Website of the Red Cross Road Safety Campaign - first aid education

The Good Practice Guideon Road Safetyand First Aid Educationfor Childrenpublished by:Red Cross/EU OfficeRue Belliard 651040 Brussels – BelgiumTel: +32 2 2 35 06 80E-mail: infoboard@redcross-eu.netWebsite: www.redcross-eu.netEditor: Red Cross Reference Centre for First Aid EducationFrench Red CrossPlace Henry Dunant 175008 Paris – FranceWebsite www.croix-rouge.netIn cooperation with the members of the Steering Groupof the European Red Cross Road Safety Campaign.Brussels 2004Responsible editor: Luc HenskensEditorial staff: Eric Bernes, Diane Issard, Ute MöhringAuthors: Eric Bernes, Emilie Goller, Diane Issard,Ute Möhring, Angela Nesheva, Annamari Raikkola,Georgia von Schlieffen, Susanne Schunder,Marcel Stefanik, Matjaz Vrtovek.Production: German Red CrossCarstennstrasse 5812205 Berlin – GermanyWebsite www.drk.deDesign: e-BILDWERKE, www.e-bildwerke.comIllustrations: Reinhild KassingTranslation: allround GmbH von der LühePrinting: eps GmbH, Kassel2

ContentEditorial 5Foreword by the European Commission 6Foreword by Toyota Motor Europe 7Introduction 81. How to make the road from home to school safe 14ActivitiesSurvey about dangerous places in a neighbourhood – France 15A walking bus to go to school – United Kingdom 16A school bus as a mobile educational tool – Germany 17Car sharing – United Kingdom 18ToolsStreetsense – United Kingdom 192. How to promote proper behaviour in traffic 20ActivitiesSafety for children as car passengers – Germany 21Glowing in the dark – Finland 22Play ‘We on the road’ – France 23Footsteps – United Kingdom 24A week dedicated to road safety – United Kingdom 25Lulli, the police bear – Iceland 26ToolsRoad safety activities guide – Denmark 27Web site of the second Red Cross Road Safety Campaign – Europe 28Road safety book for children ‘Peter and Ann in traffic’ – Estonia 29Website of the ‘Hedgehogs’ campaign – United Kingdom 30Songs for children’s road safety – United Kingdom 31The stamps of safety – Italy 32Young Health Care Officer Magazine – Czech Republic 333. How to teach children to cycle safely 34ActivitiesVoluntary bicycle riding license – Austria 35‘Les enfantilleries’ – France 36Become the king/queen of cycling – Belgium 37The little driver’s license – Denmark 38ToolsBikewise – United Kingdom 393

4. How to make children play a role in road safety 40ActivitiesPupils acting as road crossing guards – Germany 41First-form pupils present road safety to younger children – France 42Behaviour lessons through competition – Romania 43Children teach children – Latvia 44A video clip on road safety and First Aid – Luxembourg 45Competition ‘Safety for all’ – France 465. How to teach children lifesaving procedures 47ActivitiesFirst Aid information in schools – Denmark 48First Aid Competition – Lithuania 49Awareness sessions on road safety and First Aid – Portugal 50‘This summer, I tan useful’ – France and Belgium 51‚Helfi helps you to help‘ – Austria 52Learning First Aid while having fun – Slovenia 53Tools‘First five minutes’ – Slovakia 544

EditorialRoad Safety : A Contribution of the National Red Cross Societies in EuropeEvery day throughout the world, the National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies come to the assistance ofpeople who are at utmost risk from situations that threaten their survival or their capacity to live with anacceptable level of social and economic security and human dignity.The Red Cross and Red Crescent act in response to needs. It is thus not a surprise that national societies joinedefforts in the European Union to respond to one of the biggest man-made disasters the world has created foritself today.We were pleased when the European Commission recognised the extent of our network and our potential tomobilise civil society actors to contribute to the EU objective of reducing the number of deaths on the road byhalf over the next 10 years.A first European Red Cross Road Safety Campaign started in 2001, primarily targeting young novice driversbetween 18 and 25 and focusing on raising awareness and teaching simple First Aid techniques. In 2003, theCampaign was extended to reach out to school children, a particular vulnerable group in road traffic, and thedeployment of activities in 26 European countries.Joining forces is often the most effective and efficient way to improve road safety and the success of thisEuropean Road Safety Campaign was made possible thanks to the co-operation and involvement of manypartners: numerous organisations, associations, schools, municipalities, local authorities, the EuropeanCommission and private firms such as Toyota.Our activities over the last three years have created valuable insights in good practice, views and initiatives.Often these useful examples do not go beyond the local level, while they could be beneficial to others. Wetherefore decided to facilitate the exchange of experiences and networking by producing this Good PracticeGuide. The guide should offer a sound argument for all those wanting to advocate road safety and First Aid forchildren both on community, school, political and strategic level.Luc HenskensDirector Red Cross/EU Office5

