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Curriculum Content: Statute §28.002 (2003) and TAC §74.1 (2004) requires each school districtoffering K-12 to mandate a physical education curriculum. TAC §116.1 to §116.52 (1998)describe the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Physical Education.Physical Fitness Assessment: None.Asthma Awareness EducationNot specifically required.Emotional, Social, and Mental Health EducationThe Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Health Education recommends personal andinterpersonal skills be taught, including healthy expression of emotions and self-control ingrades 1-12. Stress management skills and the various aspects of mental and social health arerecommended for grades 3-10.Character Education: Statute §29.906 (2003) allows school districts to provide charactereducation programs, stressing positive character traits, using integrated teaching strategies.Teaching specific religious or political beliefs are not authorized.Nutrition EducationEducation Code §38.013 (2003) requires the agency to provide one or more coordinated healthprograms that accounts for health education, physical education and physical activity, nutritionservices and parental involvement in each school district.The Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Health Education recommends instruction innutrition that includes identifying healthy and unhealthy foods, examining food labels, andhealthy and unhealthy dietary practices be taught in grades K-6.Tobacco Use Prevention EducationTobacco use prevention education is recommended, not required. Texas Essential Knowledgeand Skills for Health Education includes this topic throughout.• STAFFRequirements for All Educators (regarding Health Topics)Professional Development: The state does not require teachers to participate in professionaldevelopment covering health education or violence prevention topics.Requirements for Health EducatorsPre-service Requirement: The minimum requirement for prospective health teachers inelementary, middle and high school grades prior to licensure is a bachelor’s degree, with anacademic major; however, health coursework is not specified. The specific details of initiallicensure are outlined in Statute §21.050 (2001).Professional Development: The state does not require health education teachers to participatein on-going professional development covering health education topics.Requirements for Physical EducatorsPre-service Requirement: None specified.Professional Development: None specified.E-95
Requirements for School NursesPre-service Requirement: Statute §21.003 (1995) requires a school nurse to be certified by theproper state agency.Professional Development: None specified.Student-to-Nurse Ratio: None specified.Requirements for Non-Certified Personnel to Administer MedicationPre-service Requirement: None specified.Professional Development: None specified.Requirements for School CounselorsPre-service Requirement: Statute §21.003 (1995) requires a school counselor to be certified bythe state. TAC §230.307 (2000) requires a minimum of a bachelor’s degree. A school counselormust also have coursework as follows: at least three semester hours covering guidanceprogramming, six semester hours covering serviced pupils, and 21 semester hours in resourceareas as part of a planned individual program detailed in TAC §239.15 (2001). A counselor isalso required to have a valid professional teaching certificate and three creditable years ofclassroom teaching experience. TAC §230.315 (2000) requires special education counselors tohave an additional six credit hours of courses in education for exceptional children.Professional Development: TAC §239.15 (2001) requires that mandated school counselorcontinuing professional education activities follow the foundation laid forth in detail within thisstatute. TAC §239.25 (2001) requires 150 hours of continuing professional education to becompleted during the first 5 year renewal period.Student-to-Counselor Ratio: Statute §33.002 (2003) requires school districts, which receivecertain funding for programs, provide at least 1 counselor for every 500 students at theelementary level. Those school districts with fewer than 500 students at the elementary levelmust provide a part-time counselor.Requirements for School PsychologistsPre-service Requirement: Statute §21.003 (1995) requires a school psychologist to be certifiedby the proper state agency.Professional Development: None specified.Student-to-Psychologist Ratio: None specified.Requirements for School Social WorkersPre-service Requirement: Statute §21.003 (1995) requires a school social worker to be certifiedby the proper state agency.Professional Development: None specified.Student-to-Social Worker Ratio: None specified.Requirements for Food Service PersonnelPre-service Requirement: None specified.Professional Development: None specified.Requirements for Athletic CoachesPre-service Requirement: None specified.Professional Development: None specified.E-96
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Appendix ATask Force Members and St
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Hector Balcazar, Ph.D.Regional Dean
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Charles Haley, M.D., M.S.Medical Di
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Michael McKinney, M.D.Senior Execut
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M. Roy Wilson, M.D.PresidentTexas T
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Appendix BMedicaid and the State Ch
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services. There are two broad types
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Mandatory and Optional Covered Popu
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• Nurse-midwife services;• Fede
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Disproportionate Share Hospital Pro
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March 13, 2001, that limited the am
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year from FFY 2002-2004, $4.05 bill
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Medicaid beneficiaries. Section 191
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started in 2001 and 2002 to curb in
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urban and with fewer than 250,000 p
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Protection Act of 2000 and the Medi
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orientation). Recipients of Supplem
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enrollee is assigned a primary care
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Table 7. Texas Medicaid Policy Chan
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Table 8. Texas SCHIP Policy Changes
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families (through the employer’s
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share of the match must come from t
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Reinstating the Medically Needy Spe
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Endnotes1 Texas Health and Human Se
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35 Powers, Pyles, Sutter, and Vervi
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73 Office of Management and Budget,
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113 TexCare, Children’s Health In
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150 Lyndon B. Johnson School of Pub
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States by Groupings with Current El
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Medicaid and the State Children’s
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Graduate Medical Education ProgramA
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needs, however, there is a shortage
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15 Texas Association of Counties,
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ecording and evaluation; physical e
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Medicaid and the State Children’s
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ReferencesAmerican Academy of Pedia
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downloads/bipa.pdf#search='Medicare
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Texas Health and Human Services Com
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Appendix CAn Analysis of Reform Opt
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Encouraged by these low rates, Cong
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Establishing state-only tax incenti
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New York passed the Health Care Ref
