DIDM Family Conference

Volume DIDM1 Issue 2 Family ConferenceApril-June 2012Bringing Closer Cooperation among the Investigation Family“Professionalizing the Police Investigators and Detectives” became the dominant key words as theDIDM convened its two-day DIDM Family Conference on June 21 to 22, 2012 at the PNPTS Center for LawEnforcement Studies (CLES) Bldg., Camp Crame, Quezon City. The Family Conference is an annual gathering ofthe 17 Chiefs of Regional Investigation and Detective Management Division (RIDMD), Chiefs, InvestigationOffices of the National Support Units (NSUs), Chiefs, District Investigation and Detective Management Branch(DIDMB, NCRPO), Senior Officers from its operating arms, the PNP Crime Laboratory and CriminalInvestigation Group (CIDG), and Officers and staff of DIDM.PCSUPT CHRISTOPHER ALAXA, EXECUTIVE OFFICER,DIDM welcomed the participants andstressed the objective of the Conferencewhich is aimed to further enhance theinvestigative capability of the PNP aswell as effectively carry out the variousinvestigative activities of DIDM. Hes a i d t h a t t h e d e v e l o p m e n t a n dmaintenance of investigative skills is atthe heart of the PNP with the currentInvestigation Capability EnhancementFramework being implemented by thisDirectorate focusing on human resourcedevelopment, standardization ofsystems and procedures, and facilitiesand equipment development to addresssome of investigative dysfunctionsbecause crime is not within the power ofthe police to suppress crime completely.PCSUPT LAXA expressed hissatisfaction and congratulated theInvestigation Family for the greatcontribution and collaboration they haveextended to DIDM for the past 21 yearsand said that due to the enhancedcriminal investigation course, thetraining dysfunction of 74.46% with noformal training on investigation basedfrom the TNA conducted in CY 2010, hasbeen reduced to 1%. He also shared that interms of crime solution efficiency, we haveimproved significantly in our CCE showing a12.45% increase out of the 37% target for CY2012 and a 10.93% increase out of the 23%target for CY 2012, and to think that it onlycovers five months worth of ouraccomplishments.He also emphasized on the fullutilization of the DIDM website since all thenecessary investigative policies, guidelinesand procedures needed by the investigators inthe field were all accessible and can bedownloaded anytime they want.PDDG EMIL SARMIENTO, theDeputy Chief PNP for Operations inspiredthe Investigation Family with his message towork harder towards the profound realizationof their mandated tasks that is crimeprevention and suppression and stressed thattheir job doesn't end from catching criminalsbut to put more criminals in jail. Hisstatement is loud and clear when he said, “youare not the missing link, but the importantlink being the conduits of our operationalforces on the ground.”PSSUPT ERIC VELASQUEZ, Chief,RAD emphasized on their role as the primemover of investigation. He highlighted hispresentation on the issue of crime reportingreporting system such as the discrepancy ofstatistics between the HPG and DIDM oncarnapping incidents. On the other hand,P S S U P T A G U S T O M O R A L E SMARQUEZ, JR C, SIDD discussed thecontinued on......p.6What's InsideDetective Feedback - An Open Letterto the Investigators……....................... 4Law and Order: Serial RapistDentist Convicted …….........................5AFIS in a Capsule ….................................6Digital Cyber Forensic..............................7SITG's Best Practices:“SITG Estrellado”…............................. 8Forensic Breakthrough:The Power of IBIS ….............................. 10Facial Composite......... ……...................12The Investigator at a Glance – PNP'scrème'de-la creme'............................... 14

April - June 2012Volume 1Issue No. 22STRAIGHT FROM THE INVESTIGATOR’SNOTEBOOKBy: PCSUPT ALEX PAUL I MONTEAGUDO, CESEFormer Officer-in-Charge, DIDMand current Regional Director, PRO12DETECTIVETheI am proud and honored to have been a member of the DIDMfamily at a time when the DIDM rose to the occasion of responding,with flying colors, to the needs of the PNP. But the protocols,programs and projects that were developed and accomplishedwould not have been possible without the support of the rest of theDIDM family. For this I would like to express my sincerestappreciation to all the DIDM personnel and members of theinvestigation family for your utmost dedication and support to theprograms and projects we initiated during my almost two years ofpushing for upgrading the PNP's investigative capability. Thisincludes the publication of this newsletter, The Detective, which wasconceptualized as a means of keeping our investigators and casemanagers abreast of the developments in the field of investigationas well as publishing significant breakthroughs in crime solution.Thank you for your hard work and dedication!I have endeavored to share all that I know and at the same time Ihave also learn from everyone especially from my superior officerswho were my mentors. Indeed, we are all just passing through,sometimes we just harvest what our have predecessors have earlierplanted. Other times, we need to nurture what was already plantedto ensure it will continue to bear fruits.However, we must also sowgood seeds. I believe we have, we did this through the conduct ofsimultaneous CIC training and the launching of e-projects(e-Blotter System, e-Warrant System and e-Rogues Gallery System)so that the next generation will themselves harvest and plant seeds.I am confident that the present crop of Officers and personnel ofDIDM will carry on that task and run the race and will continue toseek opportunities to realize investigative efficiencies. DIDM is wellserved through the tremendous dedication to duty and strong workethic of its personnel, and that is at the heart of each and every oneof us. I am very proud to have been a part of the DIDM Family and forsharing in its vision of an Investigation Office that truly embodiesour dedication to the policing profession of giving justice to whomjustice is due. .Thank you, and God bless you all. To God alone be theglory!EDITORIAL BOARD AND STAFFPCSUPT ALEX PAUL I MONTEAGUDO, CESEEditorial ConsultantEditorial Board:PCSUPT JOSE JORGE E CORPUZ, CEO VIChairmanPCSUPT CHRISTOPHER A LAXA, CSEEVice-ChairmanMembersPSSUPT THERESA ANN B CIDPSSUPT ROSVI C MANULIDPSSUPT ERICSON T VELASQUEZPSSUPT WILLIAM S MACAVINTAPSUPT SOFRONIO O BUMALAYPSUPT MARLOWE Q TORINAPSUPT HENRY Q LIBAYPSUPT RONALDO I FULOPCINSP MELCHOR D AGUSINPCINSP EMMANUEL G VIERNESEditorial Staff:PSSUPT AUGUSTO M MARQUEZ JR, CEO VIEditor-in-ChiefPSUPT EDWIN DL PORTENTOBusiness ManagerNUP Myla B DyManaging EditorPo3 Christian Nolan G LuzonPo2 Joara R BaluyotPo2 Arlene H YapNUP Fe N SaplagioNUP Emmanueliza S de GuzmanNUP Amelia A NideaNUP Reynaldo M de LunaResearchers/StaffThe Detective is the Official QuarterlyNewsletter of Police Investigators withEditorial Office at the Directorate forInvestigation and Detective Management,DIDM Roof deck, NHQ Bldg., CampCrame, Quezon City. Only the EditorialStaff members are authorized to transactbusiness on behalf of the publication.EDITOR'S NOTE:The Editorial Board and Staff welcomecontributions and articles from theinvestigators for succeeding editions. Forinquiries, comments and suggestions,please contact The Editor-in-Chief, at Tel.Nos. (02) 7230401 local 3580, (02)7224091 or email us at:thedetective_didm@yahoo.com,didm_rad@yahoo.com or visit the officialwebsite of didm at:http://didm.pnp.gov.ph/

