Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Elements of Literature: Third Course ...

Houghton Mifflin HarcourtElements of Literature: Third Course ©2007correlated to theCommon Core State Standards for English Language ArtsGrade 9Reading Standards for LiteratureKey Ideas and Details9.RL.1StandardsCite strong and thorough textual evidence tosupport analysis of what the text says explicitlyas well as inferences drawn from the text.Page ReferencesSE 15, 36, 53, 75, 107, 116, 136, 151, 187, 195, 208,219, 259, 267, 278, 303, 309, 347, 358, 368, 380,413, 428, 434, 444, 479, 483, 488, 492, 497, 503,507, 510, 511, 515, 519, 522, 525, 529, 536, 538,543, 547, 550, 554, 579, 596, 621, 628, 659, 671,703, 787, 831, 868, 888, 930, 957, 1008, 1026-10279.RL.29.RL.3Determine a theme or central idea of a text andanalyze in detail its development over the courseof the text, including how it emerges and isshaped and refined by specific details; provide anobjective summary of the text.Analyze how complex characters (e.g., those withmultiple or conflicting motivations) develop overthe course of a text, interact with othercharacters, and advance the plot or develop thetheme.SE 53, 136, 246-247, 248-259, 261, 267, 270, 278,295, 303, 305, 309, 316, 397, 428, 444, 469, 573,596, 621, 628, 639, 660, 671, 1026SE 53, 60, 75, 96-97, 98-107, 136, 162-165, 195, 247,248, 251, 255, 267, 270, 278, 303, 357, 367, 396,413, 444, 469, 671, 703, 736, 739© Copyright 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. 1

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Elements of Literature: Third Course ©2007 correlated to theCommon Core State Standards for English Language Arts Grade 9Craft and Structure9.RL.49.RL.59.RL.6StandardsIntegration of Knowledge and Ideas9.RL.79.RL.89.RL.9Determine the meaning of words and phrases asthey are used in the text, including figurative andconnotative meanings; analyze the cumulativeimpact of specific word choices on meaning andtone (e.g., how the language evokes a sense oftime and place; how it sets a formal or informaltone).Analyze how an author’s choices concerning howto structure a text, order events within it (e.g.,parallel plots), and manipulate time (e.g., pacing,flashbacks) create such effects as mystery,tension, or surprise.Analyze a particular point of view or culturalexperience reflected in a work of literature fromoutside the United States, drawing on a widereading of world literature.Analyze the representation of a subject or a keyscene in two different artistic mediums, includingwhat is emphasized or absent in each treatment(e.g., Auden’s “Musée des Beaux Arts” andBreughel’s Landscape with the Fall of Icarus).(Not applicable to literature)Analyze how an author draws on and transformssource material in a specific work (e.g., howShakespeare treats a theme or topic from Ovid orthe Bible or how a later author draws on a playby Shakespeare).Page ReferencesSE 71, 152, 305, 309, 429, 479, 504-505, 508, 510,511, 515, 516, 519, 522, 538, 547, 550, 568, 572,580, 582, 596, 607, 621, 788, 934, 957, 1028-1029SE 2-3, 4-15, 36, 44, 53, 155, 195, 278SE 188-195, 270-278, 500-503, 520-522, 749-787,789-813SE 260, 261-267, 270-278, 280, 281-291, 294, 295-303, 305-309, 311-316, 318SE 281-285, 286-287, 288-289, 290-293© Copyright 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. 2

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Elements of Literature: Third Course ©2007 correlated to theCommon Core State Standards for English Language Arts Grade 9StandardsRange of Reading and Level of Text Complexity9.RL.10By the end of grade 9, read and comprehendliterature, including stories, dramas, and poems,in the grades 9–10 text complexity bandproficiently, with scaffolding as needed at thehigh end of the range.Page ReferencesSE 4-15, 16-36, 44-53, 62-75, 98-107, 108-116, 126-136, 140-151, 172-187, 188-195, 197-208, 210-219, 248-259, 261-267, 270-278, 295-303, 305-309, 336-347, 356-358, 359-368, 376-380, 403-413, 414-428, 430-434, 436-444, 476-479, 480-483, 484-488, 489-492, 494-497, 500-503, 506-507, 508-510, 511, 512-515, 516-519, 520-522,523-525, 526-529, 533-536, 537-538, 539-543,544-547, 548-550, 551-554, 574-579, 580-596,607-621, 627-628, 646-659, 660-671, 686-703,749-787, 789-813, 814, 826-831, 855-868, 869-888, 897-930, 932-957, 959-1008, 1009-1027© Copyright 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. 3

