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Zapaljene freske manastira HilandaraNa teritoriji Grčke, u Svetoj Gori Atoskoj, nalazi sedrevni manastir Hilandar, Dom Presvete Bogorodice”,iz kraja XII veka. Ktitori manastira Hilandar, oko 1198.godine, bili srpski veliki župan Stefan Nemanja, koji sezamonašio dobivši ime Simeon, i njegov sin, mladi princRastko, koji se, „ostavivši carstvo ovog sveta”, zamonašiopod imenom Sava; posle njihove smrti crkva manastiraHilandara naziva se”Dom prepodobnog Simeona isvetitelja Save”. Hilandar je duhovni centar Nemanjićai srpskog naroda.U XIV veku, manastir svete Bogorodice, obnovio iproširio srpski kralj Milutin. Potom su i ostali vladariNemanjići, bili darežljivi ktitori kao: srpski kralj StefanDečanski i njegov sin kralj i car Stefan Dušan-Silni,srpski knez Lazar i njegov sin despot Stefan Lazarević,despot Đurađ Branković i mnogobrojna srpska vlastelai obični priložnici.U noći oko jedan sat, između 3. i 4. marta, 2004. godine,požar je zahvatio je deo konaka i crkava i kapelamanastira Hilandara. Vatrena stihija zahvatila je severozapadnideo konaka (1821), igumenariju, dohiju, gostoprimnicuka glavnoj ulaznoj kapiji manastira. Potomse raširio na „Beli konak” (1598) i uništio sve dovelikog pirga svetog Save (sl. 2, pre požara). Navodimsamo nekoliko primera fresaka stradalih od požara irušenja nastalog zbog izgorelih drevnih drvenih greda ito:1. Crkva Svetog Save Srpskog i Svetog DimitrijaCrkva je sagrađena zajedno sa stambenim monaškimkelijama posle požara 1778.-1779. godine, u kome jebio izgoreo stariji konak iz 1639.-1640. godine. Nalazi sena zapadnoj strani manastirske porte. U okviru zidanogkonaka postoje dve crkve i to: svetog Save Srpskog, kojaima kupolu i nalazi se iznad crkve svetog Dimitrija,sa kojim je podignuta istovremeno. Postojalo jenekoliko dragocenih ciklusa iz “Života svetog Save Srpskog”i ciklus iz “Života svetog Dimitrija Solunskog”,patrona hramova. Pored izgorelih fresaka, mnoge freskesu propale od rušenja, zatrpane u šutu. Neke freske visepotklobučene u vidu „čaršava”, obrušavaju se i izloženesu atmosferalijama (velike dnevne temperature ili hladroyalfamily lands and Serbian people.The Hilandar monastery of Virgin Mary was reconstructedand enlarged in the 14 th century by the Serbianking Milutin. Serbian kings coming to the throne afterMilutin were also generous, among them king StefanDečanski and his son, king and emperor Stefan Dušanthe Great, duke Lazar and his son despot Stefan Lazarević,despot Đurađ Branković, many Serbian aristocratsand other donors.In the night between 3 rd and 4 th March 2004, around1 a.m. a part of the dormitories, churches and chapels ofthe Hilandar monastery was set on fire 4 . Fire attackednorthwestern part of the dormitories (built in 1821), thehome of the prior, cookhouse, the guesthouse close to themonastery gate. It further attacked the “White Dormitory”(built in 1598) and destroyed everything all theway to the Tower of St. Sava (Fig 2, before fire). I willmention only several examples of the frescoes destroyedin the fire and deconstruction caused by the fire. Theseare:1. The Church of St. Sava and St. DemetriosThe church was built together with monastic cellsafter the fire of 1778/79, when the older dormitory, builtin 1639/40, was destroyed. The church is situated onthe west side of the monastery. Within the hard-builtdormitorythere are two churches: the Church of St. Sava, witha dome, situated above the church of St. Demetrius, builtat the same time. There were several valuable frescocycles presenting “The life of St. Sava” and the cycle of“The life of St. Demetrius of Thessalonica”, the patronsof these churches. Beside of the burnt frescoes, there weremany frescoes destroyed in deconstruction, coveredwith mortar. Some of the frescoes just hang there halfdetachedfrom the wall, falling down, exposed to weatherconditions and climatic changes (high daily temperatures,cold winter nights, rain, wind, snow). I evenfound some old books covered with mortar, once belongingto a monastic cell.At high temperatures, secco-mortar and the paintlayer (painted on dry mortar) resemble stone, becomefragile and, due to fire, paint looses its original colour3. Ulomak freske izgorele u crkvi u zapadnom delu konaka manastira Hilandara.Burnt fresco fragment from the church in the western part of the dormitories of the Hilandar monastery.105