DETECTIVETheThe Chairman’s MessageBy: PCSUPT JOSE JORGE E CORPUZ, CEO VIDeputy Director, DIDM3April - June 2012Volume 1Issue No. 2elcome to the second edition of our newsletter, The Detective. As a new member of the InvestigationFamily, It is an honor to be part of this Family. I am overwhelmed by the various investigative activitiesWbeing undertaken by DIDM and all of them are very positive. We have just concluded with our FamilyConference where police professionalism through upgrading of investigative capability, enhancement of skills andknowledge were emphasized, which, I should say, is the right thing to do for each and every one of us as we continue toperform our mandated function of crime prevention and crime solution.The purpose of The Detective is to keep our police investigators informed about events and office issues, while alsoinforming them on the crime trends and significant breakthroughs in investigation and arrest. As a testimony of how TheDetective was able to achieve its objective, a letter was received from the Police Investigators of Cagayan PPO, PRO2.Investigative breakthroughs were also highlighted in this edition, in particular the accomplishments of the SITGsworking on heinous and sensational cases. The speedy conviction of a serial dentist rapist was also featured. Currentinvestigative tools such as digital cyber forensic investigation, the use of facial composite, IBIS success stories, AFISamong others were also included.While our focus is to provide information, we also want to give due recognition and opportunity to get to know thePNP's creme'-de-la-crème', we also provided a special space for our fallen heroes, our police officers who sacrificed theirlives in line of duty. The Editorial Board and Staff were indeed overwhelmed by the contributions and reports submittedby our investigators, and we thank you for your continued support to The Detective.The Executive Officer’s ViewpointBy: PCSUPT CHRISTOPHER A LAXA, CSEEEx-O, DIDMs I am writing this note, flashbacks of my junior years as a young police officer came into my mind. Prior to theadvent of modern technology, the police investigators then had a tough job controlling the crime, in fact, we hadvery limited resources and equipment, we lack necessary procedures and policies and lacks the necessaryAinvestigative competency, knowledge and training compared to what our police investigators and detectives have today.Modern technology has really changed the dynamics of crime fighting; crime fighters are now armed with latesttechnology which helps them to nab the criminals in no time. Yes, you are all fortunate to experience the wonders ofmodern technology and its significant contribution in solving crimes through the PNP's continuous upgrading ofinvestigative capability.I am delighted to belong to this “Family,” my Investigation Family, where I served more than 10 years of mystcolorful career life in the police service. And as we reached this 21 century of policing, I could say, you, our policeinvestigators and detectives were all part of these glorious and meaningful years of providing better police service to thecommunity. It has been often said by my predecessors here in DIDM that there are only two (2) basic functions of thepolice force, one, is crime prevention and second, crime solution. Hence, making sense of what investigation is all about;the responsibility rests in our hands as the premier investigative arm of the PNP. Let us then arm ourselves with the bestinvestigative skills, utilize the full potential of the forensic and cyber investigative tools available to help us in thesuccessful prosecution of cases. Let us do our part by effectively implementing the PNP's Anti-Crime Strategiesand strengthening the PNP's role in the Criminal Justice System as a key player in crime prevention and crime solution.

April - June 2012Volume 1 4Issue No. 2DETECTIVETheFEEDBACK from our Police Investigators..An Open Letter to Police Investigators, Cagayan PPO, PRO2By: PSSUPT AUGUSTO M MARQUEZ, JRChief, School for Investigation and Detective DevelopmentIn behalf of the Editorial Board and Staff of The Detective, weappreciate your letter and welcome your request with utmost gratituderegarding the conversion of the training programs being offered by theSchool for Investigation and Detective Development (SIDD) to becomemandatory courses eligible as promotional requisites and for budgetaryconsiderations in the actual conduct of investigation.At present, allow us to briefly describe our platform of actionsbeing undertaken. Just a few months back, we have reviewed the Missionand Functions of the SIDD that lead to its recent overhauling. If you haveread the previous issue of The Detective, the Mission Statement, whichpoints directly to your concerns, describes the two (2) main goals of theSIDD, to reiterate:· To professionalize the PNP investigation anddetective force nationwide; and· To set a rewarding career path for PNP investigators anddetectives.The re-engineering of SIDD Mission and Functions entailsvaried initiatives some of which were already implemented. These actionsincluded the physical refurbishment of the classrooms and facilities of theSIDD; the recent enhancement of the Program of Instructions (POI) of theInvestigation Officers Basic Course (IOBC) being conducted at presstime; the subsequent improvements on the POI of the Police DetectiveCourse (PDC) intended for PNCOs who have undertaken the CIC orequivalent courses with corresponding field experiences; the on-goingconstruction of the Crime Scene Plaza; and in the offing, the CaseManagement Officers Course (CMOC) being crafted for the“transformational leaders” of the PNP organization.Apart from these developments in progress, there are otherprograms of actions which have been thoroughly considered and areawaiting respective mandates. These concerns encompass yourrespective requests.In parallel to the issues you have raised, we are intending to puta premium on investigation works, such that in the near future, all of youwill have the bragging rights of wearing “The Investigator Badge” or“The Detective Badge”, which would mean a distinguished pride and agreat honor for every policeman. In realization of this goal, the initiativesstated above are now extensively being carried out. Once these coursesare cascaded nationwide, we would be breeding ethical and professionalinvestigators in effect. Consequently, promoting professional growthwould cause the training programs of the SIDD to become mandatorycourses for aspiring investigators and detectives in the PNP. Further, thiswould bring about a rewarding career path for investigators anddetectives, which will soon be realized once the proposed NAPOLCOMResolution entitled, PROFESSIONALIZING THE FIELDINVESTIGATORS OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE (PNP)THROUGH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A CERTIFICATIONPROGRAM FOR POLICE INVESTIGATORS AND DETECTIVES will besigned and approved by NAPOLCOM Commissioners.But just as any other processes, these transformative actionsrequire the essence of time. We recognize the exigency of your proposal as thereality of the national crime situation hounds the efficiency and effectiveresolution of crimes by the PNP as dictated by its mandate.Taking the cue from Albert Einstein, he reminds us that “once youaccept your limits, you go beyond them.” Indeed, there will always behindrances and limitations on the road to progress but these should not stop usdoing our best for the public we swore to serve and to protect.Again, your Investigation Family extends its sincere gratitude forhanding us your proposal and for taking time to write us.

