Website of the Red Cross Road Safety Campaign - first aid education
Website of the Red Cross Road Safety Campaign - first aid education
Website of the Red Cross Road Safety Campaign - first aid education
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The Good Practice Guideon <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong>and First Aid Educationfor Childrenpublished by:<strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>/EU OfficeRue Belliard 651040 Brussels – BelgiumTel: +32 2 2 35 06 80E-mail: infoboard@redcross-eu.net<strong>Website</strong>: www.redcross-eu.netEditor: <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> Reference Centre for First Aid EducationFrench <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>Place Henry Dunant 175008 Paris – France<strong>Website</strong> www.croix-rouge.netIn cooperation with <strong>the</strong> members <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Steering Group<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> European <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> <strong>Campaign</strong>.Brussels 2004Responsible editor: Luc HenskensEditorial staff: Eric Bernes, Diane Issard, Ute MöhringAuthors: Eric Bernes, Emilie Goller, Diane Issard,Ute Möhring, Angela Nesheva, Annamari Raikkola,Georgia von Schlieffen, Susanne Schunder,Marcel Stefanik, Matjaz Vrtovek.Production: German <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>Carstennstrasse 5812205 Berlin – Germany<strong>Website</strong> www.drk.deDesign: e-BILDWERKE, www.e-bildwerke.comIllustrations: Reinhild KassingTranslation: allround GmbH von der LühePrinting: eps GmbH, Kassel2
ContentEditorial 5Foreword by <strong>the</strong> European Commission 6Foreword by Toyota Motor Europe 7Introduction 81. How to make <strong>the</strong> road from home to school safe 14ActivitiesSurvey about dangerous places in a neighbourhood – France 15A walking bus to go to school – United Kingdom 16A school bus as a mobile <strong>education</strong>al tool – Germany 17Car sharing – United Kingdom 18ToolsStreetsense – United Kingdom 192. How to promote proper behaviour in traffic 20Activities<strong>Safety</strong> for children as car passengers – Germany 21Glowing in <strong>the</strong> dark – Finland 22Play ‘We on <strong>the</strong> road’ – France 23Footsteps – United Kingdom 24A week dedicated to road safety – United Kingdom 25Lulli, <strong>the</strong> police bear – Iceland 26Tools<strong>Road</strong> safety activities guide – Denmark 27Web site <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> second <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> <strong>Campaign</strong> – Europe 28<strong>Road</strong> safety book for children ‘Peter and Ann in traffic’ – Estonia 29<strong>Website</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> ‘Hedgehogs’ campaign – United Kingdom 30Songs for children’s road safety – United Kingdom 31The stamps <strong>of</strong> safety – Italy 32Young Health Care Officer Magazine – Czech Republic 333. How to teach children to cycle safely 34ActivitiesVoluntary bicycle riding license – Austria 35‘Les enfantilleries’ – France 36Become <strong>the</strong> king/queen <strong>of</strong> cycling – Belgium 37The little driver’s license – Denmark 38ToolsBikewise – United Kingdom 393
4. How to make children play a role in road safety 40ActivitiesPupils acting as road crossing guards – Germany 41First-form pupils present road safety to younger children – France 42Behaviour lessons through competition – Romania 43Children teach children – Latvia 44A video clip on road safety and First Aid – Luxembourg 45Competition ‘<strong>Safety</strong> for all’ – France 465. How to teach children lifesaving procedures 47ActivitiesFirst Aid information in schools – Denmark 48First Aid Competition – Lithuania 49Awareness sessions on road safety and First Aid – Portugal 50‘This summer, I tan useful’ – France and Belgium 51‚Helfi helps you to help‘ – Austria 52Learning First Aid while having fun – Slovenia 53Tools‘First five minutes’ – Slovakia 544
Editorial<strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> : A Contribution <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> National <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> Societies in EuropeEvery day throughout <strong>the</strong> world, <strong>the</strong> National <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> and <strong>Red</strong> Crescent Societies come to <strong>the</strong> assistance <strong>of</strong>people who are at utmost risk from situations that threaten <strong>the</strong>ir survival or <strong>the</strong>ir capacity to live with anacceptable level <strong>of</strong> social and economic security and human dignity.The <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> and <strong>Red</strong> Crescent act in response to needs. It is thus not a surprise that national societies joinedefforts in <strong>the</strong> European Union to respond to one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> biggest man-made disasters <strong>the</strong> world has created foritself today.We were pleased when <strong>the</strong> European Commission recognised <strong>the</strong> extent <strong>of</strong> our network and our potential tomobilise civil society actors to contribute to <strong>the</strong> EU objective <strong>of</strong> reducing <strong>the</strong> number <strong>of</strong> deaths on <strong>the</strong> road byhalf over <strong>the</strong> next 10 years.A <strong>first</strong> European <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> <strong>Campaign</strong> started in 2001, primarily targeting young novice driversbetween 18 and 25 and focusing on raising awareness and teaching simple First Aid techniques. In 2003, <strong>the</strong><strong>Campaign</strong> was extended to reach out to school children, a particular vulnerable group in road traffic, and <strong>the</strong>deployment <strong>of</strong> activities in 26 European countries.Joining forces is <strong>of</strong>ten <strong>the</strong> most effective and efficient way to improve road safety and <strong>the</strong> success <strong>of</strong> thisEuropean <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> <strong>Campaign</strong> was made possible thanks to <strong>the</strong> co-operation and involvement <strong>of</strong> manypartners: numerous organisations, associations, schools, municipalities, local authorities, <strong>the</strong> EuropeanCommission and private firms such as Toyota.Our activities over <strong>the</strong> last three years have created valuable insights in good practice, views and initiatives.Often <strong>the</strong>se useful examples do not go beyond <strong>the</strong> local level, while <strong>the</strong>y could be beneficial to o<strong>the</strong>rs. We<strong>the</strong>refore decided to facilitate <strong>the</strong> exchange <strong>of</strong> experiences and networking by producing this Good PracticeGuide. The guide should <strong>of</strong>fer a sound argument for all those wanting to advocate road safety and First Aid forchildren both on community, school, political and strategic level.Luc HenskensDirector <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>/EU Office5
Foreword by <strong>the</strong> European CommissionThe European Commission has been promoting road safety for decades and a strong impetus was given in2003 with <strong>the</strong> adoption <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> third European road safety action programme. The full title is self-explanatory :“halving <strong>the</strong> number <strong>of</strong> road accident victims by 2010 – a shared responsibility”.In 2004, more than 50,000 people will die and more than two million will suffer from injuries after road accidentsin <strong>the</strong> 25 countries <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> European Union. Such a human, social and economic disaster is clearly unacceptableand vigorous action is required. Even though action can be very efficient provided that all those bearing a part<strong>of</strong> responsibility take it seriously, I regret to admit that this is presently <strong>the</strong> case only in a minority <strong>of</strong> countries.Thankfully, children are not <strong>the</strong> age group at <strong>the</strong> highest risk. However, <strong>the</strong>y are <strong>the</strong> teenagers and young adults<strong>of</strong> tomorrow, and <strong>the</strong>n <strong>the</strong>ir share in road accidents will be twice as high as <strong>the</strong>ir share in <strong>the</strong> entire population.This is why it is important to educate children in road safety, and this should be done as early as possible.In order to address this sensitive problem, <strong>the</strong> European Commission has given a grant to <strong>the</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> fora Europe-wide road safety campaign targeting children. Of particular interest is <strong>the</strong> fact that this campaign isamong <strong>the</strong> very <strong>first</strong> ones which directly involves <strong>the</strong> citizens <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> ten new member countries. This will contributeto streng<strong>the</strong>ning <strong>the</strong> European citizenship all across Europe.An important part <strong>of</strong> this campaign is <strong>the</strong> promotion <strong>of</strong> best practices in road safety <strong>education</strong>, based on examples<strong>of</strong> successful initiatives collected in as many countries as possible.I am particularly grateful for <strong>the</strong> contribution <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> which, for <strong>the</strong> second time after a successfulcampaign targeting 15 to 25 year old persons, proved to be a very efficient partner in our fight for safer roads.Moreover, I am glad for this opportunity to deliver a simple message to all parents and teachers: road safetyis a serious issue and you have a duty to educate children in that respect.Let us distribute and use <strong>the</strong> guide as widely as possible, for <strong>the</strong> sake <strong>of</strong> all our children!Loyola de PalacioVice-President <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> European Commission6
Foreword by Toyota Motor EuropeAs a global automobile manufacturer with a strong commitment to Europe, we aim to do everything we can toimprove <strong>the</strong> safety <strong>of</strong> all road users as well as for car drivers and passengers. For many years now, Toyota inJapan has a road safety programme specifically aimed at school children. We recognise that children are amongst<strong>the</strong> most vulnerable <strong>of</strong> road users; <strong>the</strong>y also represent our future.That is why Toyota Motor Europe warmly welcomes <strong>the</strong> opportunity to support <strong>the</strong> European <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> <strong>Road</strong><strong>Safety</strong> <strong>Campaign</strong> 2003-2004 “You’ve only got one life… So take care!” The uniqueness <strong>of</strong> this campaign is thatit integrates First Aid training for children, teaching <strong>the</strong>m <strong>the</strong> practical actions to save lives in case <strong>of</strong> accidents,while raising <strong>the</strong>ir awareness <strong>of</strong> road safety and <strong>the</strong> steps <strong>the</strong>y can take to enhance it.Ano<strong>the</strong>r added value for <strong>the</strong> campaign, we believe, was <strong>the</strong> participation <strong>of</strong> 26 <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> national societies,with whom many <strong>of</strong> Toyota’s national marketing and sales companies and retailers have partnerships and performjoint activities. We very much appreciate <strong>the</strong> enthusiasm <strong>of</strong> both campaigners and participants alike. Bygenerating synergies across Europe and with <strong>the</strong> grass-roots style <strong>of</strong> this campaign, we hope to reach as manychildren and parents as possible.We are very pleased that this Good Practice Guide is published as a visible product and enduring record <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>campaign. The guide is an interesting selection <strong>of</strong> hands-on experience. We hope that it will be widely used toshare and learn from <strong>the</strong> variety <strong>of</strong> good initiatives stimulated by <strong>the</strong> campaign, and that <strong>the</strong> circle <strong>of</strong> good roadsafety practice expands.We know that efforts to improve <strong>the</strong> safety-consciousness <strong>of</strong> all road users must continue. But <strong>the</strong> partnershipwith <strong>the</strong> European <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> societies enables us to share <strong>the</strong> aspiration and pursue a common goal for abetter and safer society.James Rosenstein,Vice President, External Affairs, Toyota Motor Europe7
IntroductionThe Good Practice Guide on <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> and First Aid Education for ChildrenThis guide was developed by <strong>the</strong> National <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> societies <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> European Union and <strong>the</strong> accessioncountries 1 within <strong>the</strong> framework <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> European <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> <strong>Campaign</strong> 2003-2004, ‘You’ve onlygot one life...So take care!’ObjectivesThe guide presents local road safety and First Aid practices that have proven valuable for improving road safetyfor children by making <strong>the</strong> way from home to school and back safer, teaching children how to be safe on <strong>the</strong>roads and how to behave in case <strong>of</strong> a crash. It is meant to encourage o<strong>the</strong>r communities and organisations toreplicate <strong>the</strong>se practices in <strong>the</strong>ir own context.The guide is structured in such a way that it allows sharing experiences within <strong>the</strong> European Union and outside.Target AudienceThe guide is intended to be a supportive tool to anyone interested in improving <strong>the</strong>ir community’s capacity tobetter protect and save <strong>the</strong> lives <strong>of</strong> children on <strong>the</strong> roads. It is targeted towards parents, teachers, <strong>education</strong>albodies, local authorities and o<strong>the</strong>r relevant stakeholders.The Selection <strong>of</strong> Practices and <strong>the</strong>ir PresentationThe Good Practice Guide contains 36 practices that have been chosen according to:. <strong>the</strong> relevance to <strong>the</strong> subject and <strong>the</strong> audiences,. <strong>the</strong> level <strong>of</strong> achieving its development and implementation,. <strong>the</strong> ease <strong>of</strong> adaptation to o<strong>the</strong>r contexts.The success rates <strong>of</strong> each practice and <strong>the</strong> level <strong>of</strong> positive feedback it received were also taken intoconsideration.The practices are classified into five topics, each covering activities and tools. These are:. How to make <strong>the</strong> road from home to school safe. How to promote proper behaviour in traffic. How to teach children to cycle safely. How to make children play a role in road safety. How to teach children lifesaving proceduresThe outline <strong>of</strong> each practice is presented on a separate page and summarised in identical sections and iconsthat illustrate key aspects and relevant information for its development and implementation. The same structureis used for each practice to facilitate <strong>the</strong> comparison <strong>of</strong> practices. A practice can be ei<strong>the</strong>r an activity or a tool.The contact details <strong>of</strong> each organisation that developed <strong>the</strong> initiative are included at <strong>the</strong> bottom so thatinterested parties can contact <strong>the</strong> organisation concerned for any extra guidance or assistance.The layout <strong>of</strong> each practice is as follows:TitleName <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> practiceTopicWhat aspect <strong>of</strong> road safety or First Aid is covered8
