LEGIONELLA - World Health Organization
LEGIONELLA - World Health Organization
LEGIONELLA - World Health Organization
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
Table . R sk factors for Legionella nfect on, by reservo r<br />
Commonly<br />
mpl cated<br />
Legionella<br />
spec es<br />
Modes of<br />
transm ss on<br />
D sease<br />
outbreaks<br />
R sk factors<br />
(env ronmental)<br />
sg = serogroup<br />
Cool ng<br />
water<br />
systems<br />
Predominantly<br />
L. pneumophila<br />
sg 1<br />
Inhalation<br />
of aerosol<br />
Rapid onset<br />
over wide<br />
area, resolve<br />
within incubation<br />
period<br />
Proximity of<br />
population,<br />
seasonal/<br />
climatic<br />
conditions,<br />
intermittent<br />
use, poor<br />
maintenance,<br />
poor design<br />
Hot and<br />
cold-water<br />
systems<br />
L. pneumophila<br />
sg 1, 2, 4,<br />
6, 12,<br />
L. micdadei,<br />
L. bozemanii,<br />
L. feeleii and<br />
others<br />
Inhalation<br />
of aerosol,<br />
aspiration<br />
Low numbers<br />
of cases over<br />
prolonged<br />
periods<br />
Complex<br />
water systems,<br />
long pipe runs,<br />
poor temperature<br />
control,<br />
low flow rates/<br />
stagnation<br />
Hot tubs<br />
Natural<br />
spa pools<br />
Thermal<br />
spr ngs<br />
L. pneumophila<br />
sg 1,<br />
L. micdadei,<br />
L. gormanii,<br />
L. anisa<br />
Inhalation<br />
of aerosol,<br />
possible<br />
aspiration<br />
Rapid onset<br />
confined to<br />
users and<br />
those in close<br />
proximity<br />
Poor<br />
maintenance,<br />
stagnant<br />
areas in<br />
system<br />
<strong>LEGIONELLA</strong> AND THE PREVENTION OF LEGIONELLOSIS<br />
Hum d f ers<br />
Resp ratory<br />
equ pment<br />
L. pneumophila<br />
sg 1, 3, and<br />
others,<br />
Inhalation<br />
of aerosol<br />
Low numbers<br />
over prolonged<br />
periods. Rapid<br />
onset confined<br />
to users and<br />
those in close<br />
proximity<br />
Use of nonsterile<br />
water,<br />
poor maintenance/cleaning,<br />
operation at<br />
temperatures<br />
conducive<br />
to Legionella<br />
growth<br />
Pott ng<br />
m xes<br />
Compost<br />
Exclusively<br />
L. longbeachae<br />
Not known<br />
Low numbers<br />
of cases over<br />
prolonged<br />
periods<br />
Seasonal<br />
(spring and<br />
autumn),<br />
use of potting<br />
mixes/compost,<br />
gardening<br />
1.2.3 Sporadic cases of pneumonia<br />
Sporadic cases are isolated or unique cases. Severe Legionella infections have occurred among<br />
previously healthy people, including young people without underlying disease, and those<br />
without other known risk factors (Falguera et al., 2001). The role of Legionella in causing an<br />
acute increase in the severity of symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is unclear<br />
(Ewig, 2002).
Change language