Law & OrderDETECTIVETheAtlas! It must be the sweetest victory for thefemale victims of a serial rapist dentist when JudgeDinnah Aguila-Topacio of the Manila Regional TrialCourt Branch 42, found the accused serial dentistrapist, ALBERT GALANG DELA CRUZ, @ALDRINMALIWAT, 32 years old, guilty for thecrime of robbery with rape when hetook the valuables of a Paco-baseddentist before raping her inside thevictim's clinic on May 26, 2011. Heshall also serve a maximum of 40years in prison (reclusionperpetua without parole) and payhis victim some P193,000 for thevaluables he stole as well as a total ofP105,000 worth of moral andexemplary damages.The judgment comes ata time when the worldcelebrates InternationalWomen's Month in March2012. The conviction finishesthe year-long manhunt by the police detectives andinvestigators at the National Capital Region thatstarted between 2010 and 2011 and involvedprofessional organizations such as the PhilippineDental Association (PDA).The dedicated tracker teams of NCRPOtasked to go after the serial rapist dentist finallyended when they arrested the elusive convict (he wasin fact, has already spent 5 years in jail on robberycharges), in August last year near his home in LasPiñas City. Although DELA CRUZ claimed to have analibi for the times during which the crimes werecommitted, he was positively recognized by two ofhis female victims during the meeting organized byPDIR ALAN LM PURISIMA, RD, NCRPO and PDAOfficials. In fact, Tracker Team Officers vividlyrecalled how the NCRPO Conference Room was filledwith outburst of emotions and outcry when he waspresented to PDA Officials and members of themedia.The so-called serial rapist dentist preyed onwomen dentists before he was caught by the saidTracker Teams. DELA CRUZ was also facing chargesfor having committed sexual crimes against 23 other5April - June 2012Volume 1Issue No. 2Celebrating Women's Month with the Conviction of a Serial Rapist Dentist..serving the best time of his life in jail for 40 yearsFacial Composite of DELA CRUZdentists throughout the Philippines between 2010 and2011. The investigators in NCRPO theorized that DELACRUZ was focusing on dental offices in less-populatedarea and committed his crimes throughout the less busyoccasions. His modus operandi was to pose as a clientand asked for teeth cleaning or filling done. When hesensed that the dentist was alone, he forced hisvictim to comply by poking a hand gun to createhis sufferers compliant.A l s o p r e s e n t d u r i n g t h epromulgation were the other dentists whohad been victimized by the convicted rapist.Some of the victims cried upon hearingJudge Aguila-Topacio's decision. A sigh ofrelief and joy was also felt by members ofthe Tracker Team from NCRPO whopainstakingly worked on the serialrapist dentist case. But the effortundertaken by our police detectives willnot end from this conviction, a lot ofdetective work still needs to be done asPDA Executive Officials expressed fearfor its members since for them, DELA CRUZ is just a “tip ofthe iceberg.” There are still victims who opted tokeep silent for fear of their lives and privacy, there arestill unreported cases of women dentists in the countrywho were being robbed and sexually abused in theirclinics.The investigators from NCRPO expressed theirstrong desire to help the PDA's plight and will not stoptracking down other dentist rapist like DELA CRUZ toensure that they will rot in jail and expect swift deliveryof justice for the victim and the family of the victims.

April - June 2012Volume 1 6Issue No. 2DETECTIVETheAFIS in a Capsulecontinued from page 1important provisions on the SOP on CrimeIncident Recording System. The participantswere also given CIRS Forms which shall bedistributed to all police stations nationwide tobe use in recording incidents on the e-BlotterSystem. He also presented the checklist to beincluded during the conduct of the AGI-ORSITE.LOI MANHUNT CHARLIE, one of the10 Point Action Plan of the C,PNP was alsop r e s e n t e d b y P S S U P T M A C K YMACAVINTA, Chief, CMD, where hestressed the accounting of most wantedpersons and other issues and concerns withregard to their compliances relative to casemonitoring. Discussion on the SOP creatingthe SITGs as well as its proposed amendedversion to correct some provisions such asputting more teeth to the SITGs, strengtheningthe mandate of CIDG as the operating arm onSITGs cases was presented by PSUPTHENRY LIBAY, Head Secretariat, TFUSIG.Counterparts from the National PoliceAgency of Japan (NPAJ) headed byCSUPTAKIHIRO IIRI discussed the AFIS 2Project on enhancing the collection andprocessing of tenprints and latentprints as partof the JICA project of enhancing the capabilityof the PNP. They shared success stories behindAFIS HITS and IBIS where they urged theinvestigators and heads of investigation officesand units to explore the potential of these twoprojects as effective tools in investigation.Other discussions were the variouspolicies and guidelines relative to women andchildren concerns as emphasized by PSSUPTTHERESITA ANN CID, C, WCPC; the prechargeand summary hearing guide as well asreminders on the compliances of the regions asstressed by PSSUPT ROSVI MANULID,CHIEF PCEID. Also discussed are: thedigital and cyber forensic investigation and itspotential; the facial composite illustrationsystem and the firearms informationmanagement system. PCSUPT RICARDO CMARQUEZ, former EX-O, DIDM andDeputy Director, DO, extensively discussedthe PNP PGS PATROL 2030 and the DIDMScorecard and operational dashboard.The Investigation Family was evenhappy to share the dinner/cocktails when theywere joined by no less than PDG NICANOR ABARTOLOME, Chief, PNP and sharedbanter moments with the investigators. TheChief, PNP even told a story behind thepolished and unpolished marble statue, inessence, he said “do not be complacent withyour status if you wanted to be like the polishedmarble stone.” His resounding message isclear: enhance your investigative skills,knowledge and expertise as the PNP'spremier investigative arm.The second day of the FamilyConference also provided an avenue for theinvestigators to discuss issues and concernsthat beset their investigative activities on theground. PSUPT EDWIN DL PORTENTO,Chief, BFO addressed the issues and concernsraised by the investigators, in particular, thetraining fund support, financial support forinvestigative activities and he also presentedthe proposed crime scene investigator's kitwhich shall be distributed to all investigatorsnationwide. Benchmarking on the currentinvestigative policies and procedures were alsodiscussed while presentations were made bythe RIDMDs.PSSUPT MARQUEZ, C, SIDDhighlighted the Conference when he presentedto PDDG ARTURO G CACDAC, JR, TheDeputy Chief PNP for Administration, theInvestigation Family's output incorporating allthe programs, projects and activities he havestarted during his term then as the TDIDMcovering a three-pronged developmentprogram which pave the way for theInvestigation Family to achieved its gloriousheights where several breakthroughs weremade in investigation.PSSUPT MARQUEZ was happy toreport on the successes made in terms ofimplementing the training offered by SIDD andthe WCPC. He further presented the progresson the PNP's e-projects such as the e-BlotterSystem, where 69.09% work stations wereinstalled with e-Blotter system nationwide, atotal of 2, 827 crime registrars were trained,among others. The e-Rogues Gallery and e-Warrant System is now being cascaded in someregions and the publication of The Detective.The investigative systems and procedures havealso been standardized to comply with legallyaccepted procedures so as to drastically reducethe number of cases being dismissed due toinvestigative lapses. While, three (3)investigative manuals had been published and anumber of standard operating procedures hadbeen issued and disseminated. Improvements ininvestigative equipment and infrastructure havealso been pursued such as the operationalizationof the Integrated Ballistic System (IBIS); theFacial Composite had been deployed in allRCLOs nationwide while field investigation kitshave been programmed for procurement for useof our investigators in all police stations as wellas the set-up of our Digital Cyber ForensicLaboratories in the region. The implementationof the AFIS 2 Project, in particular, the collectionand processing of fingerprint and latenprints andfull utilization of AFIS HITS, among others.PDDG CACDAC, was warmlywelcomed by the Investigation Family andacknowledged his valuable contribution as oneof the prime movers of pushing for aprofessional field investigators in the history ofthe PNP. His famous remark of “crime is ahuman aberration cannot be prevented” willalways be remembered by the InvestigationFamily.PCSUPT LAXA, OIC, DIDM alsoshared his deepest appreciation to PDDGCACDAC in behalf of the Investigation Familyand said “your teachings will always dwell inour hearts, what you have told us, to givepremium to investigation and by doing so, weare now adopting a ladderized courses for ouri n v e s t i g a t o r s w h i c h w o u l d f u r t h e rprofessionalize our investigative workforce thatsoon, the investigators and detectives status andprestige will rise.” (mbdy)

