OCIO Y OCIOS DU LOISIR AUX LOISIRS (ESPAGNE XVIIIe – XXe SIÈCLES)

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Centre de Recherche sur l’Espagne Contemporaine39Artemio BAIGORRI, Ramón FERNÁNDEZ, GIESyT, Botellón, un conflicto postmoderno, IcariaEditorial, Barcelone, 2004.Kevin BRAIN, Youth, Alcohol, and the emergence of the Post-Modern alcohol order, Ocasional Papersn°1, Institute of Alcohol Studies, Londres, 2000.A. PEINADO, F. PEREÑA et alii, La cultura del alcohol entre los jóvenes de la Comunidad de Madrid,Documentos Técnicos de Salud Pública n° 9, Comunidad de Madrid, Consejería de Salud, 1992.Sites Internethttp://www.vallecas.org/entidades/WEBabierto.htm (portail Internet de la Asociación Juvenil “Abiertohasta el amanecer”)http://www.ruido.info/albacete/2001/dossier_botellon_01.htm (dossier de l’associationAlbacete contra el ruido consacré au botellón)http://www.ruidos.org/Prensa/index.html (site regroupant les articles en ligne concernant le bruit)http://www.peacram.com/default.asp?404;http://www.peacram.com/formatea.asp (site de laPlataforma contra el ruido)http://boards1.melodysoft.com/app?ID=Elbarencasa (forum consacré au botellón)http://www.pintoweb.com (forum dont une partie est consacrée au botellón)http://piponet.eresmas.com/index.html (site humoristique consacré au botellón)http://www.yihad.es.vg/ (site humoristique de la Yihad Alcohólica)http://www.lacroqueta.com/textos/?id=343 (manifeste pro-botellón)http://www.lipasam.es/ (site de l’entreprise sévillane de nettoyage public)ISSN 1773-0023
40DU LOISIR AUX LOISIRS (ESPAGNE XVIIIe – XXe SIÈCLESLE FOOTBALL : LE LOISIR PAR EXCELLENCE DESESPAGNOLS SOUS LE FRANQUISME(1939 – début des années soixante)Jean-Stéphane DURAN FROIX,CRECSi la popularidad del fútbol no deja de afianzarse entre los españoles, a partir de 1939, no seconvierte verdaderamente en ocio de masas, hasta finales de los años cincuenta y principios de lossesenta. Sin embargo, los tipos de práctica al que da lugar y el tiempo que se le consagra separa la élitedel resto de la sociedad. No por ello deja de ser el ocio de los españoles por excelencia, hasta el puntode desbancar entonces a los toros de su puesto de primer espectáculo nacional. Gracias a esta inmensapopularidad, el fútbol, contrariamente a lo que ciertos autores han avanzado, nunca llegó a serrealmente manipulado por el régimen. Lo que no quiere decir que algunos dirigentes, en algunosmomentos, no lo intentasen.The popularity of soccer steadily grew in Spanish society since 1939, but it is not until the end of the50s and the beginning of the 60s when it really became a passtime of the mass. Althought the time spentto it and the kinds of practice it generated differed greatly between the elite and the rest of the society, itstill became the favourite passtime of the Spanish people by excellence. It even took away the position ofbullfights as the main national entertainment. Thanks to its inmense popularity, and contrary to whatother authors have implied, it was never really manipulated by the Regime. This does not mean thatcertain leaders, at certain times, did not try to do it.A partir de 1939, la popularité du football n’a cessé de croître en Espagne, au pointde devenir, au cours des années soixante, une véritable «drogue sociale 1 », pour les uns,la plus importante manifestation de la «culture d’évasion 2 », pour les autres.Tendancieuses ou pas, ces deux interprétations n’expliquent pas comment s’est bâti lesuccès de cette activité, ni l’ampleur qu’elle a prise dans la vie du pays. Au niveau1 Expression utilisée par le premier ministre socialiste de la Culture du post-franquisme, Javier Solana.2 Concept forgé par les historiens Raymond Carr et Juan Pablo Fusi, in Raymond CARR et Juan PabloFUSI, Spain: Dictatorship to democracy, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1980, p. 118.ISSN 1773-0023
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OCIO Y OCIOS DU LOISIR AUX LOISIRS (ESPAGNE XVIIIe – XXe SIÈCLES)

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