Target group(s)Who <strong>the</strong> activity or tool is forObjective(s)Purposes <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> practiceDescriptionAn outline <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activity or toolMethodology – RequirementsThe approaches, methods or materials used to develop and implement <strong>the</strong> practiceResultsThe main qualitative and quantitative resultsAssumption – Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activityThe major lessons learnt from those who developed and implemented <strong>the</strong> practice.ContactDetailed information on <strong>the</strong> organisation in charge <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> practiceThe colour <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> traffic light gives an idea <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> level <strong>of</strong> difficulty with respect todeveloping and implementing <strong>the</strong> practice. A red light means difficult to develop andimplement, yellow indicates a medium level, and green means easy.This sign indicates that <strong>the</strong> example is an activityThis sign indicates that <strong>the</strong> example is a toolContent <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> GuideThe guide is not an exhaustive account <strong>of</strong> every aspect in <strong>the</strong> field <strong>of</strong> child road safety but instead represents<strong>the</strong> main areas <strong>of</strong> concern and highlights some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> major child road safety initiatives in <strong>the</strong> European Unionand <strong>the</strong> accession countries.The initiatives have outlined some good practice criteria that should be considered when designing new roadsafety programmes for children. Namely:. Initiatives should be locally rooted and relevant to <strong>the</strong> needs <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> local community.. There needs to be involvement from all stakeholders – children, parents, teachers, <strong>education</strong>al bodies, localauthorities and o<strong>the</strong>r relevant institutions and multipliers.. Local, regional or national partnerships between <strong>the</strong> public and private sector and civil society are extremelybeneficial to <strong>the</strong> success <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se initiatives.. Initiatives should be short and simple to implement and repeat.. Plans should be realistic.. Behavioural changes can be effected by means <strong>of</strong> training programmes and o<strong>the</strong>r preventive and dissuasiveenforcement measures.. All initiatives should be assessed for <strong>the</strong>ir impact and sustainability.9
Availability and Distribution <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> GuideThe guide is available in <strong>the</strong> following 13 languages: Danish, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek,Hungarian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Slovenian and Spanish.It is available in both printed form and on CD-ROM. These can be obtained from <strong>the</strong> national societies <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>participating countries, contact details <strong>of</strong> which can be found in <strong>the</strong> Internet atwww.ifrc.org/address/directory.asp.The guide is also available from <strong>the</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>/European Union Office65 rue Belliard, Box 71040 Brussels – BELGIUMTelephone: +32 2 2 35 06 80Fax: +32 2 2 30 54 64E-mail: infoboard@redcross-eu.netThe guide can also be downloaded as a PDF file from:. www.1-life.info/guide. www.<strong>first</strong><strong>aid</strong>inaction.net<strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> and ChildrenAccording to a UNICEF report on OECD countries, road traffic accidents are <strong>the</strong> greatest single threat <strong>of</strong> deathor injury for children. In 2001, a UK survey <strong>of</strong> parents <strong>of</strong> primary school children found that <strong>the</strong> fear <strong>of</strong> roadtraffic accidents was <strong>the</strong> most worrying threat to <strong>the</strong>ir children. This concern is shared by many o<strong>the</strong>r Europeanparents and guardians.The table below shows <strong>the</strong> number <strong>of</strong> children in <strong>the</strong> European Union killed or injured in road accidents in <strong>the</strong>last five years. 2120001000080006000boysgirls400020000cyclists pedestrians car passengersChildren (under 11 years old) killed or seriously injured in road accidents in <strong>the</strong>European Union (15) over <strong>the</strong> last 5 years ( 2 )Children are one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> most vulnerable group <strong>of</strong> road users because <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir size and lack <strong>of</strong> experience in roadtraffic. If you knelt down and viewed <strong>the</strong> street as seen by a child, you would understand how different <strong>the</strong> viewis when you are less than one metre tall. Children do not have a clear vision <strong>of</strong> traffic and <strong>the</strong>y have difficultyjudging both speed and distance. For example, a child may see a car coming at top speed but still think it hasenough time to pick up a ball that has rolled onto <strong>the</strong> road.10
When children get <strong>of</strong>f a bus or if cars are parked near a zebra crossing, <strong>the</strong>y are not able to see oncoming cars.They also have difficulty recognising road signs. Children on cycles are also in danger as <strong>the</strong>y usually cannotdifferentiate between traffic-free play areas and roadways where traffic flows freely. Children are also at risk aspassengers in vehicles because a booster seat is <strong>of</strong>ten not used, even though it is required until a child reaches<strong>the</strong> age <strong>of</strong> 10 or even 12. In nearly 50% <strong>of</strong> all vehicle accidents involving children <strong>the</strong>y are ei<strong>the</strong>r not at all orincorrectly restrained.Engaging ChildrenChildren should not be considered mere victims. They also have <strong>the</strong> potential to protect <strong>the</strong>mselves from traffichazards and are usually eager to learn. During First Aid training courses for example, <strong>the</strong>y are always ready toplay <strong>the</strong> rescuer or <strong>the</strong> victim in simulation exercises. With <strong>the</strong> proper <strong>education</strong>, children can be encouraged tolearn road safety and lifesaving measures and to understand <strong>the</strong> importance <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se skills. This training mayalso make <strong>the</strong>m safer drivers in <strong>the</strong> future. For training to be truly effective however, all stakeholders (parents,teachers, local authorities etc.) must work toge<strong>the</strong>r to create a learning environment for children.First AidIncorporating road safety and First Aid training into <strong>the</strong> school curriculum has proven to be one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> mosteffective ways <strong>of</strong> providing children with <strong>the</strong> knowledge and skills that allow <strong>the</strong>m to deal with <strong>the</strong> ‘hostile’ trafficenvironment. To produce best results however, this training should be combined with wide-ranging safetymeasures such as driver training, <strong>the</strong> provision <strong>of</strong> safe pedestrian and crossing areas, emergency preparednessand response services and enforcement <strong>of</strong> traffic regulations.Since road safety and First Aid <strong>education</strong> may not have <strong>the</strong>ir own time slots in <strong>the</strong> school curriculum in manycountries, <strong>the</strong>ir development and implementation relies largely upon <strong>the</strong> mobilisation <strong>of</strong> children and stakeholders.Consideration should <strong>the</strong>refore be given to boosting <strong>the</strong> attractiveness <strong>of</strong> road safety and First Aid<strong>education</strong> programmes.National <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> Societies and <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong>There are National <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> societies in all EU and accession countries, all <strong>of</strong> which are members <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>International Federation <strong>of</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> and <strong>Red</strong> Crescent societies (http://www.ifrc.org). The Federationrepresents all 181 National <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> and <strong>Red</strong> Crescent societies world-wide. Its mission is to improve <strong>the</strong> lives<strong>of</strong> vulnerable people by mobilising <strong>the</strong> power <strong>of</strong> humanity. Vulnerable people are those who are at greatest riskfrom situations that threaten <strong>the</strong>ir survival or <strong>the</strong>ir capacity to live with an acceptable level <strong>of</strong> social andeconomic security and human dignity.National societies act as assistants to <strong>the</strong> public authorities in <strong>the</strong>ir countries in <strong>the</strong> humanitarian field and providea range <strong>of</strong> services, including disaster relief, health and social programmes. All this work is governed by <strong>the</strong>seven fundamental principles <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> and <strong>Red</strong> Crescent, which are humanity, impartiality, neutrality,independence, voluntary service, unity, and universality.The National <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> societies in <strong>the</strong> EU and accession countries address <strong>the</strong> needs <strong>of</strong> vulnerable road users:. by facilitating road safety partnerships between government departments, private sector bodies and localcommunities;. by assisting vulnerable road users through First Aid training, First Aid posts, ambulance services,psychological support and social assistance programmes;. by staging national road safety campaigns targeted at drivers, decision-makers and <strong>the</strong> population at large.There are also supportive regional networks that bring all or some European national societies toge<strong>the</strong>r to workon First Aid, psychological support, youth and volunteering programmes.On account <strong>of</strong> its ongoing role in this field, <strong>the</strong> International Federation <strong>of</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> and <strong>Red</strong> CrescentSocieties was invited to be a founding member <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Global <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> Partnership (GRSP -www.grsproadsafety.org), which brings toge<strong>the</strong>r stakeholders from civil society, government and <strong>the</strong> business11
community to pro-actively tackle <strong>the</strong> problems <strong>of</strong> road accidents in developing and transition countries. TheWorld Bank initiated <strong>the</strong> programme and <strong>the</strong> Federation Secretariat hosts <strong>the</strong> GRSP Secretariat.First Aid and road safety was one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> goals <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> plan <strong>of</strong> action 2000-2003 <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> XXVII. InternationalConference <strong>of</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> and <strong>Red</strong> Crescent 3 held in 1999. This plan <strong>of</strong> action asked for ‘improved health forvulnerable people based on streng<strong>the</strong>ning <strong>the</strong> co-operation between states and national societies’.First Aid is universally recognised as an integral part <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> work <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>/<strong>Red</strong> Crescent, and with itsnetwork <strong>of</strong> millions <strong>of</strong> active volunteers and pr<strong>of</strong>essionals, <strong>the</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>/<strong>Red</strong> Crescent remains both a majorprovider <strong>of</strong> emergency services and a reference for <strong>education</strong>al programmes in this respect. First Aid <strong>education</strong>programmes involve and centre on <strong>the</strong> beneficiaries, showing consideration for and paying respect to local conditions,culture and capacities. Fur<strong>the</strong>rmore, training people to cope with road injuries should include informationrelated to reducing both <strong>the</strong> risk <strong>of</strong> a crash by wearing reflective materials or not driving after drinking alcohol,and reducing <strong>the</strong> severity <strong>of</strong> injuries by wearing helmets when riding a motorcycle or scooter.The <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> and First Aid <strong>Campaign</strong>s Organised by <strong>the</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> in EuropeFrom February 2003 to May 2004, <strong>the</strong> National <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> societies <strong>of</strong> 26 European countries conducted a roadsafety campaign:. 14 national societies in <strong>the</strong> European Union4(Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and <strong>the</strong> United Kingdom),. 11 national societies in accession countries (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania,Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Romania),. Icelandic <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>.The campaign was managed by <strong>the</strong> German <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> on behalf <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>/European Union Office.The European Commission, Directorate General for Transport and Energy, and Toyota Motor Europe supported<strong>the</strong> campaign financially. In addition to this, <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> staff and volunteers, schools, parents, local communities,road safety organisations and private companies took part in this pan-European project.With <strong>the</strong> slogan ‘You’ve only got one life...So take care!’, <strong>the</strong> campaign focused on primary school children andthose in charge <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir well-being. The aim <strong>of</strong> this campaign was to contribute to reducing <strong>the</strong> number <strong>of</strong> schoolchildren injured and killed in road traffic accidents across <strong>the</strong> EU and candidate countries by providing information,raising awareness, exchanging good practices on road safety as well as First Aid <strong>education</strong> in schoolsand local communities. Events were organised and materials distributed to provide road users from a veryyoung age onwards continuously and systematically with insight, knowledge, information, skills and materials inorder to enable <strong>the</strong>m to change <strong>the</strong>ir behaviour and adopt simple measures that make <strong>the</strong>m safer on <strong>the</strong> roadsto/from school, be <strong>the</strong>y in a car, walking, bicycling or travelling by standard bus, tram or school bus.Messages and materials developed for <strong>the</strong> campaign are available on <strong>the</strong> campaign website(www.1-life.info). As an example <strong>of</strong> campaign activities, 500,000 reflectors were distributed to children in <strong>the</strong> 26participating countries. These reflectors make children visible at 150 meters for a car driver using low-beamheadlights.This guide is a major result <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> campaign. The European Reference Centre for First Aid Education (hosted by<strong>the</strong> French <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> – www.<strong>first</strong><strong>aid</strong>inaction.net) and <strong>the</strong> campaign’s steering group contributed to its publication.This campaign is built upon <strong>the</strong> successful achievements <strong>of</strong> a previous campaign in <strong>the</strong> EU (15 countries at thattime) conducted by <strong>the</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> in 2001–2002 with <strong>the</strong> support <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> European Commission, DG Energy andTransport in <strong>the</strong> context <strong>of</strong> its transport policy. The campaign targeted young people aged 15 to 25. It is presentedon: www.1-life.info.Creating a European FeelingThe advantages <strong>of</strong> a pan-European campaign are <strong>first</strong> <strong>of</strong> all <strong>the</strong> contacts and links established between peoplefrom different parts <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> region as well as from different sectors and organisations. Fur<strong>the</strong>rmore, sharing experiencesand benchmarking practices helps to promote and streng<strong>the</strong>n local initiatives as well as introduce newideas and approaches.Working toge<strong>the</strong>r to achieve <strong>the</strong> same goal has a strong impact because people cooperate and motivate eacho<strong>the</strong>r in cross-border and cross-organisation cooperations.12