DETECTIVEThe7April - June 2012Volume 1Issue No. 2Digital and Cyber Forensic Investigation: A Paradigm Shift for Police InvestigatorsBy: PCINSP FELIZARDO S EUBRA, JR,ATCCD, CIDGDigital Forensic Equipment Grant donated forRDFL Cebu.A good fingerprint at a crime scene isn't alwaysthe smoking gun for solving crimes. Thanks to moderntechnology, crime solving is going digital for the policeinvestigators! It's not only the e-projects being the focusof the PNP's Investigative Capability Program, but cyberand digital forensic as the new tool for effective crimesolution. The PNP's resident and certified cyber crimeinvestigators from the CIDG Anti-Transnational Crimeand Cyber Crime Division under the stewardship of itscyber buster, PSSUPT GILBERT A SOSA stressed thatwhile there will always be a role for traditionalinvestigative techniques, e-crime presents us a newform of business that will require a fundamentalparadigm shift in policing. This paradigm shift was infact the battle cry of the DIDM of shifting away from the“Traditional or Purely Testimony Based” to“Scientific Investigation.”PSSUPT SOSA said that forensic investigationinvolves four processes such as: identification,preservation, analysis and presentation of evidence. Hesaid that e-crime is variable in its manifestations, so it isdifficult to discuss in terms of aggregate incidence andimpact. It involves complex investigation and needscyber and digital expertise. Slowly, we could be at parwith our international counterparts in terms ofinvestigating cyber crimes, he said. The CIDG's DigitalForensic Laboratories and the strategic establishmentof our Regional Digital Forensic Laboratories will helpaddress the needs of our PNP operating units in regionallevel in-terms of cyber crime investigation and digitalevidence examination and analysis. The RDFL has thecapability to response and provide immediate technicalsupport to any PNP operating units with regardspreservation and collection of electronic and digitalevidence in support to any cases investigated in regionallevel. For the period January to June 2012 alone, 209cases were investigated and 1,263 were examined usingBlessing and Inauguration of Regional DigitalForensic Laboratory, PRO 7, Cebu Citythe DFL. Various training and seminar awareness were alsoconducted by the ATCCD as part of its cyber awarenessdrive and training initiative to enhance the skills andknowledge of the investigators. PSSUPT SOSA expressedthat with the renewed commitment and dedication, theATCCD will continue in its role not only as one of the CIDGoperating unit but also as the PNP's “cutting edge” againstcyber crimes.

April - June 2012Volume 1Issue No. 28Background of the CaseRodel Estrellado, a memberof the Bayan Muna-Sorsogon Chapter,was allegedly abducted on February25, 2011 in a basketball court in Brgy.3, Malilipot, Albay. He was then on hisway home after buying food at themarket when he was accosted by four(4) unidentified male persons whointroduced themselves as PDEAagents. He was boarded to a van withplate no.MXN 902 which sped offtowards the direction of Legazpi City.Prior to the abduction, an unidentifiedmale person pretending to be an LBCemployee was looking for Bauma'sresidence (Rodel was married toMarilyn Bauma).At about 1:25 PM of the samedate, Major Danilo Ambe and LtndMariel Bonilla, members of the 42Infantry Brigade (IB), PhilippineArmy (PA) based in Tigaon,Camarines Sur presented the cadaverof Rodel to the Bato MPS, CamarinesSur whom they identified as certain“Elmer Estrellado,” an alleged highrankingofficial of the NPA whom theykilled in an encounter in Brgy.Buluang, Bato, Camarines at about6:30 AM of same date. Bato MPSplaced the cadaver of Rodel at theEstadilla Funeral Homes in Nabua,Camarines Sur for safekeeping. OnFebruary 27, 2011, his cadaver waslocated by his mother Nora Estrellado.Mrs Estrellado confirmed that thecadaver is his son named Rodel andnot Elmer as earlier reported by themilitary.42nd IB’s versionAccording to the military,Rodel was with more or less seven (7)communist terrorists when he waskilled in an encounter by the combinedDETECTIVEThe Rodel Dreo Estrellado case proves that SpecialInvestigation Task Group (SITG) means business inthe conduct of the investigation whoever theperpetrators are. The efforts of the Police Regional Office 5 (PRO 5),particularly SITG “ESTRELLADO” in the successful investigation of this casemade its SITG Commander, PCSUPT VICTOR PELOTA DEONA bagged themuch-coveted Case Manager of the Year Award during the celebration of thestDIDM 21 Founding Anniversary on March 5, 2012.TheTASK FORCE USIGSITG’s Best Practices“Rodel Estrellado Case”By: PSSUPT WILLIAM S MACAVINTA /PSUPT HENRY Q LIBAYndelements of 42 IB, PA led by MajorththAmbe, 97 MICO and 5 ISU in Brgy.Buluang, Bato, Camarines onFebruary 25, 2011, at about 6:30 AM.Allegedly recovered from Rodel werethe following: Colt 1911 caliber .45pistol with serial no.2398051; two (2)ammunition; backpack containing two(2) Improvised Explosive Devices(IEDs); cellular phone and subversivedocuments. The military officers saidintelligence reports averred that Rodelwas the commanding officer of theRegional Headquarters, Bicol RegionalParty Committee and Head of SpecialOperations Group.Activation of SITG ESTRELLADOOn February 28, 2011, PRO 5activated SITG ESTRELLADOheaded by then PSSUPT VICTOR PD E O N A , D R D A , P R O 5 t ospearhead the investigation of thecase.W h e r e i n v e s t i g a t i v etechniques and best practices ininvestigation and detectivemanagement practices pays offThe facial composite of one ofthe abductors (the LBC man) to locatethe house of Rodel was immediatelygenerated. A sketch of the abduction sitewas also prepared to compliment thephotographs taken on the abduction site.Witnesses' accounts and statements onthe abduction of Rodel in Malilipot,Albay and those who claim that therewas actually no armed encounter wereimmediately secured. Coordination wasalso made with the PDEA5, however,PDEA5 stated that they have nooperation whatsoever in Malilipot,Albay.Members of SITG Estrelladoalso coordinated with LBC-Tabaco CityBranch to inquire on the LBC pouch thatmaybe used to locate the residence ofRodel. However, according to theirstaff, the pouch's design is no longerbeing used by their company sinceAugust 2010. They added that saidpouch could have been a subject of acompleted transaction because thedate of the mailing does not appeartherein. Verification was also madewith the LTO-Legazpi City todetermine the owner of the vehicleused in the actual abduction and theother suspicious vehicles noticed theday before and the day of the allegedabduction.Upon receipt of the cadaver ofRodel by the Bato MPS from membersn do f t h e 4 2 I B a n d p r o p e rdocumentation, it was immediatelybrought to the Bato Municipal HealthUnit for the conduct of post-mortemexamination.On February 28, 2011, PNPpersonnel proceeded to the allegedencounter site in Brgy. Buluang, Bato,Camarines Sur and did not find anysign of fire fight in the area.On March 2, 2011, a reautopsyon the cadaver of the victimwas jointly conducted by the medicolegalexperts of the NBI and RCLO5 atthe Oro Funeral Homes in LegazpiCity. The two (2) metallic fragmentsrecovered in the cadaver of Rodelturned out to be from the firearm ofMajor Ambe. A standard post-mortemfingerprint chart was also taken fromthe cadaver for identificationpurposes. When the cadaver wassubjected to paraffin casting it wasfound out that Rodel was negative ofgunpowder nitrates.The alleged encounter sitewhich was only pinpointed by thesoldiers on March 5, 2011 (8 days after

