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Gojka Pajagič-Bregar, Narodni muzej SlovenijePIXE metoda za analiziranjedrevnog tekstila iz grobnicaZa izložbu «Theatrum vitae et mortis humanae« -Prizorišče človeškega življenja in smrti ( Podobe iz17. stoletja na Slovenskem), koja je održana 2002. godine,u Narodnom muzeju Slovenije 1 konzervirali smo višetekstilnih artefakata, između ostalog i fragmenat takozvaneValvazorove čipke.Čipka (veličine 5,3 – 6 cm x 11,3 cm) pronađena je uArhivu Slovenije, prilikom istraživanja materijala zaimenovanu izložbu, u privatnom arhivu Petra von Radicsa(fascikl 8). On je delovao u 19. stoleću i između ostalogistraživao je Valvazorov život i rad. Čipka je bilaspremljena u plavoj koverti na kojoj je pisalo da se radio čipki iz Valvazorove grobnice, iz dvorca Medije. Prilikomotvaranja grobnice, u 19. stoleću, pronašli su čipkui još neke predmete, koji su se nažalost kasnije izgubili.Radi se o klekanoj čipki.To je tehnika prekrštavanja,sukanja i premetavanja najmanje dve, a po pravilu višeniti, od kojih je svaka namotana na svoj batić/klekalj -posebno oblikovani drveni kalem.Klekana čipka sa cvetnim motivima krizanteme, posvemu sudeći, potiće iz Mechelena, u Belgiji. Čipka je uizuzetno fragilnom stanju. To su uzrokovali ekstremniklimatsko i biološko - hemijski uvjeti u grobnici, teagresivnost železotaninske boje. Mikroskopske analizesu pokazale, da se radi o svilenoj niti. 2 Prilikom posmatranjauzdužnog izgleda vlakna pokazalo se da je vlaknoravno, glatko i bez posebnih odlika, te karakterističnoza svilenu nit.Gojka Pajagič- Bregar, National Museum of SloveniaPIXE method for analyzingancient textile from tombsDa bismo potvrdili rezultate,čipku smo dodatno analizirali naInstitutu za tehnologiju i grafičnu tehnologijui dizajn, koji deluje u okviru Tekstilnog fakulteta uLjubljani, upotrebivši hemijski reagens jod – jodhlor.Mikrohemijska reakcija je rezultirala tako, da su sesvilena vlakna obojila žuto. Analiza je i kod mikroskopiranjarastarskim elektronskim mikroskopom (SEM)potvrdila, da se radi o svilenoj niti. 3 Iz sačuvanog gradiva,a i iz arhiva poznato nam je, da su čipke bile rađenevećinom od lana, i bijele boje, ređe od svile i crneboje, a braon skoro nikako. Valvazor, polihistor i velikium slovenačke istorije, po svom ugledu i društvenom1 Tom prilikom izdali smo knjigu rasprava:Theatrum vitae etmortis humanae –Prizorišče človekovega življenja in smrti i katalogTheatrum vitae et mortis humanae – Prizorišče človeškega življenjain smrti2 Mikroskopsku analizu čipke na optičkom mikroskopu uradilaje mg Gojka Pajagič Bregar, Narodni muzej Slovenija3 Analize su radili dr Urša Stankovič Elesini i inž. JanaRozman, Inštitut za tehnologijo in grafično tehnologijo ter oblikovanje,Oddelek za tekstilstvo, Naravoslovnotehniška fakulteta,Ljubljana146For the purpose of display at the “Theatrum vitae etmortis humanae” –Theatre of Human Life and Death,which took place in the National Museum of Slovenia1 in 2002, we were engaged to conserve several textileartifacts, among other, a fragment of the so-calledValvazor’s lace.The lace (5.3 – 6 cm wide and 11.3 cm long) wasfound in the Archive of Slovenia, while investigatingmaterial for the mentioned exhibition, in the private archiveof Petar von Radics (folder no. 8). He was a 19 thcentury scientist, doing research on Valvazor’s life andwork, among other things. The lace was kept in a blueenvelope, with a note saying it was a lace from Valvazor’stomb, from Media castle. The lace was found in the19 th century, together with other objects when the tombwas opened but unfortunately they were lost afterwards.It is a crocheted lace piece. Various techniques wereapplied in its production, threads transposing, spinningand warping at least of two, but normally of severalthreads wound around crocheting needles, in the formof specially modelled wooden spindles.This pillow lace with bobbins and chrysanthemumdecoration apparently originates from Mechelen, Belgium.The lace is extremely fragile, due to extreme climateand biological-chemical conditionsin the tomb, and the aggressiveness of irontannindye. Microscopic analyses showed that it wasmade of silk thread 2 . The visual investigation of thethread led to a conclusion that the tread is flat, smoothand without special characteristics, which is typical ofa silk thread.In order to confirm the results, the lace was additionallyanalyzed at the Institute of Technology, GraphicalTechnology and Design, which functions as part of theFaculty of Textiles in Ljubljana, using iodine – iodinechlorineas the chemical reaction agent. The micro chemicalresult was yellow colour of the silk threads. TheSEM (Scanning electronic microscope) analysis alsoconfirmed this result 3 .1 On this occasion, a book of papers “Theatrum vitae et mortishumanae – Prizorišče človekovega življenja in smrti», as well as thecatalogue «Theatrum vitae et mortis humanae – Prizoriščečloveškega življenja in smrti» were published.2 The microscopic analysis of the lace by optical microscope wasdone by Gojka Pajagič Bregar, M.A, the National Museum ofSlovenia3 The analyses were carried out by Urša Stankovič Elesini, D.Sc., and Jana Rozman, of the Institute of Technology, GraphicalTechnology and Design, Department of Textile, the Faculty ofScience and Technology in Ljubljana