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Elements of Literature: Third Course ©2007 correlated to theCommon Core State Standards for English Language Arts Grade 9StandardsReading Standards for Informational TextKey Ideas and Details9.RI.19.RI.29.RI.3Craft and Structure9.RI.49.RI.59.RI.6Cite textual evidence to support analysis ofwhat the text says explicitly as well as inferencesdrawn from the text.Determine a central idea of a text and how itis conveyed through particular details; providea summary of the text distinct from personalopinions or judgments.Analyze in detail how a key individual, event, oridea is introduced, illustrated, and elaborated in atext (e.g., through examples or anecdotes).Determine the meaning of words and phrasesas they are used in a text, including figurative,connotative, and technical meanings.Analyze how a particular sentence, paragraph,chapter, or section fits into the overall structureof a text and contributes to the development ofthe ideas.Determine an author’s point of view or purposein a text and explain how it is conveyed in thetext.Page ReferencesSE 42, 59, 124, 229, 292, 374, 453, 605, 685, 824,1037, 1065, 1068, 1072, 1078, 1083SE 118, 124, 221, 229, 292, 293, 453, 674, 824, 1037SE 221, 229, 230, 281, 446, 598, 599SE 370, 370, 371, 374, 598, 600, 818, 824, 847SE 221, 229, 370, 373, 374, 598-599, 600, 604, 606SE 121, 281, 292, 446, 449, 674, 675, 679, 684, 731,818, 824, 847, 1037© Copyright 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. 4

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Elements of Literature: Third Course ©2007 correlated to theCommon Core State Standards for English Language Arts Grade 9StandardsIntegration of Knowledge and Ideas9.RI.79.RI.89.RI.9Integrate information presented in differentmedia or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively)as well as in words to develop a coherentunderstanding of a topic or issue.Trace and evaluate the argument and specificclaims in a text, distinguishing claims that aresupported by reasons and evidence from claimsthat are not.Compare and contrast one author’s presentationof events with that of another (e.g., a memoirwritten by and a biography on the same person).Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity9.RI.10By the end of the year, read and comprehendliterary nonfiction in the grades 6–8 textcomplexity band proficiently, with scaffolding asneeded at the high end of the range.Page ReferencesSE 281-285, 286-287, 288-289, 290-293SE 370-371, 598-599, 818, 844-847SE 281-285, 286-287, 288-289, 290-293SE 38-42, 55-59, 118-124, 221-229, 281-292, 370-374, 446-453, 598-605, 674-685, 818-824, 1032-1037, 1060-1065, 1066-1068, 1069-1072, 1073-1078, 1079-1083© Copyright 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. 5

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Elements of Literature: Third Course ©2007 correlated to theCommon Core State Standards for English Language Arts Grade 9Writing StandardsText Types and Purposes9.W.19.W.1a9.W.1b9.W.1c9.W.1d9.W.1eStandardsPage ReferencesWrite arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning andrelevant and sufficient evidence.Introduce precise claim(s), distinguish theclaim(s) from alternate or opposing claims, andcreate an organization that establishes clearrelationships among claim(s), counterclaims,reasons, and evidence.Develop claim(s) and counterclaims fairly,supplying evidence for each while pointing outthe strengths and limitations of both in a mannerthat anticipates the audience’s knowledge leveland concerns.Use words, phrases, and clauses to link the majorsections of the text, create cohesion, and clarifythe relationships between claim(s) and reasons,between reasons and evidence, and betweenclaim(s) and counterclaims.Establish and maintain a formal style andobjective tone while attending to the norms andconventions of the discipline in which they arewriting.Provide a concluding statement or section thatfollows from and supports the argumentpresented.SE 208, 219, 278, 316, 382-389, 834-841SE 208, 219, 278, 316, 382-389, 834-841SE 208, 219, 278, 316, 382-389, 834-841SE 208, 219, 278, 316, 382-389, 834-841SE 208, 219, 278, 316, 385-386, 837-838© Copyright 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. 6