DETECTIVEThe9April - June 2012Volume 1Issue No. 2the alleged encounter) was properlyprocessed by the SOCO personnel. Asketch was made and photographswere also taken. The recoveredempty shells for M16, M14 caliber .45pistol (a total of 87 empty shells) atthe alleged encounter site weres u b j e c t e d t o b a l l i s t i ce x a m i n a t i o n / c r o s s - m a t c h i n gthrough IBIS with the firearmsndsurrendered by the 42 IB, PA to theCIDG only on March 8, 2011 (11 daysafter the alleged encounter) toinclude the caliber.45 pistolallegedly recovered from Rodel.Findings/Analysis of SITGESTRELLADOAfter careful and meticulousevaluation of the pieces of evidencea n d o t h e r c i r c u m s t a n c e ss u r r o u n d i n g t h e c a s e , S I T GESTRELLADO came out with aconclusion that the military hassomething to do with the abductionand subsequent killing of RodelEstrellado based on the following:1. Rodel cannot be intwo (2) places at the same time. Itis impossible for Rodel to beexchanging fire with the soldiers atabout 6:30 AM of February 25, 2011in Brgy. Buluang, Bato, CamarinesSur where in fact he was still inMalilipot, Albay at that time and wasonly abducted at about 8:00 AM of thesame day;2. Rodel was still aliveeven after he was reportedlykilled in the alleged encounter.According to the Rural Health Unit ofthe Municipality of Bato, CamarinesSur who conducted the NecropsyExamination (NE), Rodel was onlydead for three (3) hours which meansthat he was still alive until 10:00 AMto 11:00 AM of February 25, 2011.This was corroborated by PNPpersonnel of Bato MPS who helpedthe PA members in carrying thelifeless body of Rodel from themilitary vehicle going to BatoMunicipal Health Office minutesbefore the NE, they observedflexibility on the cadaver's arms, legsand neck which means that RigorMortis, which is usually observableafter six (6) hours, has not yet kickedin;3. No fire fight ensued.According to two (2) witness whoreside in Brgy. Buluang, Bato,Camarines Sur, there was no armedencounter on February 25, 2011 intheir area. Instead, at about 10:00AM of the same day, they heard gunfires emanating from the top of the hilland when checked, they saw 7-8 menclad in military uniforms firing theirrifles in the air. The volley of firesallegedly lasted for only three (3)minutes and thereafter the soldierscasually went down the hill. They alsoemphasized that the soldiers were theonly persons at that time present ontop of the hill. Later, they learned thata corpse was brought down by thesoldiers;4. No firefight happenedbased on scientific findings.Result of the cross-matching of thesurrendered firearms by members ofndthe 42 IB, PA with the recoveredempty shells from the allegedencounter site has four (4) disturbingfacts among others, that wouldsuggest that indeed there was nofirefight. Although it is not conclusiveto determine if he indeed fired afirearm, it cannot be denied thatRodel was negative for presence ofgunpowder nitrates;5. R o d e l ' s w o u n d s .Rodel sustained three (3) gunshotwounds at the back, abrasions onsome parts of the body and contusionon the abdomen. Injuries that isunusual from someone who died in afirefight;6. Trying to prove thatthere was an encounter. On March2, 2011, barangay officials of Brgy.Buluang appeared before the BatoMPS and reported that on February27, 2011, at about 10:00 AM, four (4)male persons who introducedndthemselves as members of the 42 IB,PA asked them to sign a certificationstating that an armed encounterhappened on February 25, 2011, atabout 6:30 AM. Accordingly, the otherbarangay officials were compelled tosign the same despite protest that thegun fires were actually heard at about10:00 AM of the same date. Some ofthem also claimed that they weredenied the opportunity to examine thefull contents of certification;7. Delay in the turn-overof evidence. Despite numerousrequests, it was only on March 8, 2011ndthe 42 IB, PA submitted to the PNP-CIDG the caliber .45 allegedlyrecovered from Rodel and the riflesand the light machine gun of theinvolved personnel which had been intheir possession since February 25,2011; and,8. C o i n c i d e n c e ? O nFebruary 24, 2011 or a day prior to theabduction/killing, personnel of MICObased at Camp Simeon Ola, LegazpiCity personally coordinated with theMalilipot MPS that an operation withthe Southern Command (SOCOM)will be conducted in their area.Further, according to a witness whoresides near the abduction site said, aday before the abduction, she noticeda red Toyota Innova with plateno.ZEU 172 with five (5) malesonboard which stayed long near herresidence/abduction site. Accordingto the responding PNP personnel,although they approached thesuspicious maroon van, they were notable to see the face of the driver as thevan's window was only partly openedand the driver politely told them thatthey were leaving. Surprisinglythereafter, Malilipot MPS received atext message from a MICO personnelsaying that they have an on-goingoperation in their area.On February 25, 2011, atabout 6:00AM, said MICO personnelagain texted the Malilipot MPSproviding information regarding analleged armed group using a redNissan Urvan with plate no.PLT 651heading to Brgy. Calbayog. On thatsame day, a dirty white ToyotaTamaraw with plate no.TRE 155 wasagain noticed parked on the same sitewhere the Toyota Innova was parkedfrom 7:00 AM to 8:00 AM. Verificationmade with the LTO-Tabaco Cityrevealed that plate nos.MXN 902 andTRE 155 have no records while plateno.UCP 232 was found to be belongingto a dark blue Toyota Tamarawregistered to a certain JoselitoPaulino of San Ildefonso, Bulacan,and plate no.ZEU-172 was found to beregistered in the name of AntonioDebelos of Cotabato City.Murder case filed against thesoldiersOn May 9, 2011, a case ofMurder against Major Danilo GAmbe, and 7 others was filedbefore the Camarines Sur ProvincialProsecutor's Office and was docketedunder NPS No.V-10-INV-11E-00452.However, based on the motion of thefamily of the victim, the casewas transferred at the AlbayProvincial Prosecutor's Office wherei t i s c u r r e n t l y u n d e r g o i n gp r e l i m i n a r y i n v e s t i g a t i o n .Meanwhile, the AFP relieved theabovementioned soldiers from theirduties and responsibilities, while theGeneral Court Martial Proceedingsagainst them have been suspended bythe AFP after a criminal case hasbeen filed.