European Added ValueThe added value <strong>of</strong> working in a pan-European setting has shown to be <strong>of</strong> great importance throughout <strong>the</strong> wholecampaign. It created and fostered a feeling <strong>of</strong> belonging and being part <strong>of</strong> a larger context for most <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Red</strong><strong>Cross</strong> societies involved in <strong>the</strong> campaign.The wider European context was a strong motivation and played an important part in its success. All partnersworked towards a common goal and mutual messages within <strong>the</strong>ir communities, while also being flexible enoughto adapt <strong>the</strong>ir activities to local needs and capacities.This flexible and innovative implementation formed an effective platform to exchange best practices within <strong>the</strong>partnership. At meetings, <strong>the</strong> different partners had <strong>the</strong> opportunity to find out how road safety activities are putinto practice in o<strong>the</strong>r regions. Good practices and ideas were exchanged and some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se were implementedby sister societies.Altoge<strong>the</strong>r, <strong>the</strong>y were also able to develop common materials while considering different local conditions andcapacities. These materials were well-received and accepted by <strong>the</strong> communities <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 26 countries taking partin <strong>the</strong> campaign.The EU EnlargementThe campaign was carried out just before <strong>the</strong> biggest enlargement <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> European Union, with 10 new MemberStates about to join in May 2004. By making <strong>the</strong> campaign cover both <strong>the</strong> EU and <strong>the</strong> accession countries, itcontributed to bringing <strong>the</strong> EU closer to <strong>the</strong> volunteers and staff <strong>of</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> societies as well as <strong>the</strong> local communities,both in <strong>the</strong> current and new member states. For many <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> societies it was <strong>the</strong>ir <strong>first</strong> contact with<strong>the</strong> EU, both as institution and donor.The <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> FeelingThe campaign also contributed to streng<strong>the</strong>ning <strong>the</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> feeling. Many volunteers and employees <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>, both regionally and locally, are rarely in contact with <strong>the</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> organisations outside <strong>the</strong>ircountry. The people involved in <strong>the</strong> campaign felt strongly that <strong>the</strong>y belonged to a wider community.The volunteers and staff <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> felt both proud and enthusiastic to be a part <strong>of</strong> a pan-Europeanproject.Working Toge<strong>the</strong>r Creates Many More Opportunities than Working AloneThis European <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> <strong>Campaign</strong> also improved <strong>the</strong> co-operation between <strong>the</strong> National <strong>Red</strong><strong>Cross</strong> societies and local and regional stakeholders. Sharing methodology, ideas, experiences and informationwas mutually beneficial to all. The respective National <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> societies and <strong>the</strong>ir local partners also gainedin credibility thanks to <strong>the</strong> European dimension: it was easier for <strong>the</strong>m to promote <strong>the</strong> campaign in <strong>the</strong>ircountries.Fur<strong>the</strong>rmore, this campaign is inspiring for countries in o<strong>the</strong>r parts <strong>of</strong> Europe and regions beyond Europeanborders. Accordingly, some replications are studied to help <strong>the</strong>se communities benefit from <strong>the</strong> experiencesgained and materials developed in order to protect and save more lives on roads.The success <strong>of</strong> this European <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> <strong>Campaign</strong> was made possible thanks to <strong>the</strong> co-operation andinvolvement <strong>of</strong> many partners: numerous organisations, associations, schools, municipalities, local authorities,<strong>the</strong> European Commission and private firms such as Toyota, who worked toge<strong>the</strong>r in order to improve roadsafety for children.13
1. How to Make <strong>the</strong> <strong>Road</strong> from Home to School SafeChildren are confronted with dangers on <strong>the</strong> road at any time and anywhere. But <strong>the</strong>re is one particular road that<strong>the</strong>y use almost daily and that between two and four times: <strong>the</strong> road from home to school and back. Statisticsga<strong>the</strong>red in <strong>the</strong> European Union road accidents database ‘CARE’ 5 , show that accident rates for children agedfrom 6 to 11 peak in <strong>the</strong> morning, when <strong>the</strong>y are on <strong>the</strong> way to school, and again, to a lesser degree, in <strong>the</strong> afternoonwhen <strong>the</strong>y are on <strong>the</strong> way home.Indeed, for both children, and adults, most accidents occur on daily routes: <strong>the</strong> danger is all <strong>the</strong> more importantsince <strong>the</strong>y have <strong>the</strong> impression <strong>of</strong> knowing <strong>the</strong> route well. Thus, children consider that <strong>the</strong>y are safe on <strong>the</strong> roadfrom home to school, which is a serious mistake. They just don’t realise what could happen if <strong>the</strong>y do not payenough attention. That is why it is all-important to make efforts to secure <strong>the</strong> road from home to school. Makingschool roads safer implies identifying <strong>the</strong> danger zones or situations and informing children about <strong>the</strong>m, as wellas implementing related preventive and corrective measures. The number <strong>of</strong> cars on <strong>the</strong> road has to be reduced,for instance, by using o<strong>the</strong>r means <strong>of</strong> transport. In <strong>the</strong> European Union, about 75% <strong>of</strong> everyday journeysby car are spent on journeys <strong>of</strong> less than 5 km. Parents should adopt alternative modes <strong>of</strong> transport, such aswalking, cycling, using public transport or car pooling. This will also help <strong>the</strong>ir children make <strong>the</strong> choice <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>irmode <strong>of</strong> transport when <strong>the</strong>y are old enough.In this section, you will find good practices, which should help you make <strong>the</strong> journey to school and back a saferone for children.14
Survey about dangerous places in a neighbourhoodTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to make <strong>the</strong> road from home to school safe. Children. Parents. To make children and parents aware <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> dangers<strong>the</strong>y can encounter on <strong>the</strong> way to school.. To encourage <strong>the</strong> authorities to reduce <strong>the</strong> risks where necessary.DescriptionBased on a list <strong>of</strong> dangers and a map <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> district, children point out which places represent a danger for <strong>the</strong>mwith <strong>the</strong> help <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir parents.Examples <strong>of</strong> dangers:. a too long zebra crossing without central refuge,. zebra crossing too far from <strong>the</strong> place where I want to cross, which forces me to make a detour,. when I want to cross <strong>the</strong> street, <strong>the</strong> drivers don’t see me because <strong>the</strong>re are cars parked too close to <strong>the</strong>zebra crossing,. very <strong>of</strong>ten, <strong>the</strong>re are cars on <strong>the</strong> sidewalk etc.Methodology – RequirementsOne or several person(s) must be in charge <strong>of</strong> distributing <strong>the</strong> survey with <strong>the</strong> map and ga<strong>the</strong>ring <strong>the</strong> results.These can be teachers, parents associations etc.Results. Children and parents are more aware <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> dangers in <strong>the</strong>ir district and <strong>the</strong> places where <strong>the</strong>y must be careful.. The authorities can make <strong>the</strong> necessary decisions after having received <strong>the</strong> collected answers.Assumption – Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activityThe list <strong>of</strong> dangers can be supplemented with a detailed explanation <strong>of</strong> each one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m.ContactOrganisationContact personAddress<strong>Website</strong>E-mailInstitut national pour la sécurité des enfants (Association)Jacques Robin (President)3 rue du Général de Gaulle56 140 Malestroit - FRANCETelephone: +33 (0)2 97 75 20 43Fax: +33 (0)2 97 75 20 43www.institutsecuriteenfant.orginstitutsecuriteenfant@wanadoo.fr15
A walking bus to schoolTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to make <strong>the</strong> road from home to school safe. Children. Parents. Schools. To reduce <strong>the</strong> number <strong>of</strong> cars on <strong>the</strong> roads leading to schoolsand near schools.. To increase <strong>the</strong> safety for children who go to school on <strong>the</strong>ir own.DescriptionA journey and stops are defined to pick up children going to school by foot. At school, children design a sign,which is used on <strong>the</strong> roads to indicate where <strong>the</strong> walking bus stops are. Parents are expected to wait with <strong>the</strong>irchildren for <strong>the</strong> bus to arrive and if <strong>the</strong>y are late, it is <strong>the</strong>ir responsibility to ensure <strong>the</strong> child gets to school safely.Volunteer parents manage <strong>the</strong> walking bus, one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m acts as a co-ordinator. Each “bus driver” should have aregister <strong>of</strong> pupils who use <strong>the</strong> bus. Rewards such as stickers can be used as incentives to encourage <strong>the</strong>children to take part.Methodology – RequirementsAll walking buses are different: <strong>the</strong>y vary to suit <strong>the</strong> needs <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> children and <strong>the</strong>ir parents. Some schools haveseveral walking buses and some only have one. The <strong>first</strong> stage is to find out, which parents are interested andwhere <strong>the</strong>y live. The second stage is to define <strong>the</strong> journey and <strong>the</strong> stops. To increase <strong>the</strong> visibility <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> walkingbus and <strong>the</strong> safety <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> drivers, conductors and children wear reflective jackets on <strong>the</strong> journey. The successdepends on having a coordinator and enough volunteers.Results. Children who go to school on a walking bus are part <strong>of</strong> a large and visible group, which is supervised by adults.. Along <strong>the</strong> way, children learn valuable road safety skills and gain some independence.. Journeys made by foot help reduce <strong>the</strong> traffic around schools.. Regular exercise for children.. A lot <strong>of</strong> schools use this system in <strong>the</strong> United Kingdom.Assumption – Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activityThe walking bus requires a strong involvement <strong>of</strong> parents and schools in order to decide <strong>the</strong> journey and <strong>the</strong>stops, to prepare <strong>the</strong> tools and to take children to school by foot. Some walking buses can be designedindependently, most however, have <strong>the</strong> assistance <strong>of</strong> road safety <strong>of</strong>ficers for training, risk assessments andsupport.ContactOrganisation Hertfordshire County CouncilContact person Sue Ellis or Gary NobleAddressCounty HallPegs Lane, Hertford, Hertfordshire – UNITED KINGDOMTelephone +44 (0)1992 55 68 06 / +44 (0)1707 35 62 69Fax +44 (0)1992 55 62 80 / +44 (0)1707 35 63 80<strong>Website</strong>www.walkingbus.comE-mailsue.ellis@hertscc.gov.ukgary.noble@mouchelparkman.com16