Foreword by the European CommissionThe European Commission has been promoting road safety for decades and a strong impetus was given in2003 with the adoption of the third European road safety action programme. The full title is self-explanatory :“halving the number of road accident victims by 2010 – a shared responsibility”.In 2004, more than 50,000 people will die and more than two million will suffer from injuries after road accidentsin the 25 countries of the European Union. Such a human, social and economic disaster is clearly unacceptableand vigorous action is required. Even though action can be very efficient provided that all those bearing a partof responsibility take it seriously, I regret to admit that this is presently the case only in a minority of countries.Thankfully, children are not the age group at the highest risk. However, they are the teenagers and young adultsof tomorrow, and then their share in road accidents will be twice as high as their share in the entire population.This is why it is important to educate children in road safety, and this should be done as early as possible.In order to address this sensitive problem, the European Commission has given a grant to the Red Cross fora Europe-wide road safety campaign targeting children. Of particular interest is the fact that this campaign isamong the very first ones which directly involves the citizens of the ten new member countries. This will contributeto strengthening the European citizenship all across Europe.An important part of this campaign is the promotion of best practices in road safety education, based on examplesof successful initiatives collected in as many countries as possible.I am particularly grateful for the contribution of the Red Cross which, for the second time after a successfulcampaign targeting 15 to 25 year old persons, proved to be a very efficient partner in our fight for safer roads.Moreover, I am glad for this opportunity to deliver a simple message to all parents and teachers: road safetyis a serious issue and you have a duty to educate children in that respect.Let us distribute and use the guide as widely as possible, for the sake of all our children!Loyola de PalacioVice-President of the European Commission6

Foreword by Toyota Motor EuropeAs a global automobile manufacturer with a strong commitment to Europe, we aim to do everything we can toimprove the safety of all road users as well as for car drivers and passengers. For many years now, Toyota inJapan has a road safety programme specifically aimed at school children. We recognise that children are amongstthe most vulnerable of road users; they also represent our future.That is why Toyota Motor Europe warmly welcomes the opportunity to support the European Red Cross RoadSafety Campaign 2003-2004 “You’ve only got one life… So take care!” The uniqueness of this campaign is thatit integrates First Aid training for children, teaching them the practical actions to save lives in case of accidents,while raising their awareness of road safety and the steps they can take to enhance it.Another added value for the campaign, we believe, was the participation of 26 Red Cross national societies,with whom many of Toyota’s national marketing and sales companies and retailers have partnerships and performjoint activities. We very much appreciate the enthusiasm of both campaigners and participants alike. Bygenerating synergies across Europe and with the grass-roots style of this campaign, we hope to reach as manychildren and parents as possible.We are very pleased that this Good Practice Guide is published as a visible product and enduring record of thecampaign. The guide is an interesting selection of hands-on experience. We hope that it will be widely used toshare and learn from the variety of good initiatives stimulated by the campaign, and that the circle of good roadsafety practice expands.We know that efforts to improve the safety-consciousness of all road users must continue. But the partnershipwith the European Red Cross societies enables us to share the aspiration and pursue a common goal for abetter and safer society.James Rosenstein,Vice President, External Affairs, Toyota Motor Europe7

IntroductionThe Good Practice Guide on Road Safety and First Aid Education for ChildrenThis guide was developed by the National Red Cross societies of the European Union and the accessioncountries 1 within the framework of the European Red Cross Road Safety Campaign 2003-2004, ‘You’ve onlygot one life...So take care!’ObjectivesThe guide presents local road safety and First Aid practices that have proven valuable for improving road safetyfor children by making the way from home to school and back safer, teaching children how to be safe on theroads and how to behave in case of a crash. It is meant to encourage other communities and organisations toreplicate these practices in their own context.The guide is structured in such a way that it allows sharing experiences within the European Union and outside.Target AudienceThe guide is intended to be a supportive tool to anyone interested in improving their community’s capacity tobetter protect and save the lives of children on the roads. It is targeted towards parents, teachers, educationalbodies, local authorities and other relevant stakeholders.The Selection of Practices and their PresentationThe Good Practice Guide contains 36 practices that have been chosen according to:. the relevance to the subject and the audiences,. the level of achieving its development and implementation,. the ease of adaptation to other contexts.The success rates of each practice and the level of positive feedback it received were also taken intoconsideration.The practices are classified into five topics, each covering activities and tools. These are:. How to make the road from home to school safe. How to promote proper behaviour in traffic. How to teach children to cycle safely. How to make children play a role in road safety. How to teach children lifesaving proceduresThe outline of each practice is presented on a separate page and summarised in identical sections and iconsthat illustrate key aspects and relevant information for its development and implementation. The same structureis used for each practice to facilitate the comparison of practices. A practice can be either an activity or a tool.The contact details of each organisation that developed the initiative are included at the bottom so thatinterested parties can contact the organisation concerned for any extra guidance or assistance.The layout of each practice is as follows:TitleName of the practiceTopicWhat aspect of road safety or First Aid is covered8