April - June 2012Volume 1 10Issue No. 2The Power ofIBIS“ALPHA GUN”DETECTIVEThethe one that started it all...FORENSIC BREAKTHROUGHby: PSUPT REYNALDO D DE GUZMANChief, Firearms Identification Division, PNP Crime LabThanks to the painstaking, meticulousforensic investigation conducted by the PNP CrimeLaboratory's Firearms Identification Division throughthe Integrated Ballistics Identification System or IBIS(a computer assisted ”Forensic Firearms ExaminersMachine” capable of capturing data from fired bulletsand cartridge cases of firearms) for solving cases ofserial killings in the country by linking all themissing dots into a sole gun, making it astrong headway toward a world classcrime laboratory.T h e C r i m e L a b f o r e n s i cinvestigators capability of utilizing the fullpotential of the one year old IBIS or also knownas Firearms Identification System (FIDS) is nodoubt a powerful tool for the police investigators ofgetting solid leads on firearms related cases. Forthis issue, The Detective is giving full credits to thePNP Crime Laboratory for a job well done particularlyto PSUPT REYNALDO D DE GUZMAN, Chief, FID forallowing us to share the PNP's forensic breakthroughin a capsule.Psupt de Guzman said that on April 21,2008, the Crime Lab reported to then Chief, PNPabout the successful forensic cross-matching ofevidence bullets and cartridgecasesrecovered from the scenes of 33 shooting incidentsparticularly in various areas in NCR, Region 3 andRegion 4A from the CY 2005 to 2008 involving83 victims, of which 38 were killed, 34 wounded, three(3) were raped and eight (8) others of unknowncondition.In all these cases, 10 firearms of assorted caliber,type and make were found to have been repeatedly oralternately used, but the most consistently used whichserves as the common denominator, connecting all the10 guns and these cases was a 9mm Glock pistol.In fact, two (2) of the said firearms particularly thecaliber .45 Charles Daly pistol with serial no. XXX and9mmBernadelli pistol with serial no. XXX were recoveredfrom the control and possession of two (2) arrestedrobbery suspects in San Fernando City, Pampanga onApril 5, 2008. The capture of the said guns and forensiccross-matching of the standard specimen of thesefirearms with evidence specimen has led the PNP toestablished linkages of these series of killings.However, despite these significant findings, noinformation whether cases have been filed the(2) arrested suspects.It can be recalled that sincethe IBIS, the PNP's state-of-the artcrime laboratory equipment a totalof 18,974 evidence bullets andcartridge cases including thestandard bullets and cartridgecases of firearms licensed thru theamnesty programs have so far been encodedby the Crime Lab into the system. Therebymaking the IBIS very capable of processing andcorrelating stored data in a short period of time. TheIBIS provides a timely result or information which isvery crucial in the conduct of any on-going investigation.The system exceeded all expectations, PSUPT deGuzman said. By September 2011, the Crime Evidencecontinued on page 11

DETECTIVEThe11April - June 2012Volume 1Issue No. 2from page 10Database (CED) had already generated 500confirmed “hits” or positive matches out of 15,000database entries.PSUPT de Guzman further narrated that histeam revalidated previous forensic findings on the 33cases and was substantiated by the policeinvestigators' recovery of hundreds of pieces ofballistic evidence. Significant to note he said were thethree (3) more cases recorded in NCR with eight (8)more victims, including a rape case, and one (1)caliber .45 pistol were added, hence, increasing thenumber to 36 shooting incidents involving eleven 11firearms and 91 victims (38 killed, 34 wounded, 4raped, and 15 of unknown status), putting it to thePhilippine history's criminal record of all time.PSUPT de Guzman recounted one Mondaymorning in December 2011 on how the IBIS flagged a“hit” for a particular 9mm Glock pistol, which waslinked to 24 and 36 cases, where 18 of the reported 38killed were directly linked to one sole gun ascorroborated by PNP FED to have been fired from anEO licensed 9mm Glock 19 pistol with serial numberXXX. He called it the “Alpha Gun.”The test fire that generated the hit came from aregistered gun – a formerly undocumented gun thatwas licensed under the 2008 Firearms Amnesty. Aquick check of records literally led investigators to thedoor of the newly registered owner of the gun thatstarted it all.Unfortunately, the highly sensitive nature of theongoing police investigation and follow ups precludesfurther discussion. In a separated development,IBIS is currently generating more hits particularlycases from the areas of NCR and various regions ofthe country. The incident however, led to a quantumleap in the PNP's appreciation on the value of forensictechnologies in investigation.As a testimony to the PNP's forensic investigationcapability, the International Association of Chiefs ofPolice Forensic Science Committee has selected thePhilippine National Police to receive the 2012 AugustVollmer Excellence in Forensic Science Award for thecategory of Significant Investigative Value in a MajorCrime, with no less than Chief, PNP, PDG NICANOR ABARTOLOME who was invited to receive the award onSeptember 30, 2012.Indeed, persistence, painstaking work and scientificmethod has proven once again as to be valuableinvestigative tools in solving major/heinous andsensational cases. In closing, PSupt de Guzmanstressed that the key to successful forensics is toassume nothing - which is all the more important inhistoric cases like these serial killings in the country.In closing, PSUPT de Guzman expressed hissatisfaction and sense of pride for seeing the significantbreakthroughs achieved by the PNP in the field offorensic investigation as he officially retires from thepolice service this July 2012. For him, the experiencedcan be viewed as a kind of transformation in forensicscience and technologies from a reactive discipline intoproactive tools for law enforcement. “I am happy to notethat the PNP is now upgrading its investigative capabilitythrough the adoption of modern technology and forensicscience,” he said.

April - June 2012Volume 1 12Issue No. 2DETECTIVEUnmasking the Potential of Facial Compositeraditional police officersmight argue that there isTno substitute for thep e n c i l - t o - p a p e r m e t h o d .stHowever, in this 21 century ofpolicing, the advancement oftechnology plays an importantrole in crime solving activities.T h e h a n d s - o n a r t i s t i s"irreplaceable," but computersoftware is the next best thingthat ever happened for the policeinvestigators. Unlike in the past,where artist or illustrators willbe invited by the investigator tosketch a suspect’s face in blackand white using a pencil and oslopaper, nowadays, the policeinvestigators can now come witha 3-D, yes three dimensionalphotos of suspect/s whichresemble the “real” facialfeatures of the suspect/s.Since the use of facialcomposite images is sometimesrelied upon as an integral part of aninvestigation, it is important tolearn more about its usage andprocedures implemented by lawenforcement authorities regardingthe use of composites. Theconstruction and distribution of afacial composite image of acriminal is a procedure that issometimes central to theb e g i n n i n g o f a p o l i c einvestigation.Based from the researchdone by The Detective, studiesshow that facial composite imagesare often used for eyewitnessTheidentification purposes when theidentity of an offender is unknownand when witnesses do not makeidentification from a line-up orcollection of mugshots or roguesgallery offered by the police. Underthese circumstances, witnesses areoften asked to participate in theprocess of constructing a facialimage of the offender.However, reliance onforensic artists for this purpose haslargely been replaced by facialcomposite systems that can be usedby police officers, and are believedto serve a similar purpose. Usingthese techniques, witnesses selectindividual facial features one at atime from sets of pictorial imagesand assemble them into a likenessof their recollection of the suspect’sface. Intuitively, constructing afacial composite seems like aprocedure that could be quiteeffective in facilitating the searchfor someone who has committed acrime. For others, a number ofFacial Compositefacial composite constructionsystems are available, bothc o m p u t e r i z e d a n d n o n -computerized like the photo fit andidentity kit.By and large, FacialComposite was previously calledComputerized Composite CriminalIllustration, Cartography orCartographic Sketch. It refers to acomputer generated image based onactual description of a witness or avictim. Facial Composite onlyrefers to criminals and notappropriate to other subjects. On theother hand, cartography orcartographic sketch is defined as thestudy and practice of making map.As the PNP changes the term usedfrom computerized compositecriminal illustration to its presentterm facial composite, the facialcomposite kit used by ourinvestigators in Crime lab alsoprogresses.At present, the PNP CrimeLab has a total of 18 laptops and 6desktops with Face Fit Kits. Tofurther enhance the forensiccapability of our investigators onthe ground through the RegionalCrime Lab Offices relative to FacialComposite, the Australian FederalPolice (AFP) donated Face Fit Kitson June 2008 with 2 kits which wasplaced at the Crime Lab office inCamp Crame and the other one inRCLO 11 (Davao City). The FaceFit Kits installed in the laptops anddesktops features a program that hasa wide compilation of differentfacial features of Filipino, Thailandand Caucasian. Accessories likePencil Sketch

