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priređena izložba restauriranih dela sa pratećom dokumentacijom.Sve ove aktivnosti još su bazirane na inicijativi i entuzijazmupojedinaca, ali im je u Strateškom planuodređena uloga programiranih aktivnosti u okviru projektaPlan profesionalne edukacije. Teme su definisanepo godinama, u kojima se etapno realizuje ovaj strateškidokument.Muzeji na taj način dobijaju (i ostvaruju) šansu darazviju aktivnu stručnu i naučnu delatnost, da stvoreoptimalan tim koji će biti spreman da povuče napred, dapodigne nivo struke i animira kolege. Ukoliko sve to budedokumentovano i prezentovano, eto ‘primera dobreprakse’ koju treba podržati i razvijati.Miljković Simonida, Muzej Makedonije, SkopljeEdukativna funkcija muzejaNaziv muzej potiče od grčke reči (muzeion) što značihram muza, odnosno naziv institucije u kojoj se čuvao,proučavao i izlagao muzejski materijal, hronološkiili tematski, različitih naučnih disciplina. Među najstarijimmuzejima smatra se galerija slika Pinoteka u Atiniiz 5. veka p.n.e. U gradu Aleksandriji Ptolomej II izgradioje veliku palatu od mermera «muzeion», gde su održavnom trošku živeli i radili naučnici i umetnici. Poredprostorija za smeštaj i sale za predavanja nalazila sei velika Aleksandrijska biblioteka.U starom Rimu, Vizantiji i srednjem veku nisu postojalimuzeji u današnjem smislu reči, već su to bile arheološkei umetničke zbirke, u vlasništvu vladara i verskihvelikodostojnika. One su bile čuvane u crkvenim riznicamaili palatama vladara.Posle Francuske buržoaske revolucije (1789.) muzejipočinju da se otvaraju za javnost, a u XX veku veći brojnjih dobija svoje zgrade, osposobljene za muzejsku namenu.Danas su muzeji institucije u službi društva i njegovograzvoja i otvorene za javnost.Njihove zadatke možemo podeliti i definisati kao:- Skupljanje i zaštita predmeta materijalne i duhovnekulture;- Naučno muzeološka obrada i klasifikacija predmeta;i- Edukativna funkcijaMuzeji svoje zadatke skupljanja, zaštite, stručnog inaučnog proučavanja predmeta završavaju i njihovomprezentacijom posetiocima muzeja. Tako smo i došli i doonog zadatka muzeja što je predmet našeg interesovanja,a to su njegove edukativne funkcije. Ukratko, muzejiimaju zadatak da proširuju svoju edukativnu funkciju,privlačeći što veći broj posetilaca raznih profila i uzrasta.Oni treba posetiocima da ponude mogućnost dabudu na neki način uključeni u muzeje, dajući podrškunjihovim ciljevima i aktivnostima. Interakcija sa svojompublikom je deo ostvarivanja edukativne uloge muzeja.Za ostvarivanje ovog zadatka potrebni su specijaliziranikadrovi.Postavlja se pitanje: Kolike su edukativne mogućnostimuzeja?Raznovrsnost muzejskog materijala poboljšava i zadovoljavaznatiželju posetilaca, njihovih emocionalnih ikulturnih doživljaja, takođe je edukacija u širem smislute reči. Široke su mogućnosti za primenu muzejskog materijala.Da bi realizovao edukativnu funkciju muzeji treba:- da budu, kao institucije, uredne i organizovane, pofunkciji na relaciji eksponat-ambient, po hronološkistručnoj preglednosti, jednostavnosti, estetičthethird group (summer semester 2004/2005), all therestored works will be exhibited with apropriate documentationAll these activities are based on the initiatives andenthusiasm of individuals, but the Strategic Plan has alsogiven them a role of programmed activities within aproject entitled ‘The Plan of Professional Education”.The subjects are organized by years planned <strong>for</strong> the realizationof this document.Museums in this way gain (and use) the chance todevelop an active professional and scientific activity, tocreate a best possible team ready to make a step <strong>for</strong>ward,to raise the level of competency and to animatecolleagues. If all this can be documented and presented,there is an example of good practice that has to be supportedand continuously developed.Simonida MiljkovićMuseum of Macedonia, SkopjeEducational role of museumsThe word museum originates from the Greek wordmuseion, meaning “temple of muses”, or an institutionthat safekeeps, researches and exhibits museummaterial, belonging to scientific disciplines varying insubject or chronological order. The Pinacotheca in Athens,the 5 th century B.C. is considered one of the firstmuseums in the history. Ptolemy II built in Alexandria ahuge marble palace called museion, where scientistsand artists lived sustained by the state. Beside theapartments, it housed lecture rooms and the great AlexandrianLibrary.In ancient Rome, Byzantium and Middle Ages, museumsin the modern sense still did not exist. There werearchaeological and art collections in possession of rulersand clerics, kept in church treasuries and royal palaces.After the French Revolution (1789), museums startedopening towards public and in the 20 th century, many ofthem got intended, modern buildings.Today, museums are institutions in service of societyand its progress, and are accessible to the public.Their tasks can be divided into:- Collecting and protection of tangible and intangiblecultural heritage;- Scientific-museological research and classificationof objects;- Educational roleThe tasks of collecting, protecting and scientific researchesend in their presentation to museum visitors.That is how we reached the very task we are interestedin – museum education. Museums have a task of wideningtheir educational role through the means of attractingas many visitors of different categories and age asthey can. They should offer visitors a possibility of being,in a way, involved, giving support to museum’s objectivesand activities. Interaction with their public ispart of museums educational role. For this role to be accomplished,specialized personnel are necessary.The question is: What are the educational capabilitiesof a museum?Diversity of museum objects satisfies the curiosity ofvisitors, their emotional and cultural experience, andthat is what we call education in broader sense. Thereare many possibilities <strong>for</strong> use of museum objects.In order to accomplish educational role, a museumshould:- be organized and structured institution, achieving77

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