Target group(s)Who the activity or tool is forObjective(s)Purposes of the practiceDescriptionAn outline of the activity or toolMethodology – RequirementsThe approaches, methods or materials used to develop and implement the practiceResultsThe main qualitative and quantitative resultsAssumption – Difficulties of the activityThe major lessons learnt from those who developed and implemented the practice.ContactDetailed information on the organisation in charge of the practiceThe colour of the traffic light gives an idea of the level of difficulty with respect todeveloping and implementing the practice. A red light means difficult to develop andimplement, yellow indicates a medium level, and green means easy.This sign indicates that the example is an activityThis sign indicates that the example is a toolContent of the GuideThe guide is not an exhaustive account of every aspect in the field of child road safety but instead representsthe main areas of concern and highlights some of the major child road safety initiatives in the European Unionand the accession countries.The initiatives have outlined some good practice criteria that should be considered when designing new roadsafety programmes for children. Namely:. Initiatives should be locally rooted and relevant to the needs of the local community.. There needs to be involvement from all stakeholders – children, parents, teachers, educational bodies, localauthorities and other relevant institutions and multipliers.. Local, regional or national partnerships between the public and private sector and civil society are extremelybeneficial to the success of these initiatives.. Initiatives should be short and simple to implement and repeat.. Plans should be realistic.. Behavioural changes can be effected by means of training programmes and other preventive and dissuasiveenforcement measures.. All initiatives should be assessed for their impact and sustainability.9

Availability and Distribution of the GuideThe guide is available in the following 13 languages: Danish, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek,Hungarian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Slovenian and Spanish.It is available in both printed form and on CD-ROM. These can be obtained from the national societies of theparticipating countries, contact details of which can be found in the Internet atwww.ifrc.org/address/directory.asp.The guide is also available from the Red Cross/European Union Office65 rue Belliard, Box 71040 Brussels – BELGIUMTelephone: +32 2 2 35 06 80Fax: +32 2 2 30 54 64E-mail: infoboard@redcross-eu.netThe guide can also be downloaded as a PDF file from:. www.1-life.info/guide. www.firstaidinaction.netRoad Safety and ChildrenAccording to a UNICEF report on OECD countries, road traffic accidents are the greatest single threat of deathor injury for children. In 2001, a UK survey of parents of primary school children found that the fear of roadtraffic accidents was the most worrying threat to their children. This concern is shared by many other Europeanparents and guardians.The table below shows the number of children in the European Union killed or injured in road accidents in thelast five years. 2120001000080006000boysgirls400020000cyclists pedestrians car passengersChildren (under 11 years old) killed or seriously injured in road accidents in theEuropean Union (15) over the last 5 years ( 2 )Children are one of the most vulnerable group of road users because of their size and lack of experience in roadtraffic. If you knelt down and viewed the street as seen by a child, you would understand how different the viewis when you are less than one metre tall. Children do not have a clear vision of traffic and they have difficultyjudging both speed and distance. For example, a child may see a car coming at top speed but still think it hasenough time to pick up a ball that has rolled onto the road.10

When children get off a bus or if cars are parked near a zebra crossing, they are not able to see oncoming cars.They also have difficulty recognising road signs. Children on cycles are also in danger as they usually cannotdifferentiate between traffic-free play areas and roadways where traffic flows freely. Children are also at risk aspassengers in vehicles because a booster seat is often not used, even though it is required until a child reachesthe age of 10 or even 12. In nearly 50% of all vehicle accidents involving children they are either not at all orincorrectly restrained.Engaging ChildrenChildren should not be considered mere victims. They also have the potential to protect themselves from traffichazards and are usually eager to learn. During First Aid training courses for example, they are always ready toplay the rescuer or the victim in simulation exercises. With the proper education, children can be encouraged tolearn road safety and lifesaving measures and to understand the importance of these skills. This training mayalso make them safer drivers in the future. For training to be truly effective however, all stakeholders (parents,teachers, local authorities etc.) must work together to create a learning environment for children.First AidIncorporating road safety and First Aid training into the school curriculum has proven to be one of the mosteffective ways of providing children with the knowledge and skills that allow them to deal with the ‘hostile’ trafficenvironment. To produce best results however, this training should be combined with wide-ranging safetymeasures such as driver training, the provision of safe pedestrian and crossing areas, emergency preparednessand response services and enforcement of traffic regulations.Since road safety and First Aid education may not have their own time slots in the school curriculum in manycountries, their development and implementation relies largely upon the mobilisation of children and stakeholders.Consideration should therefore be given to boosting the attractiveness of road safety and First Aideducation programmes.National Red Cross Societies and Road SafetyThere are National Red Cross societies in all EU and accession countries, all of which are members of theInternational Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent societies (http://www.ifrc.org). The Federationrepresents all 181 National Red Cross and Red Crescent societies world-wide. Its mission is to improve the livesof vulnerable people by mobilising the power of humanity. Vulnerable people are those who are at greatest riskfrom situations that threaten their survival or their capacity to live with an acceptable level of social andeconomic security and human dignity.National societies act as assistants to the public authorities in their countries in the humanitarian field and providea range of services, including disaster relief, health and social programmes. All this work is governed by theseven fundamental principles of the Red Cross and Red Crescent, which are humanity, impartiality, neutrality,independence, voluntary service, unity, and universality.The National Red Cross societies in the EU and accession countries address the needs of vulnerable road users:. by facilitating road safety partnerships between government departments, private sector bodies and localcommunities;. by assisting vulnerable road users through First Aid training, First Aid posts, ambulance services,psychological support and social assistance programmes;. by staging national road safety campaigns targeted at drivers, decision-makers and the population at large.There are also supportive regional networks that bring all or some European national societies together to workon First Aid, psychological support, youth and volunteering programmes.On account of its ongoing role in this field, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red CrescentSocieties was invited to be a founding member of the Global Road Safety Partnership (GRSP -www.grsproadsafety.org), which brings together stakeholders from civil society, government and the business11