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Hospital Cost Containment — Maryl
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dollar spent. 237 Texas spent almos
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Another option for small businesses
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• Medical equipment and supplies,
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pay the premiums for Medicaid benef
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Medicaid to children born after Sep
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Bill of Rights or “TABOR”; and
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The federal share for CHP+ is 65 pe
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SCHIP: increased eligibility in CHP
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• Medical equipment and supplies
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6. Funds obtained through the recov
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Status ReportMaineCare Program Expa
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the federal poverty level. 404 Sinc
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need their jobs as a source of empl
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Endnotes191 Deborah Chollet, Issue
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225 Ibid.226 Maryland Health Care C
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259 Kaiser Family Foundation, State
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SCHIP&subcategory=Medicaid+Spending
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325 Kaiser Family Foundation, State
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361 State Coverage Initiatives, Sta
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SCHIP&subcategory=SCHIP&topic=Feder
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An Analysis of Reform Options Devel
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ReferencesAdvantage Insurance and F
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Donnell-Kay Foundation. “Amendmen
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Kaiser Family Foundation. Demograph
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State Coverage Initiatives. Profile
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Appendix DLocal Initiatives to Expa
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with more coordinated services that
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FinancingSources of revenue include
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AdministrationThe Health and Hospit
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Until 1993, Denver Health (DH) was
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different benefit plans are offered
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Cost SharingPatient cost-sharing is
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management programs. I-Care promote
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the county indigent care plan. Bene
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Firstplan xxvi,12Moore County, Mich
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Benefits and ServicesEnrollees can
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EligibilityAs of 2005, enrollment i
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etween $23 and $120 per month. Ther
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Healthcare Accountability Act xxxvi
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Coordination - When health care age
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subsidized initiatives offer exposu
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arriers, two health plans attempted
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xxi Simmons, Sandy Coe, Gionfriddo,
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Table 1 (Continued). Local Care Ini
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Table 2 (Continued). Local Coverage
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Appendix EEducation and Health:A Re
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The human capital approach suggests
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etween standardized test scores (St
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INTRODUCTIONEducation plays a wide
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of children with chronic health con
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Implications. Given the current pre
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DiabetesPrevalence. Diabetes in chi
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Limitations. The cross-sectional de
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chronic lung disease, cystic fibros
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significant differences between tho
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Table 1. Prevalence of Selected Chr
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findings of lower test scores are b
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al (McKewen et al., 1998) report a
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Section 3. School-Based Interventio
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mathematics, science and oral expre
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Table 4. Summary of Research Findin
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etween SES and health is a dose-res
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Self-Rated Health. Evidence accumul
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economic hardship. One of the skill
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Education also improves the stabili
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sex in the expectation of a more pr
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TABLE 6. SUMMARY OF EXPLANATIONS FO
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According to the Census 2000 data,
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Policy Reports Recommendations (Tot
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Section 2. Recommendations on Schoo
Page 230 and 231: Childhood ConditionsSchool-based Pr
Page 232 and 233: Childhood ConditionsDiabetes (n=11)
Page 234 and 235: eduction in reading test scores com
Page 236 and 237: Table 10. Estimates of the Cost of
Page 238 and 239: National Asthma Education and Preve
Page 240 and 241: REFERENCESAck, M., Miller, I., & We
Page 242 and 243: Elo, I. T., & Preston, S. H. (1996)
Page 244 and 245: Kaemingk, K. L., Pasvogel, A. E., G
Page 246 and 247: Miller, D. S., & Miller, T. Q. (199
Page 248 and 249: Ross, C. E., & Wu, C. L. (1996). Ed
Page 250 and 251: Williams, D. R. (1990). Socioeconom
Page 252 and 253: SAMPLE, DESIGN, & INTERVENTIONACHIE
Page 254 and 255: SAMPLE, DESIGN, & INTERVENTIONStudy
Page 268 and 269: SICKLE CELL ANEMIAArmstrong(1996)SA
Page 272 and 273: SAMPLE, DESIGN, & INTERVENTIONSickl
Page 274 and 275: SAMPLE, DESIGN, & INTERVENTIONhemog
Page 278 and 279: SAMPLE, DESIGN, & INTERVENTIONStudy
Page 282 and 283: • HEALTH PROMOTING ENVIRONMENTSch
Page 284 and 285: • COORDINATION/IMPLEMENTATIONCoor
Page 286 and 287: Education and Health: A Review and
Page 288 and 289: Appendix FState Regulation of Healt
Page 290 and 291: coverage they offer. 14 By 2004 onl
Page 292 and 293: poor health may make coverage more
Page 294 and 295: account for most, or even much, of
Page 296 and 297: More active state intervention in t
Page 298 and 299: Table 3 (GAO Appendix IV) shows whi
Page 300 and 301: Appendix GEmergency and Trauma Care
Page 302 and 303: The treatment of shock prior to sur
Page 304 and 305: the EMS needs in rural areas of the
Page 306 and 307: Level IV trauma centers should be a
Page 308 and 309: Table 2. Trends in Trauma Severity,
Page 310 and 311: the hospitals were on diversion or
Page 312 and 313: Representative Delisi was successfu
Page 314 and 315: Mental Health Access ChallengesCare
Page 316 and 317: fhttp://www.techproservices.net/his
Page 318 and 319: oohttp://www.saveourers.org/reports
Page 320 and 321: Appendix HBrief: Consulate ClinicDe
Page 322 and 323: In addition, the roundtable discuss
Page 324 and 325: clinic(s) affiliated with medical s
Page 326 and 327: Appendix ICommon Abbreviations
Page 328 and 329: HMOHRQOLHRSAICF/MRIHCTAIOMISSLBBLIU
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Appendix JPresentersDate/Location:
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Appendix KProvider Taxes: A Differe
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were previously categorized as char
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