INTERPOL HANDBOOK ON DNA DATA EXCHANGE AND PRACTICE

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Summary• Training needs to distinguish between the responsibilities of the First AttendingOfficers and Crime Scene Examiner Specialists, and both require documentedprogrammes with clearly identified learning outcomes.• This training must link with the procedures/processes of the servicing DNAlaboratory.• The training for the first responding officer must also include the normal first responseelements, not just the actions relating to DNA preservation.• The training for the crime scene examiner must include all actions required fora comprehensive and high-quality scene examination, and not be limited to DNAcollection only.• This training must include understanding of DNA profiling capabilities andlimitations.• Training programmes should be competency-based, with a formal assessmentresulting in a formal authorization, thus allowing the individual to perform the workof which he has successfully demonstrated a command.• This training should be included in some form of accreditation programme or meetequivalent standards set for general-duties police scene attendance.•laboratory analysisThe laboratory must have fully documented training procedures and methods whichprescribe Quality Assurance (QA) requirements that are to be understood and metin the analysis programme generally, and in the practice of DNA profiling particularly.Training of laboratory personnel should be assessed formally and staff should beauthorized to perform the various aspects of the DNA profiling process for which theyhave been trained. It is up to each country/jurisdiction to formulate the actual contentof these programmes and the guidelines to apply thereto.•international standardsThere are also well-established international standards for the conduct of forensicDNA profiling. These relate to the physical requirement of separate critical steps of theprocess. Laboratory staff must be made aware of these standards in their training toensure a uniformly high quality of DNA profiling reliability.The sections of forensic accreditation programmes referring to the procedures fordealing with other types of evidence should also be adhered to. These points shouldbecome essential parts of the training process. Some of these points relate to thequalifications of staff undertaking certain functions, the ongoing training and developmentof laboratory staff, and the QA critical requirements for proficiency testing, bothinternal and external. The intimate connection between training requirements and QArequirements is evident here; adherence to these accreditation standards should be anintegral part of the training programme for forensic DNA laboratory personnel.PAGE 46TRAINING
•in-laboratory trainingAnother aspect of in-laboratory training is appropriate awareness of relevant DNAlegislation. This varies enormously from country to country, and in some countriessuch as Australia and the United States, it also varies within the country between thecomponent States. Some elements of the legislation are important to the DNA analyst,as several issues concerning sample legality, privacy, and status for testing, impinge onthe validity and the ability to report on the DNA profiling results.•expert evidenceThe provision of expert evidence in the area of DNA profiling has attracted extensiveattention world-wide. The debate has covered all possible areas of the DNA analysisprocess, the scientific interpretation of results and the reporting of these results interms of likelihood, probabilities, and population genetics. The DNA analyst mustbe trained to express scientific terms and concepts in understandable but accuratelanguage.Training in this area must ensure that the individual has awareness of the simpleapproaches to reporting results, documented processes for statistical reporting, andinstallation of skills to determine the direction of questioning which, if done incorrectly,could cause confusion or, worse, distortion of the DNA evidence.Civil liberty and privacy issues continue to emerge and awareness training andunderstanding of these issues is a critical part of the DNA evidence-giving process.An important issue to address and ensure that the most up-to-date information isavailable, concerns the use of the non-coding areas of DNA.TRAINING PAGE 47
Page 1 and 2: INTERPOLINTERPOL HANDBOOK ONDNA DAT
Page 3 and 4: INTERPOLINTERPOL HANDBOOK ONDNA DAT
Page 5 and 6: dna investigative considerations .
Page 7 and 8: INTRODUCTIONby ronald k. noblethe s
Page 9 and 10: •back to basics: the use of dna i
Page 11 and 12: •the dna databaseThe INTERPOL DNA
Page 13 and 14: PART i: CASE SCENARIOFICTITIOUS SCE
Page 15 and 16: He cautiously pushes the door open
Page 17 and 18: The only obvious item of evidential
Page 19 and 20: • Consider physical evidence that
Page 21 and 22: DNA SAMPLINGAND EVIDENCE COLLECTION
Page 23 and 24: •crime scene investigator (csi)Wh
Page 25 and 26: •potential sources of dnaThere ar
Page 27 and 28: Open the sampling kit and ensure th
Page 29 and 30: If at any time during the sampling
Page 31: IN THE LABORATORYOnce evidence has
Page 34 and 35: INTERPRETATION OF THE DNA PROFILEAs
Page 36: THE MATCH REPORTTo get to step 5 of
Page 43: QUALITY ASSURANCEQuality principles
Page 47: to ensure the best possible results
Page 51 and 52: •key education requirementAnother
Page 53 and 54: PART II: an overviewdna databasesPA
Page 55 and 56: With the increasing use of DNA prof
Page 57 and 58: INTERPOLMember CountryCrimeSceneRef
Page 59 and 60: THE VALUE OF A NATIONAL DNA DATABAS
Page 61 and 62: ESTABLISHING AN EFFECTIVE DNADATABA
Page 63 and 64: •need for a dna databaseOnce the
Page 65 and 66: PublicityOnce a database has been e
Page 67 and 68: It is not only the individual who i
Page 69 and 70: LEGISLATIONSpecific legislation is
Page 71: In conclusion, legislation has to f
Page 74 and 75: THE USE OF POST-CONVICTION DNA TEST
Page 76 and 77: FAMILIAL SEARCHINGThe idea that a D
Page 78 and 79: “Familial searching” has its ad
Page 80 and 81: Recent progress in the forensic use
Page 82 and 83: The most informative target loci fo
Page 84 and 85: Another obvious issue associated wi
Page 86 and 87: APPENDIX 1INTERPOL Standard Set of
Page 88 and 89: 1 16 DNA CODE:VWA THO1 D21S11 FGA D
Page 90 and 91: the process of dna analysisThe biol
Page 92 and 93: AnalysisThe data generated by elect
Page 94 and 95: NameTH01, TPOX,CSF1POmonoplexes(sil
Page 96 and 97: APPENDIX 4questions around anintell
Page 98 and 99:
APPENDIX 5DNA FACT SHEETDNA Profili
Page 100 and 101:
APPENDIX 6interpol dna search reque
Page 102 and 103:
APPENDIX 7recommendationsfrom the e
Page 104 and 105:
21. As a national DNA-database regu
Page 106 and 107:
Glossary1-24/7AlleleAmelogeninBiolo
Page 108 and 109:
Member CountriesMitochondrial DNA(m
Page 110 and 111:
ABBREVIATIONSaimsascld/labasipbelte
Page 112 and 113:
eferences1 Retrieved from: www.iso.
Page 114 and 115:
40 Sibille, I., Duverneuil, C., Lor
Page 117 and 118:
OIPC-INTERPOL200, Quai Chales de Ga
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INTERPOL HANDBOOK ON DNA DATA EXCHANGE AND PRACTICE

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