Lighting Up General Chemistry with Solar Fuel Cell and ... - Azwestern
Lighting Up General Chemistry with Solar Fuel Cell and ... - Azwestern
Lighting Up General Chemistry with Solar Fuel Cell and ... - Azwestern
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<strong>Lighting</strong> <strong>Up</strong> <strong>General</strong> <strong>Chemistry</strong> <strong>with</strong><strong>Solar</strong> <strong>Fuel</strong> <strong>Cell</strong> & Photosynthesis Labs44 acres4.6MW PV <strong>Solar</strong>Springerville, AZScott DonnellyArizona Western College
<strong>Solar</strong> <strong>Fuel</strong> <strong>Cell</strong> LabsNSF CCLI grant (DUE-0736746)
$400 per kit;$8K per lab (20 students)
Electrolyzer2H 2 O 2H 2 + O 2<strong>Fuel</strong> <strong>Cell</strong>2H 2 + O 2 2H 2 OO 2<strong>Solar</strong> panel,45 O fixed angleH 2fanMultimeter,Volts (V)DecaderesistorMultimeter,Amps (mA)
<strong>Solar</strong> Panel Efficiency, ηη =Power Out*Power In**: W•m -2Polycrystalline Panel
<strong>Solar</strong> Panel Efficiency Lab Setuppyranometer, W/m 250 or 75W halogen light = Power In(measured <strong>with</strong> pyranometer)<strong>Solar</strong> <strong>Fuel</strong> <strong>Cell</strong>www.licor.com>30cmdistance (min.)Power Out max determinedfrom Current-Voltage Curve
Light Meter & Pyranometer Sensor$225$700www.licor.com
Current, ICurrent-Voltage Curvefor <strong>Solar</strong> PanelShort circuit amperageR = 0, V = 0P max = V•I maxArea = 40cm 2Open circuit voltageR = ∝, I = 0Voltage, V
Some Sample Pre-lab Questions1. In today’s lab you’ll determine the efficiency of thefuel cell’s solar panel. Suppose a solar panel is 9%efficient. Give a brief description of what you think9% efficient means.2. In today’s lab you’ll experimentally determine therelationship between the solar panel’s power outputversus the intensity of light incident on the panel.Using the empty axes below predict the relationshipbetween these two variables.PowerOutLight Intensity
Other experiments involve: efficiency of electrolyzer efficiency of fuel cell (spring2010) rate of hydrogen & oxygengas production
Using the Natural Worldas LaboratoryBougainvillae
In Vivo PhotosynthesisLabs6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + hνh C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2is the most famous redox reactionin nature. Why is it not taught inchemistry courses?NSF CCLI grant (DUE-0736746)
South-facing sideNorth-facing sideNWES
1. Which leaf has the greater chlorophyll concentration?2. When exposed to identical light intensity conditions,which leaf consumes more CO 2 per unit time?North-facingSouth-facingLeaf areas are approximately equal.
Chlorophyll Concentration Meter (CCM)Source: www.apogeeinstruments.com
*Air bag, light dimmerswitch, & laptop arenot shown.AQubit Systems$3,600A = 50W halogen light*11cmBB = leaf chamberC = light sensorD = drying columnDCEE = gas linesF = CO 2 analyzerG = data acquisitionH = gas flow meterFGHII = gas pump*: variable voltage = variable intensity
MaryZuniga2-2½ feetApprox. 4 feet
With or <strong>with</strong>outcolored filter*Gas entry & exit tubingare not visible.topLeafchamberbottomLight sensor,mcmoles quantam 2 •s -1
CO 2 source = ambient air∆CO 2CO 2levelschange <strong>with</strong>light intensityLight intensityadjusted <strong>with</strong>dimmer switch
40302010
In the fieldphotosynthesis dependson light intensity.Bougainvillae6ft∆CO 2(ppm)Interior leafExterior leaf0 100 200 300Time (s)
Pre-lab Questions:1. To gauge if photosynthesis is blue light dependent, whatshould be the color of the transparent filter?2. Suppose photosynthesis is indeed blue light dependent.On the empty axis draw the curve for the experiments<strong>with</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>with</strong>out the filter.LightOff Onfilter color?CO 2chamberlight sensorTime
Photosynthesis is red <strong>and</strong> bluewavelength dependent.LightOff OnRed filterlight sensorredfilter*leafchamberCO 2minus blue lightTimeNo filter*: Red filter removes blue wavelengths.
AcknowledgementsNSF Course, Curriculum, <strong>and</strong> LaboratoryImprovement (CCLI) grant (DUE- 0736746)<strong>General</strong> <strong>Chemistry</strong> 2 studentsLeigh Rexius, Kourtney McClellan, & MaryZunigaYour attendanceMy daughter
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