A school bus as a mobile <strong>education</strong>al toolTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to make <strong>the</strong> road from home to school safe. Children aged 6 to 13 who go to school by bus. Parents. Bus drivers. To raise awareness about <strong>the</strong> potential dangers <strong>of</strong> travelling by bus.. To teach children how to minimise dangers in traffic.. To improve children’s social skills and behaviour on public transport.DescriptionThe bus school is a “mobile classroom” run by a private bus company. Lessons on bus safety and social skillsare given by teachers/instructors. The curriculum consists <strong>of</strong>: how to behave properly at <strong>the</strong> bus stop, inside <strong>the</strong>bus and how to leave <strong>the</strong> bus without taking risks. One hour <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>oretical instruction is combined with practicalexercises at <strong>the</strong> bus stop and inside <strong>the</strong> bus, including an emergency stop at a speed <strong>of</strong> 15 km/h. In addition,<strong>the</strong> bus school provides information for parents on safe routes to school and for bus drivers on <strong>the</strong> special needs<strong>of</strong> children in public transport.Methodology – Requirements. Co-operation between bus companies, schools, local authorities, <strong>the</strong> police, parents.. Training <strong>of</strong> school bus teachers / instructors.. Equipment (school bus, various teaching <strong>aid</strong>s).. Funding.Results. The combination <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>oretical and practical instructions is effective.. After attending <strong>the</strong> bus school, <strong>the</strong> majority <strong>of</strong> children behave in a more responsible manner.. Since <strong>the</strong> start <strong>of</strong> this initiative, a lot <strong>of</strong> bus companies joined.Assumption – Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activity. For full benefit, <strong>the</strong> school lessons should be accompanied by complementary activities involving bus drivers,school teachers, parents and children.. It requires strong involvement to find and convince all <strong>the</strong> actors (bus companies etc)ContactOrganisation Autokraft GmbH (private company)Contact person Hans-Martin GabrielAddress Hamburger – Chaussee 1024114 Kiel – GERMANYTelephone +49 431 66 6 34 11<strong>Website</strong>www.autokraft.deE-mailbusschule@autokraft.de17
Car sharingTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to make <strong>the</strong> road from home to school safeParentsTo reduce <strong>the</strong> number <strong>of</strong> cars near schools and <strong>the</strong>refore reducing <strong>the</strong>potential risk <strong>of</strong> road accidents.DescriptionDuring <strong>the</strong> morning and afternoon school run, roads near schools are <strong>of</strong>ten congested with cars due to parentsdropping <strong>of</strong>f <strong>the</strong>ir children. This can result in road safety concerns, for example children darting between cars tocross <strong>the</strong> street.A potential solution is to reduce <strong>the</strong> number <strong>of</strong> cars near schools by means <strong>of</strong> car sharing. In Cambridge, <strong>the</strong>Cambridge Transport and Educational Establishments (CTTE) partnership worked toge<strong>the</strong>r to develop a webbasedcross-school car sharing scheme. A restricted Internet site is used to allow parents to communicate andfind car-sharing matches.Methodology – RequirementsThe <strong>first</strong> stage is to find out, which parents are interested and where <strong>the</strong>y live (by organising a meeting orsending a questionnaire via <strong>the</strong> schools). Then it is necessary to define <strong>the</strong> route and time <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> journeys.If <strong>the</strong>re are a lot <strong>of</strong> participants, <strong>the</strong> internet represents <strong>the</strong> relevant tool but it is necessary to set up a system <strong>of</strong>validation and passwords to guarantee that all contacts are confidential.Results. <strong>Red</strong>uction <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> number <strong>of</strong> cars near schools, <strong>the</strong>refore reduction <strong>of</strong> risks for children.. Eight independent schools take part in <strong>the</strong> London scheme.. Eight private schools in Cambridge launched a car-sharing scheme and since <strong>the</strong>n, five o<strong>the</strong>r schools havejoined, representing more than 2,500 students in <strong>the</strong> 13 schools.. There has been a large increase in informal car sharing in general due to <strong>the</strong> promotion <strong>of</strong> car sharing in <strong>the</strong>seschools.Assumption – Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activity. The scheme needs to be well organised to ensure <strong>the</strong> smooth running <strong>of</strong> this activity.. Using <strong>the</strong> internet can be difficult for some people, for example if access is not available at home or work.. Car sharing is not <strong>of</strong>fered as <strong>the</strong> solution to issues regarding safety on <strong>the</strong> journey to school, however it is one<strong>of</strong> a number <strong>of</strong> solutions that can be developed and implemented.ContactOrganisation Cambridgeshire County CouncilContact person Kirsty GillilandAddressBox ET1001 Caste Court, Shire HallCambridge, CB3 OAP – UNITED KINGDOMTelephone: +44 01223 71 71 11Fax +44 01223 71 81 59E-mailkirsty.gilliland@cambridgeshire.gov.uk18
StreetsenseTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to secure <strong>the</strong> road from home to school. Pupils, especially those in <strong>the</strong> transition phase between primary andsecondary school. TeachersTo raise awareness about road safetyDescriptionThe Scottish <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> <strong>Campaign</strong> has developed road safety <strong>education</strong> resources for primary school pupils,including <strong>the</strong> transition between primary and secondary school. ‘Streetsense’ is a package containing separatebooklets for each level, which each contain teachers’ notes, suggested lesson plans and pupil activities. Thereare also posters, photos, leaflets and an audio CD included in this pack.Streetsense was launched in September 2003 and made available to all Scottish primary schools in order toensure that all children and young people in Scotland receive basic road safety <strong>education</strong> at school. Thisteaches <strong>the</strong>m how to be safe in traffic, especially on <strong>the</strong> road from home to school.ContactOrganisation Scottish <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> <strong>Campaign</strong>Contact person Catrina Steenberg (Education Officer)AddressHeriot-Watt Research park North, Riccarton, CurrieEdinburgh, EH14 4AP – UNITED KINGDOMTelephone +44 (0)131 472 9204Fax +44 (0)131 472 9201<strong>Website</strong>www.srsc.org.ukE-mailCatrina.Steenberg@scotland.gsi.gov.uk19
2. How to Promote Proper Behaviour in TrafficChildren in <strong>the</strong> European Union are at risk in traffic, especially on <strong>the</strong> journey to school: statistics 6 show that <strong>the</strong>number <strong>of</strong> children from 6 to 11 who were killed or seriously injured in road accidents over <strong>the</strong> last 5 years canexceed 1.5 and even 2 children per million inhabitants <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> European Union at certain hours <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> day.Children on foot are <strong>the</strong> most affected.It is <strong>the</strong>refore necessary to implement activities for promoting proper behaviour in traffic, for instance by raising<strong>the</strong> awareness about road hazards and teaching children road safety, notably when <strong>the</strong>y are pedestrians. This<strong>education</strong> has to be simple, attractive, interactive and – most importantly – has to integrate practical exercises,not only information.Parents have <strong>the</strong> main responsibility for educating <strong>the</strong>ir children with regard to road hazards and <strong>the</strong> rules t<strong>of</strong>ollow. However, schools, local authorities, <strong>the</strong> police and associations also have a role to play. In addition,certain <strong>education</strong>al resources are very useful for improving safety, such as reflectors, which ensure bettervisibility.This chapter includes many activities and tools for improving road safety for children by promoting properbehaviour in traffic.20
<strong>Safety</strong> for children as car passengersTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in trafficParents <strong>of</strong> pre-school and primary school children. To inform parents how to increase <strong>the</strong> safety <strong>of</strong> young car passengers.. To raise awareness about <strong>the</strong> proper use <strong>of</strong> child restraint systems incars.DescriptionMore than 60% <strong>of</strong> children dying in road accidents are car passengers. This makes car transport <strong>the</strong> most dangerousmeans <strong>of</strong> transportation for children. Often, parents neglect <strong>the</strong>ir responsibility for <strong>the</strong>ir children’s healthand safety or don’t have sufficient knowledge about <strong>the</strong> proper use <strong>of</strong> child restraint systems. To overcome <strong>the</strong>segaps in information and motivation, <strong>the</strong> German Automobile Club (ADAC) and Toyota joined forces in a newprogramme targeting <strong>the</strong> parents <strong>of</strong> young children via kindergarten, schools and o<strong>the</strong>r institutions. At specialevents, trained instructors provide information about technical, legal and practical issues related to childrestraint systems combined with practical demonstrations, exercises and individual advice.Methodology – Requirements1.Development <strong>of</strong> a suitable programme for parents with issues like:. accident risks and effects for unrestrained children in cars,. legal framework, law enforcement, sanctions for parents / drivers,. getting in and out <strong>of</strong> a car safely,. choice and proper use <strong>of</strong> suitable child restraint systems,. transportation <strong>of</strong> several children,. how to deal with child resistance,. coping with long journeys / holidays by car.2. Training by instructors across <strong>the</strong> country.3. Organisation <strong>of</strong> events in suitable locations, e.g. schools, public places, Toyota showrooms.Results. Parents receive support in making informed choices about purchasing child restraints systems and <strong>the</strong>ir use.. Partnership between a motoring association and a car manufacturer reaches wide audience at local level.. More than 48.000 participants at 870 events in <strong>the</strong> <strong>first</strong> 8 monthsAssumption – Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activityIt is necessary to mobilise a lot <strong>of</strong> people to ensure a successful operation.ContactOrganisation ADAC e.V.Contact person Franz SchibalskiAddress Am Westpark 8D-81373 München - GERMANYTelephone +49 89 76 76 24 78Fax +49 89 7 60 02 08<strong>Website</strong>www.sicher-im-auto.comE-mailverkehr.sicherheit@zentrale.adac.deOrganisation Toyota Deutschland GmbHAddress Toyota-Allee 2D-50420 Köln – GERMANY<strong>Website</strong>www.toyota.deE-mailmail@toyota.de21
Glowing in <strong>the</strong> darkTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in trafficChildrenTo show children how useful reflectors are for visibility. Children have tobe aware <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> difference between using and not using a reflectorwhen it is dark.DescriptionThe children are divided into three groups. One group has flashlights, ano<strong>the</strong>r one has reflectors and <strong>the</strong> last oneis without lights and reflectors. The group with flashlights tries to find <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>rs as fast as possible. Obviously, itis much easier to find children that wear reflectors. The game is played in <strong>the</strong> evening when it is dark outside orinside in a darkened room.Methodology – Requirements. Teachers and/or parents must explain <strong>the</strong> rules and look after <strong>the</strong> children.. It is necessary to find dark or shadowy places and to have flashlights and reflectors.ResultsAfter this test, children are aware that reflectors are necessary in <strong>the</strong> dark and are more motivated to use <strong>the</strong>m.Assumption – Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activity. If it is not dark enough, <strong>the</strong> game does not work.. This activity can be carried out at school, in summer camps or during birthday parties.ContactOrganisation Finnish <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>Contact person Niina HirvonenAddressTehtaankatu 1 a00140 Helsinki - FINLANDTelephone +358 9 129 33 48Fax +358 9 129 33 38<strong>Website</strong>www.redcross.fiE-mailniina.hirvonen@redcross.fi22
Play ‘We on <strong>the</strong> road’TopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in traffic. Children in primary and secondary schools. Teachers. To raise awareness about road safety.. To give children ideas to develop <strong>the</strong>ir own playwith <strong>the</strong> help <strong>of</strong> teachers.DescriptionThe play “We on <strong>the</strong> road” deals with problems <strong>of</strong> behaviour on <strong>the</strong> road with humour and realism. It is anoriginal way to deal with road safety and a strong tool to spread messages.The play consists <strong>of</strong> several sequences, notably:. <strong>the</strong> little pedestrian rap (music),. a tale written by Grimm,. a story about a person that had a serious accident etc.After <strong>the</strong> performance, discussions are organised.Methodology – RequirementsThis play was made possible by a partnership between an amateur <strong>the</strong>atre school, “Théâtre évasion”, and <strong>the</strong>AFTC (association for families <strong>of</strong> cranial traumatised people)It is necessary to write a script, find actors and a place with facilities.Results. Messages about road safety are delivered in an interactive and imaginative way and attract<strong>the</strong> interest <strong>of</strong> children.. 3,000 primary and secondary school children saw <strong>the</strong> play.. The operation was rewarded with <strong>the</strong> Norauto* road safety prize 2002Assumption – Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activityIt is a long-term activity: writing <strong>the</strong> script, <strong>the</strong> set-up etc.ContactOrganisationContact personAddressE-mailR’éveil AFTC (association)Myriam Molders1 avenue Georges Hannart59 170 Croix – FRANCETelephone: +33 (0)3 20 65 15 62Fax: +33 (0)3 20 65 15 33coma-reveil@nordnet.fr* Norauto has a lot <strong>of</strong> sales outlets where cars are repaired.23
FootstepsTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in traffic. Children. AdultsTo enable children to behave safely in traffic in order to avoid accidents.Description“Footsteps” is a pedestrian training scheme for young children. Children go out <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> school with a trained tutorto observe <strong>the</strong> traffic and discuss road safety.“Footsteps” is a three-stage programme, each stage slightly more advanced than <strong>the</strong> one before. It focuses onbasic issues that children need to become safer road users. The topics that tutors deal with are:. safe places. stop, look and listen. fast and slow. near and far. crossing etc.The tutors keep a record <strong>of</strong> each child’s progress and when a tutor considers that a child has understood <strong>the</strong> keyconcepts <strong>of</strong> a stage, he/she receives a certificate.Methodology – Requirements. The tutors are volunteers trained by a road safety <strong>of</strong>ficer. He/she receives a manual that corresponds to a guide.. Tutors have contact with schools in order to implement <strong>the</strong> activities.ResultsChildren learn about road safety by being directly confronted with real traffic problems and dangers.Assumption – Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activity. Establishing a programme. Visiting schoolsContactOrganisation Buckinghamshire County CouncilAddressCounty Hall, Walton Street, AylesburyBuckinghamshire HP20 1UA – UNITED KINGDOMTelephone +44 (0)1296 38 24 50<strong>Website</strong>www.buckscc.gov.ukE-mailenquiries@ buckscc.gov.uk24
