., 2010). The first complete chemical composition data for PM 10 levels in Istanbul has been provided by Theodosi et al. (2010). Daily PM 10 samples were collected at the Bogazici University Campus and major ionic species as well as metals and organic and elemental carbon were measured between November 2007 and June 2009. Fig. 12 shows the temporal variation of major chemical species in Istanbul during the sampling period and Fig.13 shows the contribution of aerosol species to PM 10 concentrations. The seasonal variations of metallic elements revealed that elements of mainly natural origin peak during spring, associated with natural processes such as wind flow (Sahara dust transport), whereas elements associated with human activities peak during winter, due to domestic heating, traffic-related and industrial emissions. The organic to elemental carbon ratio indicates that the organic carbon is mostly primary and that the elemental part is strongly linked to traffic. During winter additional sources like household heating contribute to the total carbon loadings. The water-soluble organic to organic carbon ratio is characteristic for an urban area, demonstrating a higher ratio in the summertime, mostly due to the large fraction of secondary (oxidized and more soluble) organic species.
Air Pollution in Mega Cities: A Case Study of Istanbul 103 Fig. 12. Temporal distribution of major aerosol components in Istanbul (Theodosi et al., 2010). Fig. 13. Annual relative contribution of aerosol species to PM 10 mass (Theodosi et al., 2010).
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Air Pollution in Mega Cities: A Case Study of Istanbul 103<br />
Fig. 12. Temporal distribution of major aerosol components in Istanbul (Theodosi et al., 2010).<br />
Fig. 13. Annual relative contribution of aerosol species to PM 10 mass (Theodosi et al., 2010).
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