community to pro-actively tackle the problems of road accidents in developing and transition countries. TheWorld Bank initiated the programme and the Federation Secretariat hosts the GRSP Secretariat.First Aid and road safety was one of the goals of the plan of action 2000-2003 of the XXVII. InternationalConference of Red Cross and Red Crescent 3 held in 1999. This plan of action asked for ‘improved health forvulnerable people based on strengthening the co-operation between states and national societies’.First Aid is universally recognised as an integral part of the work of the Red Cross/Red Crescent, and with itsnetwork of millions of active volunteers and professionals, the Red Cross/Red Crescent remains both a majorprovider of emergency services and a reference for educational programmes in this respect. First Aid educationprogrammes involve and centre on the beneficiaries, showing consideration for and paying respect to local conditions,culture and capacities. Furthermore, training people to cope with road injuries should include informationrelated to reducing both the risk of a crash by wearing reflective materials or not driving after drinking alcohol,and reducing the severity of injuries by wearing helmets when riding a motorcycle or scooter.The Road Safety and First Aid Campaigns Organised by the Red Cross in EuropeFrom February 2003 to May 2004, the National Red Cross societies of 26 European countries conducted a roadsafety campaign:. 14 national societies in the European Union4(Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom),. 11 national societies in accession countries (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania,Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Romania),. Icelandic Red Cross.The campaign was managed by the German Red Cross on behalf of the Red Cross/European Union Office.The European Commission, Directorate General for Transport and Energy, and Toyota Motor Europe supportedthe campaign financially. In addition to this, Red Cross staff and volunteers, schools, parents, local communities,road safety organisations and private companies took part in this pan-European project.With the slogan ‘You’ve only got one life...So take care!’, the campaign focused on primary school children andthose in charge of their well-being. The aim of this campaign was to contribute to reducing the number of schoolchildren injured and killed in road traffic accidents across the EU and candidate countries by providing information,raising awareness, exchanging good practices on road safety as well as First Aid education in schoolsand local communities. Events were organised and materials distributed to provide road users from a veryyoung age onwards continuously and systematically with insight, knowledge, information, skills and materials inorder to enable them to change their behaviour and adopt simple measures that make them safer on the roadsto/from school, be they in a car, walking, bicycling or travelling by standard bus, tram or school bus.Messages and materials developed for the campaign are available on the campaign website(www.1-life.info). As an example of campaign activities, 500,000 reflectors were distributed to children in the 26participating countries. These reflectors make children visible at 150 meters for a car driver using low-beamheadlights.This guide is a major result of the campaign. The European Reference Centre for First Aid Education (hosted bythe French Red Cross – www.firstaidinaction.net) and the campaign’s steering group contributed to its publication.This campaign is built upon the successful achievements of a previous campaign in the EU (15 countries at thattime) conducted by the Red Cross in 2001–2002 with the support of the European Commission, DG Energy andTransport in the context of its transport policy. The campaign targeted young people aged 15 to 25. It is presentedon: www.1-life.info.Creating a European FeelingThe advantages of a pan-European campaign are first of all the contacts and links established between peoplefrom different parts of the region as well as from different sectors and organisations. Furthermore, sharing experiencesand benchmarking practices helps to promote and strengthen local initiatives as well as introduce newideas and approaches.Working together to achieve the same goal has a strong impact because people cooperate and motivate eachother in cross-border and cross-organisation cooperations.12