A week dedicated to road safetyTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in traffic. Children. AdultsTo raise awareness about road safety.DescriptionIn 2002, many activities were carried out to raise awareness about road safety: conferences or interviews withkey speakers, photo shooting sessions with local school children and celebrities, road safety information for bothchildren and adults, release <strong>of</strong> balloons with <strong>the</strong> campaign banner (with <strong>the</strong> message “slow down”).Children participated by wearing “slow down” T-shirts and urging drivers to slow down.Methodology – Requirements. Support and involvement <strong>of</strong> road safety units, police and fire services, schools and many o<strong>the</strong>r organisationscommitted to road safety.. Finding relevant places.. Preparations: distribution <strong>of</strong> messages and tools, organisation <strong>of</strong> conferences, press releases, sponsors.Results. A free “action pack” was requested by 9,317 schools to enable <strong>the</strong>m to host a road safety week (<strong>the</strong> packageincludes a guide to teach road safety along with road safety week posters).. 91% <strong>of</strong> schools s<strong>aid</strong> <strong>the</strong>y would host a road safety campaign as a result <strong>of</strong> reading <strong>the</strong> package.Assumption – Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activityBig event, not always easy to mobilise various actors/associations.ContactOrganisation Brake (<strong>Road</strong> safety charity)Address PO Box 548Huddersfield, HDI 2XZ – UNITED KINGDOMTelephone: +44 01 484 559909Fax +44 01 484 55 99 83<strong>Website</strong>www.brake.org.ukE-mailbrake@brake.org.uk25
Lúlli, <strong>the</strong> police bearTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in trafficChildren in kindergartenTo teach children useful traffic rules in order to increase<strong>the</strong>ir safety in traffic.DescriptionPolice <strong>of</strong>ficers visit <strong>the</strong> kindergarten in consultation with <strong>the</strong> pre-school teachers or <strong>the</strong> parents’ association, oron <strong>the</strong>ir own initiative. The children are divided into age groups and each group is given proper material.Examples <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>mes:. How to cross <strong>the</strong> road: stop, look, listen,. How to walk in a parking area,. Reflectors and <strong>the</strong>ir use,. Automobiles – safety equipment for children,. Bicycles and helmets.Lúlli, a bear, is used to <strong>aid</strong> comprehension.Methodology – Requirements. Co-operation between <strong>the</strong> police and <strong>the</strong> kindergartens.. Tools (teddy bear, various teaching materials for different age groups). Funding. 1 - 2 police <strong>of</strong>ficersResults. The combination <strong>of</strong> stories and practical information is very effective.. Children will be more careful, thus avoiding accidents.Assumption – Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activityContactOrganisation Reykjavík PoliceContact person Gudmundur GigjaAddress Hverfisgata 115150 Reykjavík - ICELANDTelephone +354 569 9242Fax +354 569 9282E-mailggigja@lr.is26
<strong>Road</strong> safety activities guideTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in trafficLeaders in <strong>the</strong> local <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> branches.. To propose activities to teach road safety to children.. To make recommendations for obtaining arrangements andpermission to enter schools.DescriptionThe guide was developed to help volunteers start up a road safety campaign in schools. It consists <strong>of</strong> 10sections <strong>of</strong> facts, good ideas and advice. The 10 sections include:1. Introduction2. What is our <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> <strong>Campaign</strong>3. Children and danger in traffic4. Ideas for activities5. Scenario descriptions6. Material7. Introductory letters for <strong>the</strong> school principal or <strong>the</strong> head teacher8. What is ‘The Little Drivers’ License’9. Evaluation form10. Examples <strong>of</strong> press releases for <strong>the</strong> local newspaper and radio/TV.Good relations with <strong>the</strong> school and flexibility are vital to have road safety and <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> activities included in <strong>the</strong>school programme. The best time for making contact is probably early spring in order to establish a timetable for<strong>the</strong> next school year after <strong>the</strong> summer holidays.ContactOrganisation Danish <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>Contact person Sven HedegaardAddress Blegdamsvej 27Dk-2100 Copenhagen Ö – DENMARKTelephone +45 35 25 93 70Fax +45 35 25 93 60<strong>Website</strong>www.redcross.dkE-mailsvh@drk.dk27
<strong>Website</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> <strong>Campaign</strong>TopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in traffic. Children. AdultsTo increase awareness <strong>of</strong> road safety through information and<strong>education</strong>al games.DescriptionThe website includes general information about:. <strong>Road</strong> safety: facts and figures, advice on how to behave safely on <strong>the</strong> road, etc.... The campaign: <strong>the</strong> participants, <strong>the</strong> calendar, press releases etc.The web site also includes a games section for children that reminds <strong>the</strong>m <strong>of</strong> 8 key road safety rules, and thatuses <strong>the</strong> three characters <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> campaign, Tina, Tag and Turbo :. a memory game,. traffic situations,. a colouring book,. a comic strip,. a kids’ club with a membership card,. postcards.The comic book, <strong>the</strong> colouring book and <strong>the</strong> membership card can be printed from <strong>the</strong> website.ContactOrganisation <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>/European Union OfficeContact person Luc HenskensAddress Rue Belliard 65, Box 71040 Brussels – BELGIUMTelephone +32 2 235 06 80Fax: +32 2 230 54 64<strong>Website</strong>www.1-life.infoE-mailinfoboard@redcross-eu.net28
<strong>Road</strong> safety book for children „Peter and Ann in Traffic“TopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in trafficChildrenTo teach children behaviour rules in trafficDescriptionThe book addresses young children in kindergarten and primary school. It is eye-catching for children, since it isvery colourful and illustrates children in various traffic situations. 11 pages <strong>of</strong> drawings allow children to learnimportant traffic rules in a way suited to <strong>the</strong>ir age. The rules are formulated texts that are easy for children toread and understand, such as always walking on <strong>the</strong> pavement, how to walk when <strong>the</strong>re is no pavement, how tocross <strong>the</strong> road, how to behave near <strong>the</strong> bus, how to be seen in <strong>the</strong> dark, etc.ContactOrganisation Estonian <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>Contact person Indrek SimiskerAddress Lai street 170001 Tallinn - ESTONIATelephone +372 6 41 16 43Fax +372 6 41 16 41E-mailIndrek.simister@redcross.ee29
<strong>Website</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> ‘Hedgehogs’ campaignTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in traffic5-10 year old childrenTo teach children proper behaviour in traffic, and to raise <strong>the</strong>irwareness about road hazards.DescriptionOn this website, children can read <strong>the</strong> lyrics <strong>of</strong> songs used in ads (glow in <strong>the</strong> dark, king <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> road, green man,stayin’ alive, knowing <strong>the</strong> road, clamp), watch <strong>the</strong> Hedgehogs on video, download a hedgehogs screensaver andplay <strong>the</strong> following 5 games:. Simon: children have to choose which way <strong>the</strong> cyclist has to go.. Zebra crossing: children have to get <strong>the</strong> zebra to cross <strong>the</strong> roads safely.. Double up: <strong>the</strong> children have to match <strong>the</strong> road signs with <strong>the</strong>ir correct meanings in this memory game.. Look out: children click on <strong>the</strong> characters which are behaving dangerously.. Walkies: children have to use <strong>the</strong>ir mouse to keep <strong>the</strong> dog on <strong>the</strong> path.ContactOrganisation Department for TransportAddressEnquiry Service, Great Minster House, 76 Marsham StreetLondon SW1P 4DR – UNITED KINGDOMTelephone +44 020 79 44 83 00Fax +44 020 79 44 65 89<strong>Website</strong>www.hedgehogs.gov.ukE-mailroad.safety@dft.gsi.gov.uk30
Songs for children’s road safetyTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in traffic7-11-year-old childrenTo increase awareness about road safetyDescriptionSongs about road safety are available online, as well as valuable advice for teachers.The songs cover <strong>the</strong> following <strong>the</strong>mes:. going on a school trip. seeing and being seen. belting up. safe place to cross. cycling safely.Example: before going on a school trip, teachers should give children information and instructions about roadsafety and make <strong>the</strong>n sing <strong>the</strong> song ‘Going on a school trip’This PDF file is available on: http://www.rospa.org.uk/road/assembly/7_11.pdfContactOrganisation: RoSPA (<strong>the</strong> Royal Society for <strong>the</strong> Prevention <strong>of</strong> Accidents)AddressRoSPA Head OfficeEdgbaston Park, 353 Bristol <strong>Road</strong>, EdgbastonBirmingham B5 7ST – UNITED KINGDOMTelephone +44 01 21 248 20 00Fax +44 01 21 248 20 01<strong>Website</strong>www.rospa.comE-mailhelp@rospa.com31
The stamps <strong>of</strong> safetyTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in traffic. Children. AdultsTo generate interest in <strong>the</strong> road safety campaign <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Italian <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>DescriptionThe Italian post <strong>of</strong>fice will issue stamps dedicated to <strong>the</strong> campaign. The stamps will bear <strong>the</strong> picture <strong>of</strong> Tina, <strong>the</strong>campaign mascot.The stamps and campaign postcards will be sold at all <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> events in Italy. The stamps will be sold tomajor companies in Italy to use for <strong>the</strong>ir correspondence.ContactOrganisation Italian <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>Contact person Alessandra DiodatiAddress Via Veneto 9600187 Rome – ITALYTelephone +39 06 47 41 64 5Fax +39 06 42 01 06 42<strong>Website</strong>www.cri.itE-mailalessandracri@interfree.it32
Young Health Care Officer MagazineTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in trafficChildren. To improve one’s road safety knowledge. To learn what to do in <strong>the</strong> event <strong>of</strong> a car accidentDescriptionYoung Health Care Officer Magazine focused on <strong>the</strong> road safety campaign in 2003.Several pages <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> magazine were dedicated to road safety:. Tina <strong>the</strong> cat and road safety. Traffic <strong>education</strong>. How to call emergency services. You only have one life – watch out. Tina cartoonThe magazine was distributed via local <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> branches.ContactOrganisation Czech <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>Contact person Vaclav CernyAddress Thunovska 1811804 Prague 1 – CZECH REPUBLICTelephone +420 251 104 23 8Fax +420 251 104 26 4E-mailcerny@cck-cr.cz33
3. How to teach children to cycle safelyBicycles are a popular form <strong>of</strong> transport because <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir many advantages: <strong>the</strong>y are environmentally friendly,<strong>the</strong>y are a great way to exercise and move through traffic jams easily. For many children bicycles are <strong>the</strong> <strong>first</strong>mode <strong>of</strong> transport, and since <strong>the</strong> development <strong>of</strong> mountain bikes, new horizons have been opened, but also newdangers. As a result everyone, in particular children, have to learn <strong>the</strong> rights and duties <strong>of</strong> cyclists through<strong>the</strong>oretical and practical <strong>education</strong>.Apart from a good knowledge <strong>of</strong> traffic rules, it is important to teach children to cycle safely, which has to becarried out through practical training so that children can learn how to service <strong>the</strong> bike, how to turn, to brakeetc... and, finally, obtain a ‘cycling certificate’.The use <strong>of</strong> protective equipment is also a central aspect. In many programmes, activities are developed toteach children <strong>the</strong> best ways to protect <strong>the</strong>mselves when riding a bicycle. These activities focus on <strong>the</strong> use <strong>of</strong>safety equipment for bicycles, such as elbow and knee pads, lights and brakes. Last but not least, <strong>the</strong> wearing <strong>of</strong>protective helmets should be promoted since head injuries are <strong>the</strong> main cause <strong>of</strong> death and severe injury forcyclists. Even if some <strong>of</strong> this equipment is not yet compulsory in all countries, it is essential to encourageeveryone, including children, to use it.This chapter gives examples <strong>of</strong> programmes that focus on cycling, including those that teach how to behavesafely in traffic and how to ride a bicycle well.34
Voluntary bicycle driving licenseTopicHow to teach children to cycle safelyTarget group(s) Children aged 10-12Objective(s). To teach children <strong>the</strong> rights and duties <strong>of</strong> cyclists.. To take an examination (which is legally recognised)DescriptionThe Austrian Youth <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> has organised cycling examinations for over thirty years. These take place eachyear. The children prepare for <strong>the</strong> examination in school with <strong>the</strong>ir teachers, and do practical training with <strong>the</strong>ircycles. They have to answer questions about <strong>the</strong> rights and duties <strong>of</strong> cyclists, and take a practical cycling test. If<strong>the</strong>y pass <strong>the</strong> test <strong>the</strong>y qualify to ride <strong>the</strong>ir bicycles on <strong>the</strong> street unaccompanied before <strong>the</strong> age <strong>of</strong> 12.Methodology – Requirements. Co-operation with schools and <strong>the</strong> local police: <strong>the</strong> examination is supervised by a police <strong>of</strong>ficer.. For each participant: brochure, examination sheet, stickers, licence.. For each group <strong>of</strong> students: order form, poster.Results. Successful completion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> bicycle examination allows children aged 10-12 to ride <strong>the</strong>ir bicycles on <strong>the</strong>street, and is an important contribution to road safety.. 80 000 pupils participate each year.Assumption – Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activityIt was a great challenge and took a lot <strong>of</strong> work to set up this activity, which involved <strong>the</strong> creation <strong>of</strong> a recognisedprogramme.ContactOrganisation Austrian Youth <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>Contact person Belma HodzicAddress Wiedner Hauptstraße 32,A-1040 Vienna - AUSTRIATelephone +43 1 58 9 00 17 2Fax +43 1 58 9 00 17 9<strong>Website</strong>www.roteskreuz.atE-mailhodzic@redcross.or.at35
