A Look at Amazon Basin Seasonal Dynamics with the Biophysical ...

INFLUÊNCIA DA PRECIPITAÇÃO E DO DESMATAMENTO NA INCIDÊNCIADE MALÁRIA NA REGIÃO DE TUCURUÍ, PARÁVASCONCELOS, C.H.Doutoranda na Universidade de São Paulo (USP)Centro de Recursos Hídricos e Ecologia AplicadaAv. Trabalador Sãocarlense, 400 Centro, 13566-590 São Carlos-SP, Brasilcintia@ltid.inpe.brDRa. NOVO, E.M.L.M.Pesquisadora pelo Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)Av. dos Astronautas, 1578 Jd. da Granja 12227-010, São José dos Campos-SP, Brasilevlyn@ltid.inpe.brDr.CONFALONIERI, U.Pesquisador pela Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/ Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública (Fiocruz/Ensp)Av. Brasil, 4036 Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brasilpmags@ensp.fiocruz.brABSTRACTMalaria is a complex disease that reaches million people around the world, mainly in theAfrican continent, South America and Asia. Transmission of malaria depends on theinteraction between the vector (mosquito Anopheles), the parasite (plasmodium), the hostsand the environment. The risk of malaria infection is determined by the following factors:parasite cycle within the anopheles and its survival time combined with human exposure tothe vector. The life cycle of the malaria parasite and of the mosquito are directly related tomany factors such as precipitation, humidity and temperature. Moreover, there are otherfactors contributing to the increase of disease in the entire world: parasite antimalarial drugresistance; mosquito insecticide resistance; environmental changes (deforestation,construction of dams); climatic changes; migration; population increase and lack of aorganized of health system. For controlling malaria, it will be necessary the development ofefficient vaccine and monitoring system. While scientists do not obtain this vaccine,however, it is necessary to prevent the infection, improving the system for to fighting thevector. The aim of this research is to study the relationship between the incidence ofmalaria in the Tucuruí dam region, Brazilian Amazon, deforestation and precipitation from95 to 97. Deforestation data provided by PRODES-INPE, malaria incidence records fromthe National Foundation of Health, Para Estate and precipitation measurements providedby the National Agency of Electric Power (Aneel) are being used. The expected results isto obtain a positive correlation between deforestation rates and the incidence of malaria,because in the areas of high deforestation there is a increase in migration rates and also theincrease in recent contact man-mosquito which is responsible for the spread in theinfestation rates.Keywords: malaria, deforestation, environmental change, precipitation.