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Elements of Literature: Third Course ©2007 correlated to theCommon Core State Standards for English Language Arts Grade 99.W.29.W.2a9.W.2b9.W.2c9.W.2d9.W.2e9.W.2fStandardsPage ReferencesWrite informative/explanatory texts to examine and convey complex ideas, concepts, and information clearlyand accurately through the effective selection, organization, and analysis of content.Introduce a topic; organize complex ideas,concepts, and information to make importantconnections and distinctions; include formatting(e.g., headings), graphics (e.g., figures, tables),and multimedia when useful to aidingcomprehension.Develop the topic with well-chosen, relevant, andsufficient facts, extended definitions, concretedetails, quotations, or other information andexamples appropriate to the audience’sknowledge of the topic.Use appropriate and varied transitions to link themajor sections of the text, create cohesion, andclarify the relationships among complex ideasand concepts.Use precise language and domain-specificvocabulary to manage the complexity of thetopic.Establish and maintain a formal style andobjective tone while attending to the norms andconventions of the discipline in which they arewriting.Provide a concluding statement or section thatfollows from and supports the information orexplanation presented (e.g., articulatingimplications or the significance of the topic).SE 232-239, 320-327, 456-463, 556-563, 630-637,703, 706-725, 1040-1047SE 232-239, 320-327, 456-463, 556-563, 630-637,703, 706-725, 1040-1047SE 235-239, 323-327, 459-463, 559-563, 633-637,709-725, 1041-1047SE 235-239, 323-327, 459-463, 559-563, 633-637,709-725, 1041-1047SE 235-239, 323-327, 459-463, 559-563, 633-637,709-725, 1041-1047SE 235-236, 323-324, 459-460, 559-560, 633-634,709-710, 1041-1042© Copyright 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. 7

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Elements of Literature: Third Course ©2007 correlated to theCommon Core State Standards for English Language Arts Grade 99.W.39.W.3a9.W.3b9.W.3c9.W.3d9.W.3eStandardsPage ReferencesWrite narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, well-chosendetails, and well-structured event sequences.Engage and orient the reader by setting out aproblem, situation, or observation, establishingone or multiple point(s) of view, and introducinga narrator and/or characters; create a smoothprogression of experiences or events.Use narrative techniques, such as dialogue,pacing, description, reflection, and multiple plotlines, to develop experiences, events, and/orcharacters.Use a variety of techniques to sequence events sothat they build on one another to create a coherentwhole.Use precise words and phrases, telling details,and sensory language to convey a vivid picture ofthe experiences, events, setting, and/or characters.Provide a conclusion that follows from andreflects on what is experienced, observed, orresolved over the course of the narrative.SE 36, 53, 78-85, 136, 151, 154-161, 367SE 36, 53, 78-85, 136, 151, 154-161, 367SE 36, 53, 78-85, 136, 151, 154-161, 367SE 36, 53, 78-85, 136, 151, 154-161, 367SE 36, 53, 81-82-85, 136, 151, 157-158, 367© Copyright 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. 8