‘Les enfantilleries’TopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children to cycle safely7-11-year-old childrenTo teach children how to cycle safelyDescriptionThe Institut National pour la Sécurité des Enfants (National Institute for <strong>the</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> <strong>of</strong> Children) proposespractical exercises for children to learn how to cycle safely: a circuit is drawn on a playground, road signs arehung around children’s necks and each child stands in a specified location. Then, around 6 children ride <strong>the</strong>irbicycles while observing <strong>the</strong> road signs. Also, <strong>the</strong>re is an exercise for learning stopping distances.Methodology – Requirements. Volunteers to organise and take care <strong>of</strong> children.. A suitable location. Materials (road signs…)Results. Children like learning through practical exercises. 1000 children have already taken part (in groups <strong>of</strong> 25 children).Assumption – Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activityIf possible, you can film <strong>the</strong> children, <strong>the</strong>n watch <strong>the</strong> tape with <strong>the</strong>m and ask <strong>the</strong>m to point out <strong>the</strong>ir mistakes.ContactOrganisation Institut National pour la Sécurité des Enfants (association)Contact person Jacques Robin (President)Address3 rue du Général de Gaulle56 140 Malestroit - FRANCETelephone +33 (0)2 97 75 20 43Fax +33 (0)2 97 75 20 43<strong>Website</strong>www.institutsecuriteenfant.orgE-mailinstitutsecuriteenfant@wanadoo.fr36
Become <strong>the</strong> king/queen <strong>of</strong> cyclingTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children to cycle safelyPrimary and secondary school childrenAdults (teachers, policemen…)Objectives depend on <strong>the</strong> level <strong>of</strong> knowledge and age:Level 1: basic cycling.Level 2: learning how to cycle in traffic (in groups).Level 3: going out in smaller groups and individual exercises to learnhow to cycle in traffic.DescriptionLevel 1: children learn basic abilities: to maintain <strong>the</strong> bicycle, to brake, to maintain <strong>the</strong>ir trajectory, to turn left orright.Level 2: children learn how to cycle in traffic in groups (traffic rules, road facilities for cyclists, equipment <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>cyclist, place <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> cyclist in road traffic)Level 3: a group <strong>of</strong> 15 children learns how to cycle in traffic and receives individual training.They learn how to cycle in various situations: roundabouts, lights, one-way streets, etc.Methodology – RequirementsLevel 1: lessons given on <strong>the</strong> playground or playing field.After having checked <strong>the</strong> bicycles and <strong>the</strong> level <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> children, practical exercises with games are carried out,as well as a test to check what <strong>the</strong> children have learnt.Levels 2 and 3 also include <strong>the</strong>oretical training and address primary and secondary school children. Theactivities are carried out near <strong>the</strong> school.The lessons are given by one trainer per class. For level 2 and 3, at least a second adult is necessary toaccompany <strong>the</strong> class.ResultsChildren follow a full course <strong>of</strong> training that takes <strong>the</strong>ir age into account.Assumption – Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activityIt is not free <strong>of</strong> charge because <strong>the</strong> activity is carried out by trained persons and <strong>the</strong> association cannot cover all<strong>the</strong> expenses (transport, cycle hire, wages…)ContactOrganisation Pro Velo absl (association)Contact person Christian BrodkomAddressMaison des cyclistes de Bruxelles15 rue de Londres, 1050 Brussels – BELGIUMTelephone +32 2 517 17 68 and +32 02 502 73 55Fax +32 2 502 86 41<strong>Website</strong>ww.provelo.orgE-mailvelo<strong>education</strong>@provelo.org37
The Little Drivers’ LicenseTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children to cycle safely. 6 to 10-year-old children: from 1stto 3 rd level in primary school. Parents. TeachersTo teach children to behave and cycle safely in traffic, and to providehelp for accident victimsDescriptionTeachers in schools or after-school-institutions run <strong>the</strong> activities <strong>the</strong>mselves. The teacher receives a packagecontaining two games, <strong>the</strong> manual with <strong>the</strong> training instructions, a video with scenarios <strong>of</strong> traffic situations (notaccidents), drivers’ licenses for <strong>the</strong> children.The teacher presents <strong>the</strong> “Little Drivers License” to <strong>the</strong> children once <strong>the</strong>y have passed <strong>the</strong> test. The drivers’license consists <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> following:1. Signs and symbols2. How to behave in <strong>the</strong> traffic3. First <strong>aid</strong>4. Cycling practice5. Maintaining <strong>the</strong> bicycle.Methodology – Requirements. All schools are sent an invitation to join <strong>the</strong> campaign. If a school wants to participate it receives a packagewith materials, including descriptions and conditions for <strong>the</strong> event and <strong>the</strong> participation requirements.. Participation: free <strong>of</strong> charge.Results475 schools and after-school-institutions have participated, with up to 100 children from 7 to 10 years old ineach school. Fur<strong>the</strong>rmore, <strong>the</strong> parents <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> children were informed about <strong>the</strong> campaign and <strong>the</strong> children weretold to ask <strong>the</strong>ir parents if <strong>the</strong>y knew about safety conditions!. Children have demonstrated a good understanding <strong>of</strong> what it means to behave safely in traffic, and to knowhow to help someone in <strong>the</strong> event <strong>of</strong> an accident.Assumption – Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activityThis activity requires a minimum <strong>of</strong> organisation but, since it is available in <strong>the</strong> form <strong>of</strong> a package, it is veryhelpful. A fee is charged for participation in order to cover <strong>the</strong> expenses for <strong>the</strong> development <strong>of</strong> materials anddelivery expenses.After-school-institutions have a unique potential because <strong>the</strong>re are no class hour limitations.ContactOrganisation Danish <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> CouncilContact person Karsten KoldingAddress Lersø Park Allé 111DK-2100 Copenhagen Ö - DENMARKTelephone +45 39 16 39 39Fax +45 39 16 39 40E-mailkk@rfsf.dk38
Bikewise (CD-ROM)TopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children to cycle safely. Children. AdultsTo teach children how to cycle safelyDescriptionThe London Borough <strong>of</strong> Bromley’s <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> Unit created “Bikewise” as a learning tool. The <strong>the</strong>ory testensures every child has a thorough understanding <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> rules <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> road before staring on-road training. TheCD-ROM takes <strong>the</strong> child through every aspect <strong>of</strong> cycling, from turning at junctions to cycle maintenance andwearing <strong>the</strong> right gear.Turning left and right is illustrated in video clips <strong>of</strong> children demonstrating <strong>the</strong> turns.There are interactive quizzes on a number <strong>of</strong> subjects, including cycle maintenance, safety and choosing a saferoute to cycle to school.The CD-ROM also shows adults how to find cycle routes within <strong>the</strong> Borough <strong>of</strong> Bromley, how to store bicyclessafely at railway stations or at work, and how to combine cycling with public transport.A section allows parents to help <strong>the</strong>ir child practice for cycling pr<strong>of</strong>iciency training. Teachers can also play <strong>the</strong>irpart in encouraging cycling to school through a number <strong>of</strong> downloadable games.ContactOrganisation London Borough <strong>of</strong> Bromley, road safety unitContact person John WaltonAddressCivic Centre, Stockwell CloseBromley, BR1 3UH – UNITED KINGDOMTelephone +44 020 8313 4358Fax +44 020 8313 1948E-mailroad.safety@bromley.gov.uk39
4. How to make children play a role in road safetyRaising children’s awareness about road safety by providing <strong>the</strong>m with <strong>the</strong> necessary information is important.But <strong>the</strong> results <strong>of</strong> road safety <strong>education</strong> can be even better if children take part in effective and attractiveactivities in order to play a role in road safety.This involvement and participation leads children to feel that <strong>the</strong>y have a mission to accomplish, thus becomingmore concerned and more likely to memorise road safety problems and <strong>the</strong>ir solutions. The outcome <strong>of</strong> suchinitiatives carried out recently in Europe is very positive: children are very interested in actively promoting roadsafety. They are particularly enthusiastic when <strong>the</strong>y teach road safety to o<strong>the</strong>r children. Children not only have<strong>the</strong> desire to participate in road safety, <strong>the</strong>y also have <strong>the</strong> capacity and <strong>the</strong> power to act. We should notunderestimate <strong>the</strong>se abilities.Making children participate in road safety <strong>education</strong> allows <strong>the</strong>m to take responsibility for helping <strong>the</strong>ir peers, butit is also a real bonus for those who receive <strong>the</strong> <strong>education</strong>. Children’s, but also adult’s, attention is easier tocatch when it is <strong>the</strong> children who give road safety <strong>education</strong>.Many activities can be organised to make children play a role in road safety: children can design road signs,participate in competitions about road safety, in plays on road hazards, or <strong>the</strong>y can patrol crossings nearschools, for instance.In this section, <strong>the</strong>re are numerous examples how to give children an active role in road safety <strong>education</strong>.40
Pupils acting as road crossing guardsTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to make children play a role in road safetyChildren aged 13 and above. To guard crossings near schools before and after school. To teach pupils <strong>of</strong> all ages to cross <strong>the</strong> street safelyDescriptionIn Germany, <strong>the</strong> programme <strong>of</strong> pupils acting as road crossing guards (Schülerlotsen) was introduced in 1953,based on a similar scheme in <strong>the</strong> USA. Today it is a national programme, and is recognised as a reliable andsuccessful element <strong>of</strong> road safety work. Across <strong>the</strong> country trained and supervised pupils guard <strong>the</strong> traffic atdangerous spots near schools and help o<strong>the</strong>r pupils to cross <strong>the</strong> road. Every year national competitions arecarried out to reward some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 50 000 volunteers with prizes.Methodology – Requirements. Co-operation between schools, local authorities, police, road safety councils…. Training pupils who want to become crossing guards,. Supervision <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se trained pupils,. Equipment (orange hat and raincoat, reflective pedals),. Sponsors,. Information for <strong>the</strong> public.Results. In 50 years <strong>the</strong>re hasn’t been a single traffic death at a crossing guarded by <strong>the</strong>se young crossing wardens.. Thousands <strong>of</strong> children take on responsibilities to help <strong>the</strong>ir peers.. Children are visible and recognised as participants in road safety.Assumption –Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activityIt has been difficult to maintain regular funding for this programme from <strong>the</strong> same sources. At present, financialsupport is provided by <strong>the</strong> German association <strong>of</strong> car manufacturers.ContactOrganisation Deutsche Verkehrswacht e.V. (German <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> Council)Contact person Cornelia BrodesserAddress Am Pannacker 253340 Meckenheim – GERMANYTelephone +49 2225/884-34Fax +49 2225/884-68E-mailcb@dvw-ev.de41
First-form pupils introduce road safety to younger childrenTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to make children play a role in road safetyChildren in <strong>the</strong>ir fourth year <strong>of</strong> primary school and <strong>first</strong>-form pupilsTo raise children’s awareness about road hazardsDescriptionThe <strong>first</strong>-form pupils took photographs <strong>of</strong> careless road users, prepared a presentation (each group worked on a<strong>the</strong>me) and showed it to younger children. The photographs were used in class to debate road safety issues.Methodology – Requirements. Teachers take care <strong>of</strong> children when <strong>the</strong>y take photographs, after that <strong>the</strong>y help <strong>the</strong>m prepare <strong>the</strong>ir presentations. Material (cameras)Results. A photo album about road hazards was made by <strong>first</strong>-form pupils.. This initiative was a great success, children showed great enthusiasm when <strong>the</strong> project was explained to<strong>the</strong>m, and enjoyed debating with children from o<strong>the</strong>r classes.Assumption – Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activityThis activity requires <strong>the</strong> participation <strong>of</strong> sufficient adults to take care <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> children when <strong>the</strong>y are out andabout taking photos.ContactOrganisation Ecole Grandclément (School)Contact person BaudinoAddress51 rue de la République69120 Vaux en Velin – FRANCETelephone +33 (0)4 78 80 71 0642
Behaviour lessons through competitionTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to make children play a role in road safetyChildren from 7 to 11 years oldTo teach road safety to children by making <strong>the</strong>mparticipate in a competition.DescriptionThe competition involves writing stories for <strong>the</strong> comic book <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> second European <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong><strong>Campaign</strong> (website www.1-life.info). The Romanian <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> co-operated with a children’s magazine “Tanu’sworld”, which published episodes <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> campaign’s comic book free <strong>of</strong> charge. Children sent <strong>the</strong>ir stories to <strong>the</strong>magazine. The most ingenious stories were awarded prizes during <strong>the</strong> winter holiday.Methodology –Requirements. Children have to learn traffic rules to participate in <strong>the</strong> competition, since <strong>the</strong>y have to be able to write textswith correct messages.. Selection <strong>of</strong> storiesResults. In <strong>the</strong> end, all <strong>the</strong> participants were correctly informed about road safety, in particular about <strong>the</strong> rules <strong>the</strong>ymust respect.. Children learnt about road safety by writing <strong>the</strong>ir own stories.Assumption –Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activityTo find a partnership with a magazine for childrenContactOrganisation Romanian <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>Contact person Victoria MihaescuAddress Biserica Amzei 29Bucharest – ROMANIATelephone +40 (21) 2129855Fax +40 (21) 3128452E-mailcrr@xnet.ro43
