Normal Range Values for WVDL Toxicology

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Normal Range Values for WVDL ToxicologyAnalyte Tissue Animal Deficient Marginal Normal High Toxic CommentCopper Serum Cervid 0.8-1.5Copper Serum Equine 0.06-0.8 0.65-2Copper Serum Feline 0.4-0.5 0.6-1.4Copper Serum Lapine 2-2.4Copper Serum Llama 0.12-0.57 0.4-0.9 2-5.7Copper Serum Mustaline 0.54-0.75 0.6-0.8Copper Serum Ovine 0.1-1 0.4-1 0.7-2 1-5 3.3-20Copper Serum Porcine 0.09-0.4 0.4-1.5 1.3-3 1.7-3 4.5-77Copper (dry weight) Feed Bovine 10-25Copper (dry weight) Feed Ovine 5-10IgG (mg/dL) Serum Bovine < 800 800-1600 > 1600IgG (mg/dL) Serum Equine < 200 200-800 < 800Iron Kidney Avian 45-100 >200?Iron Kidney Bovine 30-150 >100Iron Kidney Camelid 46-150Iron Kidney Canine 75-260Iron Kidney Caprine 50-100Iron Kidney Cervid 45-90Iron Kidney Equine 35-150 138-340Iron Kidney Feline 45-80Iron Kidney Ovine 30-200Iron Kidney Porcine 50-100Iron Kidney Ursine 66-150Iron Liver Avian 30-35 35-40 60-300 300-2000 > 8000Iron Liver Bovine < 30 45-300 53-700 900-1700Iron Liver Camelid 70-200Iron Liver Canine 20-60 100-300 500-1125 >500Iron Liver Caprine 50-130Iron Liver Cervid 40-90Iron Liver Equine 40-60 100-300 600-1000Iron Liver Feline 85-250Iron Liver Ovine 30-300Dry Weight. 15 ug/g preventsdrop in maternal liver levelsat parturation Cu:Mo ratiominimum 3:1, 6-10:1 ideal.10-20 mg/ewe/day. If Mo0.05-1.0 ug/g, Cu:Mo ratioshould be 2-20:1
Normal Range Values for WVDL ToxicologyAnalyte Tissue Animal Deficient Marginal Normal High Toxic CommentIron Liver Porcine 100-200 >400Iron Liver Ursine 65-800Iron Serum Avian 1.6-3Iron Serum Bovine 0.15-1.3 1.3-2.5 4-6 18-25Iron Serum Camelid 0.7-2.2Iron Serum Canine < 0.95 0.94-1.22 > 2Iron Serum Caprine 1.1-2.3Iron Serum Cervid 1.5-2.8Iron Serum Equine < 0.73 0.84-2.6 4.3-24Iron Serum Feline 0.68-2.2Iron Serum Ovine < 1.6 1.7-2.2Iron Serum Porcine < 0.8 1-1.5Iron Serum TIBC Bovine 3-5.5Iron Serum TIBC Porcine 2-5Lead Blood Avian 0.02-0.2 > 0.6 1-30Lead Blood Bovine 0.01-0.2 0.3-0.4 0.35-32Lead Blood Canine 0.01-0.1 0.3-0.8 0.6-7.4Lead Blood Caprine < 0.2 0.5-0.9 > 0.9Lead Blood Equine 0.04-0.25 0.3-0.6 0.33-2.5Lead Blood Feline < 0.1 0.7 > 1Lead Blood Lapine 0.02-0.3 0.3-1.4Lead Blood Ovine 0.02-0.25 0.7-0.9 5-JanLead Blood Porcine 0.04-0.1 0.3-3 > 1.2Lead Brain Bovine 0.05-0.1 0.3-0.9 0.7-1.4Lead Kidney Avian 0.1-1 1-12 8-1600Lead Kidney Bovine 0.2-2 3-20 5-700Lead Kidney Camelid 10Lead Kidney Cervid 10Lead Kidney Ovine 0.1-0.8 5-100 5-200Kids are born with low Fereserves in the liver andreceive little from milk.Goats are more resistant tolead toxicity than cattle.Goats are more resistant tolead toxicity than cattle.
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Normal Range Values for WVDL Toxicology

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