Land Contamination: Technical Guidance on Special Sites: Acid Tar ...

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The potential effectiveness of remediation by natural attenuation of petroleum hydrocarbonsin groundwater arising from an acid tar lagoon will depend on the site-specific characteristics.Thus, for example, if the principal issue is dissolved benzene in groundwater then there is agreater a priori likelihood of significant natural attenuation than if the principal issue is freephaseoils.R&D <strong>Technical</strong> Report P5-042/TR/04 40
Table 6.1 - Remedial Options/Techniques – SoilsRemedialTechnologyCover systems andbarriersEncapsulationExcavation anddisposalBiological-basedprocessesPhysical-basedtechnologies (airsparging, soil vapourextraction, soilswashing)PotentialEffectiveness ofTechnologyGenerally noteffective due tomovement ofmaterial within thelagoonLimited evidencesuggestsunsuccessfulEffectiveDifficult to achieveeffectiveness forexplicit tars due tothe low pH, high tarconcentrations anddifficulty achievingthe necessarymixingUnlikely to beeffective for thelagoonOperationalRequirementsPre-treatment onsite likely to benecessary to reduceacidity andemissionsSpecialRequirementsPermitPre-treatment likely torequire WasteManagement (PPC)Licence. Liaison withlocal authorityEnvironmental Healthrequired.Mobile plant wastemanagement licenceMobile plant wastemanagement licence.Liaison with localauthority EnvironmentalHealth on atmosphericreleasesSocial/CommunityImpact IssuesCould be substantial iflocation is sensitive due tolarge numbers of vehiclemovements, odour fromexcavation andmovementsEmissions to airInformationRequirementsLong-term effectivenessof engineered barriers.Durability of treatedmaterial.Characterisation of acidtars: acidity, propensityfor sulphur dioxideemissions, free oil,other wastes presentSusceptibility of tars tobiodegradationPost Remediation ConditionsShortTermValidation√√√√√Long TermMonitoring√√√OtherR&D <strong>Technical</strong> Report P5-042/TR/04 41
Page 1 and 2: Land Conta
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTSFOREWORDiGLOSSARYii1. Intro
Page 5 and 6: FOREWORDPart IIA of the Environment
Page 7 and 8: CresolsCreosoteDCRDesorptionDesulph
Page 9 and 10: PVCRCRASelosafeSodium saltsSodium h
Page 11 and 12: 1. INTRODUCTION1.1 BackgroundThis r
Page 13 and 14: SECTION 2: INDUSTRIAL PROCESS/FACIL
Page 15 and 16: 1.5 Linkages Between the Gu
Page 17 and 18: 2.1.2 Overview of acid tar lagoon s
Page 19 and 20: Overall CommentsAcid tars can be of
Page 21 and 22: White Oil• Acid tar lagoons from
Page 23 and 24: Box 2.5 Scenario: Acid tar disposal
Page 25 and 26: 3. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERI
Page 27 and 28: Table 3.1 - General Physical Charac
Page 29 and 30: The chemicals listed in Table B.1,
Page 31 and 32: 4.2.3 Common mistakesIt is possible
Page 33 and 34: Geophysical methods, such as resist
Page 35 and 36: Investigation locations will need t
Page 37 and 38: • gas chromatography by simulatin
Page 39 and 40: 5.2.2 Water environmentThere is lit
Page 41 and 42: 5.3 Assessment of Investigation Dat
Page 43 and 44: 6. REMEDIATION ASPECTSKEY QUESTIONS
Page 45 and 46: 6.2.5 Solidification and stabilisat
Page 47 and 48: Box 6.1 Example of Remediation of A
Page 49: 6.3 Natural AttenuationNatural atte
Page 53 and 54: Table 6.2 - Remedial Options/Techni
Page 55 and 56: 6.4 ValidationThe principles of val
Page 57 and 58: • all personnel should follow a d
Page 59 and 60: Verschueren (1983) Handbook of Envi
Page 61 and 62: USEPA. Innovative Site Remediation

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