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Elements of Literature: Third Course ©2007 correlated to theCommon Core State Standards for English Language Arts Grade 9StandardsProduction and Distribution of Writing9.W.4Produce clear and coherent writing in which thedevelopment, organization, and style areappropriate to task, purpose, and audience.(Grade-specific expectations for writing types aredefined in standards 1–3 above.)Page ReferencesSE 16, 36, 44, 53, 62, 75, 78-85, 108, 116, 126, 136,140, 151, 154-161, 188, 195, 197, 208, 210, 219,232-239, 261, 267, 270, 278, 295, 303, 305, 309,311, 316, 320-327, 348, 357, 359, 367, 376, 380,382-389, 414, 428, 430, 434, 436, 444, 456-463,480, 483, 484, 488, 489, 492, 494, 497, 506, 507,508, 510, 511, 515, 516, 519, 520, 522, 523, 525,533, 536, 537, 538, 539, 543, 544, 547, 548, 550,551, 554, 556-563, 580, 596, 607, 621, 623, 628,630-637, 660, 671, 686, 703, 706-725, 749, 787,789, 813, 826, 831, 834-841, 870, 888, 897, 9889.W.59.W.6Develop and strengthen writing as needed byplanning, revising, editing, rewriting, or trying anew approach, focusing on addressing what ismost significant for a specific purpose andaudience. (Editing for conventions shoulddemonstrate command of Language standards 1–3 up to and including grades 9–10 on page 54.)Use technology, including the Internet, toproduce, publish, and update individual or sharedwriting products, taking advantage oftechnology’s capacity to link to other informationand to display information flexibly anddynamically.SE 78-85, 154-161, 232-239, 320-327, 382-389, 456-463, 556-563, 630-637, 706-725, 834-841, 1040-1047SE 85, 161, 239, 327, 389, 463, 563, 637, 725, 841,1047© Copyright 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. 9

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Elements of Literature: Third Course ©2007 correlated to theCommon Core State Standards for English Language Arts Grade 9StandardsResearch to Build and Present Knowledge9.W.79.W.89.W.99.W.9aConduct short as well as more sustained researchprojects to answer a question (including a selfgeneratedquestion) or solve a problem; narrowor broaden the inquiry when appropriate;synthesize multiple sources on the subject,demonstrating understanding of the subject underinvestigation.Gather relevant information from multipleauthoritative print and digital sources, usingadvanced searches effectively; assess theusefulness of each source in answering theresearch question; integrate information into thetext selectively to maintain the flow of ideas,avoiding plagiarism and following a standardformat for citation.Page ReferencesSE 221, 703, 706-724, 831SE 221, 703, 706-724, 831Draw evidence from literary or informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research.Apply grades 9–10 Reading standards toliterature (e.g., “Analyze how an author draws onand transforms source material in a specific work[e.g., how Shakespeare treats a theme or topicfrom Ovid or the Bible or how a later authordraws on a play by Shakespeare]”).SE 62-75, 98-107, 126-136, 210-219, 248-259, 261-267, 270-278, 295-303, 305-309, 336-347, 403-413, 430-434, 436-444, 476-479, 480-483, 506-507, 508-510, 511, 512-515, 516-519, 520-522,544-547, 548-550, 551-554, 574-579, 580-596,607-621, 749-787, 789-813, 814, 826-831, 869-8889.W.9bApply grades 9–10 Reading standards to literarynonfiction (e.g., “Delineate and evaluate theargument and specific claims in a text, assessingwhether the reasoning is valid and the evidence isrelevant and sufficient; identify false statementsand fallacious reasoning”).SE 38-42, 55-59, 118-124, 221-229, 281-292, 370-374, 446-453, 598-605, 674-685, 818-824, 1032-1037, 1060-1065, 1066-1068, 1069-1072, 1073-1078, 1079-1083© Copyright 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. 10

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Elements of Literature: Third Course ©2007 correlated to theCommon Core State Standards for English Language Arts Grade 9Range of Writing9.W.10StandardsWrite routinely over extended time frames (timefor research, reflection, and revision) and shortertime frames (a single sitting or a day or two) for arange of tasks, purposes, and audiences.Page ReferencesSE 16, 36, 44, 53, 62, 75, 78-85, 108, 116, 126, 136,140, 151, 154-161, 188, 195, 197, 208, 210, 219,232-239, 261, 267, 270, 278, 295, 303, 305, 309,311, 316, 320-327, 348, 357, 359, 367, 376, 380,382-389, 414, 428, 430, 434, 436, 444, 456-463,480, 483, 484, 488, 489, 492, 494, 497, 506, 507,508, 510, 511, 515, 516, 519, 520, 522, 523, 525,533, 536, 537, 538, 539, 543, 544, 547, 548, 550,551, 554, 556-563, 580, 596, 607, 621, 623, 628,630-637, 660, 671, 686, 703, 706-725, 749, 787,789, 813, 826, 831, 834-841, 870, 888, 897, 988© Copyright 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. 11