European Added ValueThe added value of working in a pan-European setting has shown to be of great importance throughout the wholecampaign. It created and fostered a feeling of belonging and being part of a larger context for most of the RedCross societies involved in the campaign.The wider European context was a strong motivation and played an important part in its success. All partnersworked towards a common goal and mutual messages within their communities, while also being flexible enoughto adapt their activities to local needs and capacities.This flexible and innovative implementation formed an effective platform to exchange best practices within thepartnership. At meetings, the different partners had the opportunity to find out how road safety activities are putinto practice in other regions. Good practices and ideas were exchanged and some of these were implementedby sister societies.Altogether, they were also able to develop common materials while considering different local conditions andcapacities. These materials were well-received and accepted by the communities of the 26 countries taking partin the campaign.The EU EnlargementThe campaign was carried out just before the biggest enlargement of the European Union, with 10 new MemberStates about to join in May 2004. By making the campaign cover both the EU and the accession countries, itcontributed to bringing the EU closer to the volunteers and staff of Red Cross societies as well as the local communities,both in the current and new member states. For many Red Cross societies it was their first contact withthe EU, both as institution and donor.The Red Cross FeelingThe campaign also contributed to strengthening the Red Cross feeling. Many volunteers and employees of theRed Cross, both regionally and locally, are rarely in contact with the Red Cross organisations outside theircountry. The people involved in the campaign felt strongly that they belonged to a wider community.The volunteers and staff of the Red Cross felt both proud and enthusiastic to be a part of a pan-Europeanproject.Working Together Creates Many More Opportunities than Working AloneThis European Red Cross Road Safety Campaign also improved the co-operation between the National RedCross societies and local and regional stakeholders. Sharing methodology, ideas, experiences and informationwas mutually beneficial to all. The respective National Red Cross societies and their local partners also gainedin credibility thanks to the European dimension: it was easier for them to promote the campaign in theircountries.Furthermore, this campaign is inspiring for countries in other parts of Europe and regions beyond Europeanborders. Accordingly, some replications are studied to help these communities benefit from the experiencesgained and materials developed in order to protect and save more lives on roads.The success of this European Road Safety Campaign was made possible thanks to the co-operation andinvolvement of many partners: numerous organisations, associations, schools, municipalities, local authorities,the European Commission and private firms such as Toyota, who worked together in order to improve roadsafety for children.13

1. How to Make the Road from Home to School SafeChildren are confronted with dangers on the road at any time and anywhere. But there is one particular road thatthey use almost daily and that between two and four times: the road from home to school and back. Statisticsgathered in the European Union road accidents database ‘CARE’ 5 , show that accident rates for children agedfrom 6 to 11 peak in the morning, when they are on the way to school, and again, to a lesser degree, in the afternoonwhen they are on the way home.Indeed, for both children, and adults, most accidents occur on daily routes: the danger is all the more importantsince they have the impression of knowing the route well. Thus, children consider that they are safe on the roadfrom home to school, which is a serious mistake. They just don’t realise what could happen if they do not payenough attention. That is why it is all-important to make efforts to secure the road from home to school. Makingschool roads safer implies identifying the danger zones or situations and informing children about them, as wellas implementing related preventive and corrective measures. The number of cars on the road has to be reduced,for instance, by using other means of transport. In the European Union, about 75% of everyday journeysby car are spent on journeys of less than 5 km. Parents should adopt alternative modes of transport, such aswalking, cycling, using public transport or car pooling. This will also help their children make the choice of theirmode of transport when they are old enough.In this section, you will find good practices, which should help you make the journey to school and back a saferone for children.14

Survey about dangerous places in a neighbourhoodTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to make the road from home to school safe. Children. Parents. To make children and parents aware of the dangersthey can encounter on the way to school.. To encourage the authorities to reduce the risks where necessary.DescriptionBased on a list of dangers and a map of the district, children point out which places represent a danger for themwith the help of their parents.Examples of dangers:. a too long zebra crossing without central refuge,. zebra crossing too far from the place where I want to cross, which forces me to make a detour,. when I want to cross the street, the drivers don’t see me because there are cars parked too close to thezebra crossing,. very often, there are cars on the sidewalk etc.Methodology – RequirementsOne or several person(s) must be in charge of distributing the survey with the map and gathering the results.These can be teachers, parents associations etc.Results. Children and parents are more aware of the dangers in their district and the places where they must be careful.. The authorities can make the necessary decisions after having received the collected answers.Assumption – Difficulties of the activityThe list of dangers can be supplemented with a detailed explanation of each one of them.ContactOrganisationContact personAddressWebsiteE-mailInstitut national pour la sécurité des enfants (Association)Jacques Robin (President)3 rue du Général de Gaulle56 140 Malestroit - FRANCETelephone: +33 (0)2 97 75 20 43Fax: +33 (0)2 97 75 20 43www.institutsecuriteenfant.orginstitutsecuriteenfant@wanadoo.fr15