Children teach childrenTopicHow to make children play a role in road safetyTarget group(s) Children aged 5-11Objective(s) To teach children road safety.DescriptionThe Latvian <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> Youth (LRCY) has developed a training programme on road safety for children aged 5-11. Volunteers <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> LRCY acted as safety instructors for small children using tools with which <strong>the</strong>y are familiar:drawings, games, quizzes and small puppet shows. They entered kindergartens and schools where <strong>the</strong>y taughtroad safety using <strong>the</strong>ir own drawings on <strong>the</strong> <strong>the</strong>me, and took part in activities toge<strong>the</strong>r with children. The lectureis based on discussions and questions dealing with road safety in a simple way.Methodology –Requirements. Children’s drawings used as visual <strong>aid</strong>s to speak about road safety and related situations (paper and drawingmaterials required).. Some drawings were prepared in advance by youth instructors, but new drawings are made during <strong>the</strong> lecturesas well.. A very simple game used for small groups (game prepared by instructors).. In some cases a small puppet show is used to demonstrate road safety (puppet made <strong>of</strong> coloured socks).Results. Children are very interested, <strong>the</strong> idea <strong>of</strong> “children teaching children” is very well accepted, many kindergartensand schools are interested.. It is also a very good way to attract young volunteers.Assumption –Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activity. Funding to teach youth instructors so <strong>the</strong>y can answer children’s questions properly.. The website <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> second <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> campaign can be used in <strong>the</strong> schools (road safetymessages, colouring book etc)ContactOrganisation Latvian <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>Contact person Inga MelbardeAddress Skolas Street 1Riga LV-1010 – LATVIATelephone +371 733 66 51Fax +371 733 66 51<strong>Website</strong>www.redcross.lvE-mailinga.melbarde@redcross.lv44
A video-clip on road safety and <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong>TopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to make children play a role in road safety. Primary school children. Adults. To involve school children in <strong>the</strong> production <strong>of</strong> a sensitisation clip.. To raise awareness about road safety and <strong>the</strong> need to learn <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong>.DescriptionThe Luxembourg <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> produced a clip about road safety and <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> with <strong>the</strong> participation <strong>of</strong> children. Thevideo-clip is available in two versions: one for TV (3 minutes) and one for cinemas (1 minute).The script: pupils leave school, arrive at home and start to play outside: <strong>the</strong> accident happens…There are someadults around, but only one child knows how to react and administer <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong>.Methodology – RequirementsThe video-clip project is divided into three phases:1.Over <strong>the</strong> course <strong>of</strong> 3 workshops <strong>the</strong> script for <strong>the</strong> video-clip was written by <strong>the</strong> children from a local Youth <strong>Red</strong><strong>Cross</strong> branch, toge<strong>the</strong>r with one pr<strong>of</strong>essional director and with some assistance from <strong>the</strong> Luxembourg <strong>Red</strong><strong>Cross</strong> (LRC) <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> youth leaders.2.During a 3-day workshop <strong>the</strong> video-clip was recorded with <strong>the</strong> children both as actors and as <strong>the</strong> technicalcrew. The clip was post-produced with <strong>the</strong> help <strong>of</strong> LRC youth-leaders familiar with digital video production.The result <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>first</strong> two moments is a semi-pr<strong>of</strong>essional video-clip to be used in training at events and on <strong>the</strong>LRC website.3.Pr<strong>of</strong>essionals re-recorded <strong>the</strong> clip in order to prepare it for broadcast in a Luxembourg TV youth programme.In order to have a product for TV (step n°3), <strong>the</strong> LRC had to look for funding.Results. The <strong>first</strong> step (discussions about road safety and work on <strong>the</strong> script) was particularly interesting because <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>active participation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> children. With this kind <strong>of</strong> involvement children learn a lot.. The message comes across better with <strong>the</strong> involvement <strong>of</strong> children.Assumption –Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activity. Access to visual media o<strong>the</strong>r than <strong>the</strong> internet requires funding.. It is not easy to produce a video-clip without pr<strong>of</strong>essionals.ContactOrganisation Luxembourg <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>Contact person Marc CrochetAddress44, bd Joseph IIL - 2014 LUXEMBOURGTelephone +352 49 30 24Fax +352 48 15 77<strong>Website</strong>www.croix-rouge.luE-mailmarc.crochet@croix-rouge.luOrganisation Luxembourg <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> YouthContact person Tom PetitAddress126 rue de HollerichL - 1740 LUXEMBOURGTelephone +352 49 30 24Fax +352 48 15 77E-mailyoungcross@croix-rouge.lu45
Competition ‘<strong>Safety</strong> for All’ 2002-2003TopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to make children play a role in road safetyPrimary school children. To raise awareness about road safety.. To make children learn about road safety by making <strong>the</strong>m participatein a competition.DescriptionThis competition was created in 2000 by <strong>the</strong> firm Renault to make children become active in road safety. FromOctober 1 st 2002 to June 15 th 2003, Renault organised <strong>the</strong> third edition <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> competition “<strong>Safety</strong> for All”. Eachclass from <strong>the</strong> participating countries presented a simple action to improve road safety around schools. In orderto present <strong>the</strong>ir actions, children had to write a short text and make an illustration. This competition wasorganised at a European level.Methodology – Requirements. It is necessary to involve numerous schools. A jury must select <strong>the</strong> projects. Organisation <strong>of</strong> a ceremony for <strong>the</strong> award ceremonyResults. The competition helped to point out <strong>the</strong> dangers around schools, and to raise children’s awareness about roadsafety.. 9 projects were awarded: a stay in Disneyland Paris was <strong>of</strong>fered to <strong>the</strong> winning classes.. 65,000 children were involved in <strong>the</strong> competition.Assumption –Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activityAs this competition involved several countries, it required a lot <strong>of</strong> organisation, but this activity can be done in asmaller scale (for instance in a city, toge<strong>the</strong>r with several schools)ContactOrganisation Renault (private company)Address13-15, quai Gallo95513 Boulogne-Billancourt – FRANCETelephone +33 01 41 04 50 50<strong>Website</strong>www.safety-for-all.comE-mailsecurite.pour_tous@renault.com46
5. How to teach children lifesaving proceduresRaising children’s awareness about road safety is essential, but it is not enough if we really want to reduce <strong>the</strong>risks. Even if <strong>the</strong>y follow <strong>the</strong> advice <strong>the</strong>y are given <strong>the</strong>y cannot be fully protected, <strong>first</strong>ly because a child’sperception <strong>of</strong> his/her environment remains limited even if he/she pays careful attention; and secondly becausefaulty behaviour on <strong>the</strong> part <strong>of</strong> car drivers does not depend on a child’s good will to act safely. The risk to befaced in <strong>the</strong> case <strong>of</strong> an accident is very real and cannot be denied, which is why we have to teach children howto react in emergencies.Because we are all vulnerable, every citizen, including children should be trained and encouraged to respond inaccordance with <strong>the</strong> health and emergency problems faced by <strong>the</strong>ir community. First <strong>aid</strong> information andtraining programmes, especially those targeting <strong>the</strong> most affected people, can make a significant impact:immediate lifesaving measures can contribute to reducing <strong>the</strong> severity <strong>of</strong> an injury and can improve <strong>the</strong> chances<strong>of</strong> survival. First <strong>aid</strong> training is also a good vehicle through which to communicate preventive messages and<strong>the</strong>n streng<strong>the</strong>n behavioural change processes towards making citizens safer and healthier.Children can panic in <strong>the</strong> event <strong>of</strong> a road accident, which may lead <strong>the</strong>m to endanger <strong>the</strong> victim when, in fact,<strong>the</strong>y could help him/her and save his/her life. Teaching <strong>the</strong>m lifesaving procedures would allow <strong>the</strong>m to be selfconfidentin <strong>the</strong> case <strong>of</strong> an accident. First <strong>aid</strong> training allows <strong>the</strong>m to understand that <strong>the</strong>y could be a valuablesupport for <strong>the</strong> casualty. The earlier children are taught <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong>, <strong>the</strong> more this becomes a daily routine and <strong>the</strong>repeated training at school provides <strong>the</strong>m with a lot <strong>of</strong> knowledge. This knowledge allows <strong>the</strong>m to reactappropriately and without panicking when seeking help.The <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>/<strong>Red</strong> Crescent, in particular, has developed <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> <strong>education</strong> for children over <strong>the</strong> last 30 yearsand has <strong>the</strong>refore a great deal <strong>of</strong> experience. In some countries, National <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>/<strong>Red</strong> Crescent Societieshave established programmes specifically for children in kindergartens and primary schools. Children can learnhow to call an ambulance, how to protect <strong>the</strong>mselves, how to bandage a wound and how to comfort a casualty,even if <strong>the</strong>y are only 6 or 7-year-olds. Children are never too young to learn <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong>, but <strong>the</strong> training tools andmaterials have to be adapted to <strong>the</strong>ir age and conditions. Pedagogical tools like games and stories help childrento memorise <strong>the</strong>se procedures. First <strong>aid</strong> competitions are held in some national societies, and many childrenenjoy <strong>the</strong>se challenges, and are proud to show <strong>the</strong>ir <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> abilities.This chapter is dedicated to some good practices on how to integrate <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> into <strong>the</strong> lives <strong>of</strong> children, and howto make children aware <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> need to help o<strong>the</strong>r humans in need.47
First <strong>aid</strong> information in schoolsTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children lifesaving proceduresChildren from 1 st to 3 rd level in primary schoolTo teach children <strong>the</strong> <strong>first</strong> immediate actions <strong>of</strong> <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> – call for help,check for unconsciousness and put <strong>the</strong> person in recovery position.DescriptionThe <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> instructor starts by talking briefly to <strong>the</strong> children about <strong>the</strong> importance <strong>of</strong> living up to <strong>the</strong>good advice given in <strong>the</strong> <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> campaign. The <strong>first</strong> 7 elements are presented in a dialog with <strong>the</strong>children. The contents <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 7 points are 1. Use a helmet; 2. Be visible in <strong>the</strong> dark; 3. Use <strong>the</strong> zebra crossing;4. Use <strong>the</strong> safety belt; 5. Don’t play in a parking area; 6. Look left and right when crossing <strong>the</strong> street; and 7. Callfor help. The 8 th element is about <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong>. The children are told how to administer <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> if <strong>the</strong>y witness anaccident. Afterwards, <strong>the</strong> children will have to demonstrate this by going through 6 different accident scenariosin which one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir friends is involved. The children are asked to demonstrate what <strong>the</strong>y will do as a “<strong>first</strong><strong>aid</strong>ers”in action. After <strong>the</strong> session, all <strong>the</strong> children will receive a reflector and <strong>the</strong> cartoon book (available on <strong>the</strong>website <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> campaign www.1-life.info).Methodology –Requirements. Contact <strong>the</strong> schools in <strong>the</strong> local area, where a guide is used to present <strong>the</strong> campaign and <strong>the</strong> <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> ideas.The principal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> school or <strong>the</strong> head teacher are <strong>the</strong> main contacts.. Prepare <strong>the</strong> sessions.Results. The children have learnt something about <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> and are not afr<strong>aid</strong> to help next time <strong>the</strong>y witness an accident.. They are very happy to have received a reflector as pro<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir new skills and capabilities.Assumption – Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activitySchools should be contacted early so that <strong>the</strong>y are able to incorporate <strong>the</strong> <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> arrangements in <strong>the</strong> rightcontext, and to give <strong>the</strong> teachers time to prepare <strong>the</strong> children for <strong>the</strong> First <strong>aid</strong> day activities.ContactOrganisation Danish <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>Contact person Sven HedegaardAddress Blegdamsvej 27Dk-2100 Copenhagen Ö – DENMARKTelephone +45 35 25 93 70Fax +45 35 25 93 60<strong>Website</strong>www.redcross.dkE-mailsvh@drk.dk48