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Elements of Literature: Third Course ©2007 correlated to theCommon Core State Standards for English Language Arts Grade 9Speaking and Listening StandardsStandardsComprehension and Collaboration9.SL.19.SL.1a9.SL.1b9.SL.1c9.SL.1d9.SL.2Page ReferencesInitiate and participate effectively in a range of collaborative discussions (one-on-one, in groups, and teacherled)with diverse partners on grades 9–10 topics, texts, and issues, building on others’ ideas and expressingtheir own clearly and persuasively.Come to discussions prepared, having read andresearched material under study; explicitly drawon that preparation by referring to evidence fromtexts and other research on the topic or issue tostimulate a thoughtful, well-reasoned exchange ofideas.Work with peers to set rules for collegialdiscussions and decision-making (e.g., informalconsensus, taking votes on key issues,presentation of alternate views), clear goals anddeadlines, and individual roles as needed.Propel conversations by posing and responding toquestions that relate the current discussion tobroader themes or larger ideas; activelyincorporate others into the discussion; and clarify,verify, or challenge ideas and conclusions.Respond thoughtfully to diverse perspectives,summarize points of agreement anddisagreement, and, when warranted, qualify orjustify their own views and understanding andmake new connections in light of the evidenceand reasoning presented.Integrate multiple sources of informationpresented in diverse media or formats (e.g.,visually, quantitatively, orally) evaluating thecredibility and accuracy of each source.SE 16, 42, 137, 219, 220, 239, 247, 327, 390-393, 539,563, 596, 645, 704, 889, 988, 1026, 1027, 1031,1047SE 16, 42, 137, 219, 220, 239, 247, 327, 390-393, 539,563, 596, 645, 704, 889, 988, 1026, 1027, 1031,1047SE 16, 42, 137, 219, 220, 239, 247, 327, 390-393, 539,563, 596, 645, 704, 889, 988, 1026, 1027, 1031,1047SE 16, 42, 137, 219, 220, 239, 247, 327, 390-393, 539,563, 596, 645, 704, 889, 988, 1026, 1027, 1031,1047SE 320-327© Copyright 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. 12

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Elements of Literature: Third Course ©2007 correlated to theCommon Core State Standards for English Language Arts Grade 99.SL.3StandardsPresentation of Knowledge and Ideas9.SL.49.SL.59.SL.6Evaluate a speaker’s point of view, reasoning,and use of evidence and rhetoric, identifying anyfallacious reasoning or exaggerated or distortedevidence.Present information, findings, and supportingevidence clearly, concisely, and logically suchthat listeners can follow the line of reasoning andthe organization, development, substance, andstyle are appropriate to purpose, audience, andtask.Make strategic use of digital media (e.g., textual,graphical, audio, visual, and interactive elements)in presentations to enhance understanding offindings, reasoning, and evidence and to addinterest.Adapt speech to a variety of contexts and tasks,demonstrating command of formal English whenindicated or appropriate. See grades 9–10Language standards 1 and 3 on pages 54 forspecific expectations.)SE 320-327Page ReferencesSE 85, 86-87, 220, 463, 484, 492, 508, 510, 529, 533,543, 544, 547, 550, 554, 563, 564-565, 726-727,751, 841, 896, 921, 930, 938, 1027SE 320-327, 727SE 85, 86-87, 220, 463, 484, 492, 508, 510, 529, 533,543, 544, 547, 550, 554, 563, 564-565, 726-727,751, 841, 896, 921, 930, 938, 1027© Copyright 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. 13

