INTERPOL HANDBOOK ON DNA DATA EXCHANGE AND PRACTICE

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CASE MANAGEMENTWhen dealing with an investigation of this nature, effective management is critical in ensuringthe efficient utilization of police and laboratory resources. The management of DNA casesshould target the collection of evidence from the scene, evidence submission policies anda holistic scientific approach that takes into account the probative value of all the availablephysical evidence. Such case management policies are especially important in criminalinvestigations requiring intelligence-led DNA screening as part of the investigative process.•policies for police dna case managementRapid innovative changes in the field of forensic DNA profiling make consultation withthe DNA expert/laboratory an integral part of the investigative process of any case.It is advisable for police investigators or prosecutors to contact the forensic specialist todiscuss what DNA technologies currently exist for the examination and testing of thebiological evidence connected with their case.The effectiveness of DNA profiling can be compromised by chemicals and contaminantsand these may influence which type of scientific analysis is to be used. Consequently,investigators, in collaboration with the scientist, must evaluate the available physicalevidence to determine which scientific analysis will provide the court with evidence of thehighest probative value. For example, the decision to process the scene for fingerprintsor swab for DNA evidence requires knowledge of both the effect of the fingerprintingprocess on DNA and the probability of successfully recovering DNA from an item.There are documented case management guidelines for:• DNA Evidence Recovery based on an understanding of the potential value of theevidence and its impact on and ability to assist a case. The effective recovery ofDNA evidence from the crime scene is achieved when officers are well informed ofthe evidentiary potential of DNA and trained in DNA evidence recovery (see DNASampling and Evidence Collection).• Appropriate packaging and preservation of DNA evidence that maintains its integrityand prevents contamination (see DNA Sampling and Evidence Collection).• Comprehensive documentation and case details to assist in the laboratory analysisprocess and demonstrated chain of custody requirements based on legal requirements(see In the Laboratory).• Evidence submission based on clear investigative objectives as dictated by thecircumstance of the case. Submission policies are especially valuable in cases involvinglarge numbers of exhibits and serve not only to efficiently allocate resources but alsoto focus the scientific and criminal investigation.• An effective case management policy will directly impact the forensic analysis byallowing the scientist to target those exhibits that yield evidence of the highestprobative value, select the most appropriate DNA techniques and complete theanalysis of the cases in the most efficient manner.PAGE 18CASE MANAGEMENT
DNA SAMPLINGAND EVIDENCE COLLECTIONThe most important aspect of evidence collection and preservation is protecting thecrime scene from the time the first officer or responder arrives until the last piece ofevidence has been noted and collected. This section will cover the procedures for thefirst responder to a crime scene, preservation of the scene, actions of the Crime SceneInvestigator (CSI), valuable kits to process DNA evidence, the collection of evidenceand anti-contamination guidelines. The administration and transportation requirements ofDNA evidence are also addressed.All biological evidence is subject to deterioration. Careful collection and storage willensure that this evidence is preserved so that useful information can be obtained from itsanalysis. Most DNA typing methods are robust; however, dirt, grease, some dyes in fabrics,and other substances can seriously compromise the DNA typing process.The advice given applies to the investigation of all crimes where body fluids are deposited,such as sexual offences, robberies, burglaries, etc. A crime scene log or sign-in sheet shouldbe used to record who enters the area and the time of entry and exit. In addition, all crimescene personnel must wear protective clothing, hairnets, gloves, paper boots, and masks.Because of the ease with which DNA contamination can occur, the first police officershould meticulously record the identity and actions of those who have already been tothe scene and anyone else who may pose a post-incident contamination risk.•first respondersTaking the Initial CallThe actions of the cleaning supervisor and first responding officer in the scenarioclearly demonstrate the actions that should be taken to efficiently preserve the scene.The scene should be secured as soon as possible so that only the people responsiblefor the crime investigation have access. Any other individuals or unescorted personnelcan introduce contamination and disrupt the crime scene. The area can be securedusing ropes, tape, cones, barricades, or even additional officers. The administration andtransportation requirements are also addressed.DNA SAMPLINGAND EVIDENCE COLLECTIONPAGE 19
Page 1 and 2: INTERPOLINTERPOL HANDBOOK ONDNA DAT
Page 3 and 4: INTERPOLINTERPOL HANDBOOK ONDNA DAT
Page 5 and 6: dna investigative considerations .
Page 7 and 8: INTRODUCTIONby ronald k. noblethe s
Page 9 and 10: •back to basics: the use of dna i
Page 11 and 12: •the dna databaseThe INTERPOL DNA
Page 13 and 14: PART i: CASE SCENARIOFICTITIOUS SCE
Page 15 and 16: He cautiously pushes the door open
Page 17 and 18: The only obvious item of evidential
Page 19: • Consider physical evidence that
Page 23 and 24: •crime scene investigator (csi)Wh
Page 25 and 26: •potential sources of dnaThere ar
Page 27 and 28: Open the sampling kit and ensure th
Page 29 and 30: If at any time during the sampling
Page 31: IN THE LABORATORYOnce evidence has
Page 34 and 35: INTERPRETATION OF THE DNA PROFILEAs
Page 36: THE MATCH REPORTTo get to step 5 of
Page 43: QUALITY ASSURANCEQuality principles
Page 47 and 48: to ensure the best possible results
Page 49 and 50: •in-laboratory trainingAnother as
Page 51 and 52: •key education requirementAnother
Page 53 and 54: PART II: an overviewdna databasesPA
Page 55 and 56: With the increasing use of DNA prof
Page 57 and 58: INTERPOLMember CountryCrimeSceneRef
Page 59 and 60: THE VALUE OF A NATIONAL DNA DATABAS
Page 61 and 62: ESTABLISHING AN EFFECTIVE DNADATABA
Page 63 and 64: •need for a dna databaseOnce the
Page 65 and 66: PublicityOnce a database has been e
Page 67 and 68: It is not only the individual who i
Page 69 and 70: LEGISLATIONSpecific legislation is
Page 71:
In conclusion, legislation has to f
Page 74 and 75:
THE USE OF POST-CONVICTION DNA TEST
Page 76 and 77:
FAMILIAL SEARCHINGThe idea that a D
Page 78 and 79:
“Familial searching” has its ad
Page 80 and 81:
Recent progress in the forensic use
Page 82 and 83:
The most informative target loci fo
Page 84 and 85:
Another obvious issue associated wi
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APPENDIX 1INTERPOL Standard Set of
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1 16 DNA CODE:VWA THO1 D21S11 FGA D
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the process of dna analysisThe biol
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AnalysisThe data generated by elect
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NameTH01, TPOX,CSF1POmonoplexes(sil
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APPENDIX 4questions around anintell
Page 98 and 99:
APPENDIX 5DNA FACT SHEETDNA Profili
Page 100 and 101:
APPENDIX 6interpol dna search reque
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APPENDIX 7recommendationsfrom the e
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21. As a national DNA-database regu
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Glossary1-24/7AlleleAmelogeninBiolo
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Member CountriesMitochondrial DNA(m
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ABBREVIATIONSaimsascld/labasipbelte
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eferences1 Retrieved from: www.iso.
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40 Sibille, I., Duverneuil, C., Lor
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OIPC-INTERPOL200, Quai Chales de Ga
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INTERPOL HANDBOOK ON DNA DATA EXCHANGE AND PRACTICE

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