The Physics of Spallation Processes

2.3. THE EUROPEAN SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCE ESS 23Costs, time schedule and locationESS cost planning includes a new and updated cost assessment by the end of 2003, takinginto account the revised facility concept and bottom up estimates based on considerablybetter design details than those available in 1996, when the cost was estimated on the basisof the feasibility study. The split of the total cost for development and construction isroughly as follows: 37% for accelerator facilities, 18% for target systems, 28% for buildingsand infrastructure and 17% for scientific utilization.Figure 2.10: Anticipated time schedule of the ESS-projectThe overall costs for development plus construction including all staff costs amountsto 1400 MEuro while the operational costs per year (incl. staff) are estimated to be of theorder of 150 MEuro.For the present phase (-2003) participating laboratories and organizations have signeda Memorandum of understanding (MoU) which formalizes the commitments of parties tostrengthen central management and streamline Council decision making. An accelerationof the project time scale as shown in Fig. 2.10 is requested which should culminate in acomprehensive progress report of the ESS in December 2003. In parallel R&D is done inorder to freeze the parameter. The more politically driven decision concerning the hostwill be taken hopefully in 2004 after which the construction phase will immediately follow.The full operation after commissioning is expected not earlier than 2012.On a European scale there are several locations that have expressed interest in hostingthe facility: Daresbury (UK), a consortium supporting a location in Southern Scandinavia,two sites in France, (FZJ) Jülich in the Euregio of Nordrhein Westfalen and theMicroTechPark Thalheim-Sandersdorf in the Halle/Saale region.The main parameters of ESS are summarized in Tab. 2.5.