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Elements of Literature: Third Course ©2007 correlated to theCommon Core State Standards for English Language Arts Grade 9Language StandardsConventions of Standard English9.L.1StandardsPage ReferencesDemonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.9.L.1a Use parallel structure.* SE 435, 1141, 11839.L.1bUse various types of phrases (noun, verb, SE 1172-1174, 1175-1176adjectival, adverbial, participial, prepositional,absolute) and clauses (independent, dependent;noun, relative, adverbial) to convey specificmeanings and add variety and interest to writingor presentations.9.L.2Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling whenwriting.9.L.2aUse a semicolon (and perhaps a conjunctive SE 1191adverb) to link two or more closely relatedindependent clauses.9.L.2b Use a colon to introduce a list or quotation. SE 11919.L.2c Spell correctly. SE 85, 161, 239, 327, 389, 463, 563, 637, 725, 841,1047, 1197-1200Knowledge of Language9.L.3Apply knowledge of language to understand how language functions in different contexts, to make effectivechoices for meaning or style, and to comprehend more fully when reading or listening.9.L.3aWrite and edit work so that it conforms to theguidelines in a style manual (e.g., MLAHandbook, Turabian’s Manual for Writers)appropriate for the discipline and writing type.SE 85, 161, 239, 327, 389, 463, 563, 637, 725, 841,1047© Copyright 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. 14

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Elements of Literature: Third Course ©2007 correlated to theCommon Core State Standards for English Language Arts Grade 9Vocabulary Acquisition and UseStandardsPage References9.L.4 Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grades 9–10reading and content, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies.9.L.4a9.L.4b9.L.4c9.L.4d9.L.59.L.5aUse context (e.g., the overall meaning of asentence, paragraph, or text; a word’s position orfunction in a sentence) as a clue to the meaningof a word or phrase.Identify and correctly use patterns of wordchanges that indicate different meanings or partsof speech (e.g., analyze, analysis, analytical;advocate, advocacy).Consult general and specialized referencematerials (e.g., dictionaries, glossaries,thesauruses), both print and digital, to find thepronunciation of a word or determine or clarifyits precise meaning, its part of speech, or itsetymology.Verify the preliminary determination of themeaning of a word or phrase (e.g., by checkingthe inferred meaning in context or in adictionary).SE 166, 196, 368, 375, 470, 522, 640, 825SE 1201-1205SE 43, 54, 125, 293, 304, 317, 445, 454, 493, 597,704, 816, 817, 832, 889, 958, 989, 1008, 1031,1038, 1149-1150SE 43, 54, 125, 293, 317, 445, 454, 493, 597, 704,816, 817, 832, 889, 958, 989, 1008, 1031, 1038,1149-1150Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings.Interpret figures of speech (e.g., euphemism,oxymoron) in context and analyze their role inthe text.SE 71, 152, 305, 309, 429, 479, 504-505, 508, 510,511, 515, 516, 519, 522, 538, 547, 550, 568, 572,580, 582, 596, 607, 621, 788, 934, 957, 1028-10299.L.5bAnalyze nuances in the meaning of words withsimilar denotations.SE 310, 435, 622, 1038© Copyright 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. 15

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Elements of Literature: Third Course ©2007 correlated to theCommon Core State Standards for English Language Arts Grade 99.L.6StandardsAcquire and use accurately general academic anddomain-specific words and phrases, sufficient forreading, writing, speaking, and listening at thecollege and career readiness level; demonstrateindependence in gathering vocabulary knowledgewhen considering a word or phrase important tocomprehension or expression.Page ReferencesSE 37, 43, 54, 76, 92, 117, 125, 137, 152, 166, 196,209, 220, 230, 242, 268, 279, 293, 304, 310, 317,330, 358, 368, 375, 398, 429, 435, 445, 454, 470,493, 522, 597, 606, 622, 640, 672, 685, 704, 732,788, 815, 816-817, 825, 832, 848, 889, 931, 958,989, 1028-1029, 1030-1031, 1038, 1056© Copyright 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. 16