A walking bus to schoolTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to make the road from home to school safe. Children. Parents. Schools. To reduce the number of cars on the roads leading to schoolsand near schools.. To increase the safety for children who go to school on their own.DescriptionA journey and stops are defined to pick up children going to school by foot. At school, children design a sign,which is used on the roads to indicate where the walking bus stops are. Parents are expected to wait with theirchildren for the bus to arrive and if they are late, it is their responsibility to ensure the child gets to school safely.Volunteer parents manage the walking bus, one of them acts as a co-ordinator. Each “bus driver” should have aregister of pupils who use the bus. Rewards such as stickers can be used as incentives to encourage thechildren to take part.Methodology – RequirementsAll walking buses are different: they vary to suit the needs of the children and their parents. Some schools haveseveral walking buses and some only have one. The first stage is to find out, which parents are interested andwhere they live. The second stage is to define the journey and the stops. To increase the visibility of the walkingbus and the safety of the drivers, conductors and children wear reflective jackets on the journey. The successdepends on having a coordinator and enough volunteers.Results. Children who go to school on a walking bus are part of a large and visible group, which is supervised by adults.. Along the way, children learn valuable road safety skills and gain some independence.. Journeys made by foot help reduce the traffic around schools.. Regular exercise for children.. A lot of schools use this system in the United Kingdom.Assumption – Difficulties of the activityThe walking bus requires a strong involvement of parents and schools in order to decide the journey and thestops, to prepare the tools and to take children to school by foot. Some walking buses can be designedindependently, most however, have the assistance of road safety officers for training, risk assessments andsupport.ContactOrganisation Hertfordshire County CouncilContact person Sue Ellis or Gary NobleAddressCounty HallPegs Lane, Hertford, Hertfordshire – UNITED KINGDOMTelephone +44 (0)1992 55 68 06 / +44 (0)1707 35 62 69Fax +44 (0)1992 55 62 80 / +44 (0)1707 35 63 80Websitewww.walkingbus.comE-mailsue.ellis@hertscc.gov.ukgary.noble@mouchelparkman.com16

A school bus as a mobile educational toolTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to make the road from home to school safe. Children aged 6 to 13 who go to school by bus. Parents. Bus drivers. To raise awareness about the potential dangers of travelling by bus.. To teach children how to minimise dangers in traffic.. To improve children’s social skills and behaviour on public transport.DescriptionThe bus school is a “mobile classroom” run by a private bus company. Lessons on bus safety and social skillsare given by teachers/instructors. The curriculum consists of: how to behave properly at the bus stop, inside thebus and how to leave the bus without taking risks. One hour of theoretical instruction is combined with practicalexercises at the bus stop and inside the bus, including an emergency stop at a speed of 15 km/h. In addition,the bus school provides information for parents on safe routes to school and for bus drivers on the special needsof children in public transport.Methodology – Requirements. Co-operation between bus companies, schools, local authorities, the police, parents.. Training of school bus teachers / instructors.. Equipment (school bus, various teaching aids).. Funding.Results. The combination of theoretical and practical instructions is effective.. After attending the bus school, the majority of children behave in a more responsible manner.. Since the start of this initiative, a lot of bus companies joined.Assumption – Difficulties of the activity. For full benefit, the school lessons should be accompanied by complementary activities involving bus drivers,school teachers, parents and children.. It requires strong involvement to find and convince all the actors (bus companies etc)ContactOrganisation Autokraft GmbH (private company)Contact person Hans-Martin GabrielAddress Hamburger – Chaussee 1024114 Kiel – GERMANYTelephone +49 431 66 6 34 11Websitewww.autokraft.deE-mailbusschule@autokraft.de17

Car sharingTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to make the road from home to school safeParentsTo reduce the number of cars near schools and therefore reducing thepotential risk of road accidents.DescriptionDuring the morning and afternoon school run, roads near schools are often congested with cars due to parentsdropping off their children. This can result in road safety concerns, for example children darting between cars tocross the street.A potential solution is to reduce the number of cars near schools by means of car sharing. In Cambridge, theCambridge Transport and Educational Establishments (CTTE) partnership worked together to develop a webbasedcross-school car sharing scheme. A restricted Internet site is used to allow parents to communicate andfind car-sharing matches.Methodology – RequirementsThe first stage is to find out, which parents are interested and where they live (by organising a meeting orsending a questionnaire via the schools). Then it is necessary to define the route and time of the journeys.If there are a lot of participants, the internet represents the relevant tool but it is necessary to set up a system ofvalidation and passwords to guarantee that all contacts are confidential.Results. Reduction of the number of cars near schools, therefore reduction of risks for children.. Eight independent schools take part in the London scheme.. Eight private schools in Cambridge launched a car-sharing scheme and since then, five other schools havejoined, representing more than 2,500 students in the 13 schools.. There has been a large increase in informal car sharing in general due to the promotion of car sharing in theseschools.Assumption – Difficulties of the activity. The scheme needs to be well organised to ensure the smooth running of this activity.. Using the internet can be difficult for some people, for example if access is not available at home or work.. Car sharing is not offered as the solution to issues regarding safety on the journey to school, however it is oneof a number of solutions that can be developed and implemented.ContactOrganisation Cambridgeshire County CouncilContact person Kirsty GillilandAddressBox ET1001 Caste Court, Shire HallCambridge, CB3 OAP – UNITED KINGDOMTelephone: +44 01223 71 71 11Fax +44 01223 71 81 59E-mailkirsty.gilliland@cambridgeshire.gov.uk18

StreetsenseTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to secure the road from home to school. Pupils, especially those in the transition phase between primary andsecondary school. TeachersTo raise awareness about road safetyDescriptionThe Scottish Road Safety Campaign has developed road safety education resources for primary school pupils,including the transition between primary and secondary school. ‘Streetsense’ is a package containing separatebooklets for each level, which each contain teachers’ notes, suggested lesson plans and pupil activities. Thereare also posters, photos, leaflets and an audio CD included in this pack.Streetsense was launched in September 2003 and made available to all Scottish primary schools in order toensure that all children and young people in Scotland receive basic road safety education at school. Thisteaches them how to be safe in traffic, especially on the road from home to school.ContactOrganisation Scottish Road Safety CampaignContact person Catrina Steenberg (Education Officer)AddressHeriot-Watt Research park North, Riccarton, CurrieEdinburgh, EH14 4AP – UNITED KINGDOMTelephone +44 (0)131 472 9204Fax +44 (0)131 472 9201Websitewww.srsc.org.ukE-mailCatrina.Steenberg@scotland.gsi.gov.uk19

2. How to Promote Proper Behaviour in TrafficChildren in the European Union are at risk in traffic, especially on the journey to school: statistics 6 show that thenumber of children from 6 to 11 who were killed or seriously injured in road accidents over the last 5 years canexceed 1.5 and even 2 children per million inhabitants of the European Union at certain hours of the day.Children on foot are the most affected.It is therefore necessary to implement activities for promoting proper behaviour in traffic, for instance by raisingthe awareness about road hazards and teaching children road safety, notably when they are pedestrians. Thiseducation has to be simple, attractive, interactive and – most importantly – has to integrate practical exercises,not only information.Parents have the main responsibility for educating their children with regard to road hazards and the rules tofollow. However, schools, local authorities, the police and associations also have a role to play. In addition,certain educational resources are very useful for improving safety, such as reflectors, which ensure bettervisibility.This chapter includes many activities and tools for improving road safety for children by promoting properbehaviour in traffic.20

Safety for children as car passengersTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in trafficParents of pre-school and primary school children. To inform parents how to increase the safety of young car passengers.. To raise awareness about the proper use of child restraint systems incars.DescriptionMore than 60% of children dying in road accidents are car passengers. This makes car transport the most dangerousmeans of transportation for children. Often, parents neglect their responsibility for their children’s healthand safety or don’t have sufficient knowledge about the proper use of child restraint systems. To overcome thesegaps in information and motivation, the German Automobile Club (ADAC) and Toyota joined forces in a newprogramme targeting the parents of young children via kindergarten, schools and other institutions. At specialevents, trained instructors provide information about technical, legal and practical issues related to childrestraint systems combined with practical demonstrations, exercises and individual advice.Methodology – Requirements1.Development of a suitable programme for parents with issues like:. accident risks and effects for unrestrained children in cars,. legal framework, law enforcement, sanctions for parents / drivers,. getting in and out of a car safely,. choice and proper use of suitable child restraint systems,. transportation of several children,. how to deal with child resistance,. coping with long journeys / holidays by car.2. Training by instructors across the country.3. Organisation of events in suitable locations, e.g. schools, public places, Toyota showrooms.Results. Parents receive support in making informed choices about purchasing child restraints systems and their use.. Partnership between a motoring association and a car manufacturer reaches wide audience at local level.. More than 48.000 participants at 870 events in the first 8 monthsAssumption – Difficulties of the activityIt is necessary to mobilise a lot of people to ensure a successful operation.ContactOrganisation ADAC e.V.Contact person Franz SchibalskiAddress Am Westpark 8D-81373 München - GERMANYTelephone +49 89 76 76 24 78Fax +49 89 7 60 02 08Websitewww.sicher-im-auto.comE-mailverkehr.sicherheit@zentrale.adac.deOrganisation Toyota Deutschland GmbHAddress Toyota-Allee 2D-50420 Köln – GERMANYWebsitewww.toyota.deE-mailmail@toyota.de21

Glowing in the darkTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in trafficChildrenTo show children how useful reflectors are for visibility. Children have tobe aware of the difference between using and not using a reflectorwhen it is dark.DescriptionThe children are divided into three groups. One group has flashlights, another one has reflectors and the last oneis without lights and reflectors. The group with flashlights tries to find the others as fast as possible. Obviously, itis much easier to find children that wear reflectors. The game is played in the evening when it is dark outside orinside in a darkened room.Methodology – Requirements. Teachers and/or parents must explain the rules and look after the children.. It is necessary to find dark or shadowy places and to have flashlights and reflectors.ResultsAfter this test, children are aware that reflectors are necessary in the dark and are more motivated to use them.Assumption – Difficulties of the activity. If it is not dark enough, the game does not work.. This activity can be carried out at school, in summer camps or during birthday parties.ContactOrganisation Finnish Red CrossContact person Niina HirvonenAddressTehtaankatu 1 a00140 Helsinki - FINLANDTelephone +358 9 129 33 48Fax +358 9 129 33 38Websitewww.redcross.fiE-mailniina.hirvonen@redcross.fi22