First Aid CompetitionTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children life-saving procedures. Primary school children. AdultsTo teach life-saving procedures through a competition, and <strong>the</strong>refore<strong>the</strong> active participation <strong>of</strong> children.DescriptionThis national competition was <strong>first</strong> organised in schools and <strong>the</strong>n in public places. Each team has to go through5 sections: 3 focussed on <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> skills, 1 tested <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> knowledge, 1 consisted in writing a text or making adrawing about <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong>. There are 2 or 3 judges for each section. The winner receives a prize, but eachparticipant is awarded a small gift. The final competition takes place in public places where anybody can watchand also attend <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> mini-courses. Accident simulations were also staged.Methodology – RequirementsCompetitions are <strong>first</strong> organised in schools and <strong>the</strong> winner <strong>of</strong> each school participates in <strong>the</strong> final competition.. Support <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> public authorities, schools.. It is necessary to find a relevant place to set up <strong>the</strong> competition.. Mobilisation <strong>of</strong> volunteers (200), <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> instructors (8) and staff members (14).Results. Children show a great interest in <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong>.. 373 children tested <strong>the</strong>ir <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> knowledge.. The general public was provided with informationAssumption – Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activityIt is a long process, since organising this activity requires <strong>the</strong> involvement <strong>of</strong> many people.ContactOrganisation Lithuanian <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>Contact person Nijole CiutieneAddressGedimino Ave 3a2600 Vilnius – LITHUANIATelephone +370 5 262 80 37Fax +370 5 262 80 37E-mailinternational@redcross.lt49
Awareness sessions on road safety and <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong>TopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children lifesaving procedures. Children from elementary schools. TeachersTo make children and teachers aware <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> importance <strong>of</strong> preventativebehaviour in order to reduce road accidentsDescriptionProgramme <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> sessions:1. Call for help: how to correctly make an emergency call, dissemination <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> ‘112’(European emergency call number)2. Learn <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong>:. how to stop bleeding. wounds. recovery position3. Discussion between instructors and children, in particular about aspects related to safe behaviour.4. Distribution <strong>of</strong> toolsMethodology – Requirements. Sessions given in schools, 1 hour duration, maximum group <strong>of</strong> 30 children.. Distribution <strong>of</strong> tools (from <strong>the</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> campaign)Results. Participation <strong>of</strong> numerous children and teachers.. Children and teachers are aware <strong>of</strong> traffic dangers and <strong>the</strong>ir consequences.. Children know more about <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong>.Assumption – Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activityIt can be difficult:. To keep children attentive to <strong>the</strong> messages transmitted, since <strong>the</strong> sessions are made for large groups.. To motivate teachers and parents to keep up with teaching preventative behaviour.ContactOrganisation Portuguese <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>Contact person Maria HortaAddress Jardim 9 de Abril, nºs 1 a 51249-083 Lisbon – PORTUGALTelephone +351213931551Fax +351213953064E-maildes@cruzvermelha.org.pt50
‘This summer, I tan useful’TopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children lifesaving proceduresGeneral public, but especially children. To teach lifesaving procedures. To raise awareness about road safetyDescriptionA beach tour is organised during summer. The idea is to go where people are and where <strong>the</strong>y have time.On beaches, <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> instructors have a space dedicated to <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> initiation. These short courseslast around 45 minutes. People can learn how to protect a victim, to call for help, to place <strong>the</strong> victim in <strong>the</strong>recovery position, to perform cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (young children do not learn this last item).Lessons on road safety are given during <strong>the</strong> sessions. After attending <strong>the</strong> course, each participant receives adiploma, small gifts and brochures about <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> and road safety. At <strong>the</strong> end <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> day a tombola is organised.Methodology – Requirements. Mobilisation <strong>of</strong> many volunteers.. Co-operation with municipalities and <strong>the</strong> police.. Material: a caravan, equipment (mannequins, documents, stand…).. Support <strong>of</strong> partners.Results. Children showed great enthusiasm.. People described <strong>the</strong> operation as very useful and interesting. Some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m plan to take <strong>the</strong> European FirstAid Certificate.. Good results, because people are physically and mentally ‘available’ (as <strong>the</strong>y are on holiday).in France in 2002:*10,000 people were informed about road safety and <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong>, and 2,000 people followed a <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> initiation:70% were children and young people from 5 to 19 years old, more than one fifth were under 9 years old.In Belgium in 2003:* 5,845 participants for <strong>the</strong> ‘search game’ (consisting <strong>of</strong> questions to which children have to find <strong>the</strong> answers),379 persons followed a <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> course, and 918 people donated blood.Assumption – Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activity. This operation is huge, <strong>the</strong>refore it needs time to organise but it can take place locally (without requiring a big tour).. The support <strong>of</strong> municipalities and partners is essential.ContactOrganisation French <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>Contact person Diane IssardAddress1 place Henry Dunant75 008 Paris – FRANCETelephone +33 (0)1 44 43 11 00Fax +33 (0)1 44 43 12 37<strong>Website</strong>www.croix-rouge.frE-maildiane.issard@croix-rouge.frOrganisation Belgian <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> – Flemish sectionContact person Michel DumontAddress Vleurgatsesteenweg 981050 Brussels – BELGIUMTelephone +32 (0)2 645 44 61Fax +32 (0)2 646 04 41<strong>Website</strong>www.redcross.beE-mailpromotie@redcross-fl.be51
Helfi helps you to help (‘Helfi hilft Dir helfen’)TopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children lifesaving proceduresPrimary school children 7 - 8 years old.To teach <strong>the</strong> basics <strong>of</strong> <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> and accident prevention in connectionwith road safety to young children.DescriptionThis tool in 8 units was developed by <strong>the</strong> Austrian Youth <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> to give children <strong>the</strong>ir <strong>first</strong> contact with <strong>first</strong><strong>aid</strong>. Besides <strong>the</strong> <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> training, this programme is dedicated to prevention (examples: how to safely use askateboard, where not to ride, etc…) and also how to call <strong>the</strong> emergency services.Methodology –RequirementsThe multipliers for this knowledge are <strong>the</strong> primary school teachers, who can use a large range <strong>of</strong> pedagogicaltools (games, pictures, stories...) and medical background information.The children receive a booklet, too – depending on <strong>the</strong>ir age group, mainly using pictures, drawings and simpletexts and, at <strong>the</strong> end <strong>of</strong> this programme, <strong>the</strong>y receive a “certificate”.Due to <strong>the</strong> fact that this programme has now been in use in Austrian schools for 20 years, <strong>the</strong>se booklets areapproved as <strong>of</strong>ficial school books for Austrian primary schools.ResultsThis programme teaches <strong>the</strong> <strong>first</strong> ideas <strong>of</strong> <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> and accident prevention to approximately 60 000 childrenevery year.Assumption –Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activityIt takes a lot <strong>of</strong> effort to update <strong>the</strong>se materials, to adapt <strong>the</strong>m to modern pedagogical principles and to gainapproval for use as school books – but almost all children <strong>of</strong> a specific age group connected with <strong>the</strong>se ideas,and were encouraged to attend additional courses in future.ContactOrganisation Austrian Youth <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>Contact person Belma HodzicAddress Wiedner Hauptstraße 32,A-1040 Vienna – AUSTRIATelephone +43 1 58 900 172Fax +43 1 58 900 179<strong>Website</strong>www.roteskreuz.atE-mailhodzic@redcross.or.at52
Learning <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> having funTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children lifesaving proceduresChildren in primary schoolsTo teach children <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong>DescriptionIn schools and in classes consisting <strong>of</strong> 3 groups with 5 pupils each. Two groups compete and <strong>the</strong> third groupevaluates.Two accidents featuring injured persons are shown to children: discussions are organised on what happened,how <strong>the</strong> injury could have been avoided.Then, <strong>the</strong> instructor explains what should have been done for <strong>the</strong> victims.Finally, <strong>the</strong> children receive tools edited during <strong>the</strong> second <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> road safety campaign.Methodology –Requirements. A manual was prepared for <strong>the</strong> instructors. It is necessary to have <strong>the</strong> full participation <strong>of</strong> schools and teachers.Results. Children learnt actively about <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> and enjoyed it very much. 600 schools participated on World First Aid DayAssumption –Difficulties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> activity. It is essential to have volunteers well prepared for this kind <strong>of</strong> project with children, which is different fromwhat <strong>the</strong>y are accustomed to.ContactOrganisation Slovenian <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>Contact person Ciril KlajnscekAddress Mirje 19Ljubljana – SLOVENIATelephone +386 (1) 241 43 00Fax +386 (1) 241 43 44E-mailciril.klajnscek@rks.si53
‘First five minutes’ (Video)TopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children lifesaving proceduresYoung school children from 6 to 11 years old.To make children able to act in <strong>the</strong> event <strong>of</strong> an accidentDescriptionThe video (divided into two thirty-minute parts) is an <strong>education</strong>al tool for school children. It describes some lifethreateningsituations, <strong>the</strong> sequence <strong>of</strong> priorities for administering <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong>, how to deal with emergencies, howto look after oneself, <strong>the</strong> steps in providing <strong>first</strong> <strong>aid</strong> and how to treat casualties.The video includes road accident simulations, accidents, reports, public inquiries and talks with manyexplanations. The actors are children (obtain permission from parents), doctors, moderators, Tina, Tag, andTurbo (<strong>the</strong> characters used in <strong>the</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> campaign).This tool can be used during school classes. It can also be used at o<strong>the</strong>r occasions: special events, shows,special groups such as mo<strong>the</strong>rs with children, scouts…ContactOrganisation Slovak <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>Contact person Emilia PavleovaAddress Grösslingova 24814 46 Bratislava 1 – SLOVAKIATelephone +421 2 5296 64 75Fax +421 2 52 96 64 75E-mailzdravie@redcross.skOrganisation Slovak <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> local branchContact person Lucia Cangarova and Beata BodnarovaAddress Komenského 19040 13 Kosice – SLOVAKIATelephone +421 55 6224 868Fax: +421 55 6222 205E-mailsus.kosicemesto@redcross.sk54
Footnotes:1Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain, Sweden and <strong>the</strong> United Kingdom.2European Commission, General Direction Energy and Transports, 2003 – CARE Database3The International Conference is <strong>the</strong> supreme advisory body for <strong>the</strong> International <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> and <strong>Red</strong> Crescentmovement. It generally meets every four years. The members <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> international conference participate in itsdeliberations. They are: <strong>the</strong> International Committee <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>, <strong>the</strong> International Federation <strong>of</strong> <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong>and <strong>Red</strong> Crescent Societies, <strong>the</strong> recognized <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> and <strong>Red</strong> Crescent societies (181 in November 2003) and<strong>the</strong> States party to <strong>the</strong> Geneva Conventions (191 in December 2003).4The Ne<strong>the</strong>rlands <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> did not join this campaign.5European Commission, General Direction Energy and Transports, 2003 – CARE Database6European Commission, General Direction Energy and Transports, 2003 – CARE Database55
The <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> / EU Office would like to thank all contributors to thisGuide, in particular <strong>the</strong> 26 National <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> Societies <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>European <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> <strong>Road</strong> <strong>Safety</strong> <strong>Campaign</strong> in:Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and <strong>the</strong> United Kingdom for <strong>the</strong>ircommitment to this project.For fur<strong>the</strong>r contact details about <strong>the</strong> National <strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> Societies,please visit: www.ifrc.org/address/directory.aspFor more information about <strong>the</strong> campaignand this publication, please contact:<strong>Red</strong> <strong>Cross</strong> / EU OfficeRue Belliard 651040 Brussels – BelgiumTel: +32 2 235 06 80Email: infoboard@redcross-eu.net<strong>Website</strong>: www.redcross-eu.net56