DETECTIVEThe13April - June 2012Volume 1Issue No. 2beard, mustache, facial marks/deformities, eyeglasses, headwearand jewelry are also available. Asthe need arises to further expand thepotential of Facial Composite,several kits were installed in thefollowing RCLOs: RCLO 7 (CebuCity); RCLO 9 (Zamboanga City);RCLO COR (La Trinidad,Benguet); RCLO 10 (Cagayan deOro City); RCLO 4B (Calapan, OccMindoro); RCLO 5 (Legazpi City);and EPDCLO (Marikina City).Due to the increasingdemand for the institutionalizationof Facial Composite to all RCLOsnationwide, the PNP was able toobtain fund support from the PNPFoundation in December 2010 forthe acquisition of additional FaceFit Kits (laptop and desktops) andwere distributed to the following:RCLO 1 (La Union); RCLO 2S a n t i a g o C i t y ) ; P C L O 3(Zambales); RCLO 4A (Calamba,Laguna); RCLO 6 (Iloilo City);RCLO 8 (Leyte); RCLO 12(General Santos City); RCLO 13(Butuan City); RCLO ARMM(Cotabato City); QCPDCLO(Kamuning, QC); NPDCLO(Caloocan City); SPDCLO (MakatiCity); MPDCLO (UN Ave.,Manila); NHQ (Logistics &Training Sec.); and CIDG Office.As part of its capabilityenhancement, a two week facialidentification training conducted bythe AFP was attended by twoc o m p o s i t e a r t i s t s / f o r e n s i cinvestigators from PNP Crime Lab.These two trained composite artistson their part conducted training andseminar on Facial Composite toRCLOs in the region.On how the system works,anybody can avail on the services ofthe facial composite on theaforecited places for free. Only thevictim or the witness who haspersonal knowledge on the crimecommitted can provide thedescriptive details of the suspect.The describer must be accompaniedby the investigator on case. If thedescriber is of minor age he/shemust be accompanied by his parentor guardian. It has to be noted thatonly the victim or the witness canconfirm of its accuracy based onhis/her recollection.Hence, time is vital for theinvestigators and composite artistsfrom Crime Lab due to the accuracyof the witness’ recollection orthoughts. Yet, decades of empiricalstudies have demonstrated thatthere were difficulties with bothtraditional composite systems andn e w e r c o m p u t e r - b a s e dtechnologies in their ability toaccurately depict an individual,particularly when the likeness iscreated from a witness’s memory ofa face composite images are oftenrelied upon as an important sourceof evidence for locating andprosecuting a suspect.Generally, studies havefound serious limitations of thesesystems in terms of the productionof accurate representations of faces.Prior to evaluation of the accuracyof these systems however, it isuseful to identify which tools areactually used by the PNP CrimeLaboratory. Therefore, the focus ofthis special report by TheDetective is to identify thecomposite systems currentlyutilized by the PNP, as well as anumber of issues related tocomposite construction.It’s potential? Yes, TheDetective foresees the full potentialof Facial Composite in unmaskingthe suspects’ identification. One ofthe success stories and forensicbreakthroughs brought about by theHeistuse of facial composite is thepositive identification and eventualarrest of Willy Enriquez in Ilo-IloCity, one of the robbery suspects inthe Robinsons Galleria Heist onMach 29, 2012.However, it is also importantto get information about theprocedures currently implementedby the PNP in order to develop andpursue new research directions,which as of press time, the DIDM isnow crafting an SOP on FacialComposite while a proposal isunderway for the development of astandardized training programs forpolice investigators and forensicinvestigators involved in the facialcomposite construction process.The DIDM shall continue it’sefforts to research for proceduresand standards on the best ways toe l i c i t f a c i a l r e c a l l f r o meyewitnesses. In fact, other lawenforcement agencies around theworld reported having no explicitselection criteria for choosing acomposite system, no standardizedinterviewing procedures forcreating composites, and thatformalized training for creatingcomposites is often not required.On the point of view of TheDetective, these are the importantissues that need to be addresed in thefuture in view of the predominantrole of mistaken eyewitnessidentification in cases of erroneousconviction of innocent people due tothe inaccuracy of the witness’memory of a face composite image.

April - June 2012Volume 1 14Issue No. 2DETECTIVEThe Investigator at a Glance - PNP’s creme’-de-la creme’The PNP investigators and detectives are challenged daily in the performance of their duties; they face each challenge freely and unselfishlywhile answering the call to duty. In certain instances, their actions warrant special attention from their respective units and offices. Hence, TheDetective also wants to recognize those situations that transcend the normal rigors of the investigators profession. Featured on this second issue arepolice investigators and Investigation Offices who made a significant mark in the course of their profession and are endorsed by their respectiveChief of Offices all around the country.ThePRO CORDILLERA. RegionalI n v e s t i g a t i o n a n d D e t e c t i v eManagement Division of the Year 2011f o r i t s a c t i v e r o l e i n t h eimplementation of IMPLAN TUGISwhich resulted to the solution of1,614 cases for CY 2011 and thearrests of 1,020 Wanted Persons,among which, 6 3 are Top MostWanted Persons since it was launchedin March 2011. PROCOR was alsoinstrumental in the solution of heinousand sensational cases under its SpecialInvestigation Task Groups (SITGs) such as: The Senai Mehary KirosCase; PB Bong Molina Case; PB Rafael Agcongay Case; and PB LoretoOla Barbosa Case in CY 2011, wherein cases were filed against allthe suspects.Among PROCOR's Best Practices relative to theattainment of the mission and objective of the Investigation Familycan be seen through the following: Creation of four (4) SITGs;Implementation of IMPLAN TUGIS 2011 with a total of 416,948warrants served out of the total 506,860 warrants of arrest receivedand IMPLAN PAGLUTAS which serve as PROCOR's strategic initiativeto reduce index crime rate and improve crime solution efficiency inthe region. Among others, PRO COR strictly implements a systemfor Case Tracking Shooting Incidents which records daily, weeklyand monthly shooting incidents for follow-up by field units;implementation of Case Tracking of Unsolved Cases which recordsdaily, weekly and monthly unsolved cases for follow-up by fieldunits; profiling of Murder/Homicide in Abra; the regular conduct ofCIC training and seminars; and the regional listing of its WantedPersons in book bound for its investigators.S P O 4 P E R C I V A L GANCHETA, Chief Investigator,San Fernando City PoliceStation, PRO1. Senior FieldInvestigator of the Year 2011,he was instrumental in thefiling of several cases which ledto the reduction and solutiono f h i g h p ro f i l e c r i m e s s u c h a s m u rd e rs ,carnapping, cattle rustling, robberies, amongothers.The pride of PRO1, he participated in thearrest of 56 wanted persons previously chargedfor various crimes in La Union for CY 2011 andspearheaded the implementation of OPLANWHITE SAND/Baboy Damo in San Fernando CityPolice Station as part of its intensified campaignon illegal drugs wherein he helped in the filing ofcharges against 33 suspects. Because of hisuntiring effort and investigative capabilities insolving crimes within AOR, the crime solutionefficiency of San Fernando City Police Stationsoared high.EASTERN POLICE DISTRICT, NCRPO. District Investigation and Detective Management Division of the Year 2011 forthe successful implementation of LOI 02-10 (Project on Enhancing the Procedure for the Collection and Application ofFingerprints) and its implementation thru EPD IMPLAN to NHQ LOI 02-10 project in the Model District and ensured 100%compliance. A total of 11 AFIS hits were closely monitored of which, 2 suspects were arrested through the AFIS Hits and 3persons who were found dead were identified through AFIS. Also, it successfully implemented LOI 02/11 re Procedure for theCollection of Tenprints of all Booked Suspects at Police Stations nationwide wherein the best practices and procedures adopted inthe Model District Project by the DIDMD were replicated nationwide.Responding to Call of Duty.. A salute to our fallen heroes..For this issue, The Detective also wants to recognize the bravery and dedication of our police officers whosacrificed their lives in the performance of their duties. They are protecting and serving the community every day…andthey do it for nothing but for the love and passion they have for the job as professional investigators and detectives.You always hear stories about officers who are never around when you need them. Now that is anoverstated phrase because responding to a report of an incident caused the death of PINSP NALDO S AROMIN, Chiefof Police, Marcos MPS, Ilocos Norte and one of his men, SPO2 DANNY BALLESTEROS. They responded to a robbery holdupincident at the Coca Cola Warehouse of MM Gabriel Enterprises in Brgy Lydia, Marcos, Ilocos Nor te on July 3, 2011. The twoOfficers died on the spot due to multiple gunshot wounds while one of the suspects was also killed by the operating personnel. SITG AROMINwas then activated which led to the conduct of investigation. Hot pursuit operations initiated by adjacent units of Marcos MPS together with thepolice officers who wasted no time in locating and arresting the suspects' yielded positive results. The location of the suspects was positivelyidentified with the help of the residents of Brgy San Marcos, Sarrat, Ilocos Norte. SITG AROMIN immediately established a dragnet operation tothe Chiefs of Police of Dingras, Piddig, San Nicolas and Laoag City for a hot pursuit operation against the suspects. A firefight ensued whichresulted to the death of two suspects and the capture of two other suspects. A case for robbery with homicide was already fired against thesuspects before the RTC of Ilocos Norte, while cases of Direct Assault upon a Person in Authority and Multiple Direct Assault upon an Agent ofPerson in Authority were also filed before the MCTC of Dingras… To the brave men and women of Ilocos Norte, the families of PINSP AROMIN andSPO2 Ballesteros, The Detective salutes you for your selfless dedication to duty and service to the community.Nominations for the Investigator at a Glance should be based on the nature of the case handled, successful arrest of suspect/s that led tothe eventual filing of a case and diligent display of dedication as investigator. Submissions should include a short write-up (maximum of 250 words),a separate photograph of each nominee, and a letter from their respective COPs, PIDMBs, CIDMBs, RIDMDs and Investigation Units from NSUsendorsing the nomination. Submissions should be sent to the Editor-in-Chief, The Detective, DIDM Roof deck, NHQ Bldg., Camp Crame, Quezon Cityor call Tel. Nos. (02) 7230401 local 3580, (02) 7224091 or email us at: thedetective_didm@yahoo.com, didm_rad@yahoo.com or visit the officialwebsite of didm at: http://didm.pnp.gov.ph.

TRIVIADETECTIVETheDid you know that…TRIVIAThe National Police Agency of Japan (NPAJ) paved the wayfor the Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS)establishing the first electronic fingerprint matching system in the1980s. Their AFIS, eventually enabled law enforcement officials aroundthe world to cross-check a print with millions of fingerprint recordsalmost instantaneously. AFIS collects digital fingerprints with sensors.Computer software then looks for patterns and minutiae points (based on SirEdward Henry's system) to find the best match in its database.15TRIVIAApril - June 2012Volume 1Issue No. 2WHAT IS CYBER FORENSICS? The subset of forensic scienceconcerned with interpreting evidence contained in computers and digital media iscalled cyber forensics. The field is concerned with issues such as recovering lostdata, and revealing and decrypting data hidden on a suspect's computer. Inaddition to computers, cyber forensics specialists can also recover informationfrom cellular phones, mp3 players, CDs, DVDs and more. Approximately 80 to 90percent of legal cases today involve some sort of digital evidence.WHAT'S A FLASHER BOX? A flasher box is a device that transfers datafrom a cell phone to a computer, where people unfamiliar with the device inquestion can examine files for evidence. With one of these devices, non-experts areable to check for clues that may help them solve cases, even if they have neverbefore seen a similar device...An earlier and less successful lie detector or polygraph machine was invented by JamesMackenzie in 1902. However, the modern polygraph machine was invented by John Larson in1921. John Larson, a University of California medical student, invented the modern lie detector(polygraph) in 1921. Used in police interrogation and investigation since 1924, the lie detector isstill controversial among psychologists, and is not always judicially acceptable. The namepolygraph comes from the fact that the machine records several different body responsessimultaneously as the individual is questioned.The theory is that when a person lies, the lying causes a certain amount of stress that produceschanges in several involuntary physiological reactions. A series of different sensors are attachedto the body, and as the polygraph measures changes in breathing, blood pressure, pulse andperspiration, pens record the data on graph paper. During a lie detector test, the operator asks aseries of control questions that set the pattern of how an individual responds when giving true andfalse answers. Then the actual questions are asked, mixed in with filler questions. Theexamination lasts about 2 hours, after which the expert interprets the data.Every individual has unique DNA or Deoxyribonucleic acid. While you can change yourappearance, you can't change your DNA. Because of this, forensic investigators are startingto use DNA analysis to link suspects to blood, hair, skin and other evidence left at crimescenes. DNA fingerprinting is done by isolating the DNA from human tissues. The DNA iscut using special enzymes, sorted and passed through a gel. It's then transferred to a nylonsheet, where radioactive probes are added to produce a pattern -- the DNA fingerprint.Intimidating or coercive methods of policeinterrogation were once commonly referred to asundergoing the ‘third degree.’ Today, as protection againstany possibility of police intimidation, we have the MirandaWarning. The Miranda Doctrine or "Mirandawarning" originated from Miranda v. Arizona in 1966. The US Supreme Court overturned ErnestoMiranda's conviction for rape and kidnapping based on its ruling that a suspect must be informed of hisright to remain silent and right to have an attorney present before any statements he makes in policeinterrogation can be admissible in court. Hence, "Miranda warning' ("you have the right to remainsilent", etc.) immediately upon arresting a suspect to ensure he or she is aware of these rights, wasadopted by PNP.Forensic ballistics involves analysis of bullets and bulletimpacts to determine information of use to a court or otherpart of a legal system. Separately from ballisticsinformation, firearm and tool mark examinations ("ballisticfingerprinting") involve analyzing firearm, ammunition, andtool mark evidence in order to establish whether a certainfirearm or tool was used in the commission of a crime.

Investigation Family @ Work