Play ‘We on the road’TopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in traffic. Children in primary and secondary schools. Teachers. To raise awareness about road safety.. To give children ideas to develop their own playwith the help of teachers.DescriptionThe play “We on the road” deals with problems of behaviour on the road with humour and realism. It is anoriginal way to deal with road safety and a strong tool to spread messages.The play consists of several sequences, notably:. the little pedestrian rap (music),. a tale written by Grimm,. a story about a person that had a serious accident etc.After the performance, discussions are organised.Methodology – RequirementsThis play was made possible by a partnership between an amateur theatre school, “Théâtre évasion”, and theAFTC (association for families of cranial traumatised people)It is necessary to write a script, find actors and a place with facilities.Results. Messages about road safety are delivered in an interactive and imaginative way and attractthe interest of children.. 3,000 primary and secondary school children saw the play.. The operation was rewarded with the Norauto* road safety prize 2002Assumption – Difficulties of the activityIt is a long-term activity: writing the script, the set-up etc.ContactOrganisationContact personAddressE-mailR’éveil AFTC (association)Myriam Molders1 avenue Georges Hannart59 170 Croix – FRANCETelephone: +33 (0)3 20 65 15 62Fax: +33 (0)3 20 65 15 33coma-reveil@nordnet.fr* Norauto has a lot of sales outlets where cars are repaired.23

FootstepsTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in traffic. Children. AdultsTo enable children to behave safely in traffic in order to avoid accidents.Description“Footsteps” is a pedestrian training scheme for young children. Children go out of the school with a trained tutorto observe the traffic and discuss road safety.“Footsteps” is a three-stage programme, each stage slightly more advanced than the one before. It focuses onbasic issues that children need to become safer road users. The topics that tutors deal with are:. safe places. stop, look and listen. fast and slow. near and far. crossing etc.The tutors keep a record of each child’s progress and when a tutor considers that a child has understood the keyconcepts of a stage, he/she receives a certificate.Methodology – Requirements. The tutors are volunteers trained by a road safety officer. He/she receives a manual that corresponds to a guide.. Tutors have contact with schools in order to implement the activities.ResultsChildren learn about road safety by being directly confronted with real traffic problems and dangers.Assumption – Difficulties of the activity. Establishing a programme. Visiting schoolsContactOrganisation Buckinghamshire County CouncilAddressCounty Hall, Walton Street, AylesburyBuckinghamshire HP20 1UA – UNITED KINGDOMTelephone +44 (0)1296 38 24 50Websitewww.buckscc.gov.ukE-mailenquiries@ buckscc.gov.uk24

A week dedicated to road safetyTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in traffic. Children. AdultsTo raise awareness about road safety.DescriptionIn 2002, many activities were carried out to raise awareness about road safety: conferences or interviews withkey speakers, photo shooting sessions with local school children and celebrities, road safety information for bothchildren and adults, release of balloons with the campaign banner (with the message “slow down”).Children participated by wearing “slow down” T-shirts and urging drivers to slow down.Methodology – Requirements. Support and involvement of road safety units, police and fire services, schools and many other organisationscommitted to road safety.. Finding relevant places.. Preparations: distribution of messages and tools, organisation of conferences, press releases, sponsors.Results. A free “action pack” was requested by 9,317 schools to enable them to host a road safety week (the packageincludes a guide to teach road safety along with road safety week posters).. 91% of schools said they would host a road safety campaign as a result of reading the package.Assumption – Difficulties of the activityBig event, not always easy to mobilise various actors/associations.ContactOrganisation Brake (Road safety charity)Address PO Box 548Huddersfield, HDI 2XZ – UNITED KINGDOMTelephone: +44 01 484 559909Fax +44 01 484 55 99 83Websitewww.brake.org.ukE-mailbrake@brake.org.uk25

Lúlli, the police bearTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in trafficChildren in kindergartenTo teach children useful traffic rules in order to increasetheir safety in traffic.DescriptionPolice officers visit the kindergarten in consultation with the pre-school teachers or the parents’ association, oron their own initiative. The children are divided into age groups and each group is given proper material.Examples of themes:. How to cross the road: stop, look, listen,. How to walk in a parking area,. Reflectors and their use,. Automobiles – safety equipment for children,. Bicycles and helmets.Lúlli, a bear, is used to aid comprehension.Methodology – Requirements. Co-operation between the police and the kindergartens.. Tools (teddy bear, various teaching materials for different age groups). Funding. 1 - 2 police officersResults. The combination of stories and practical information is very effective.. Children will be more careful, thus avoiding accidents.Assumption – Difficulties of the activityContactOrganisation Reykjavík PoliceContact person Gudmundur GigjaAddress Hverfisgata 115150 Reykjavík - ICELANDTelephone +354 569 9242Fax +354 569 9282E-mailggigja@lr.is26

Road safety activities guideTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in trafficLeaders in the local Red Cross branches.. To propose activities to teach road safety to children.. To make recommendations for obtaining arrangements andpermission to enter schools.DescriptionThe guide was developed to help volunteers start up a road safety campaign in schools. It consists of 10sections of facts, good ideas and advice. The 10 sections include:1. Introduction2. What is our Road Safety Campaign3. Children and danger in traffic4. Ideas for activities5. Scenario descriptions6. Material7. Introductory letters for the school principal or the head teacher8. What is ‘The Little Drivers’ License’9. Evaluation form10. Examples of press releases for the local newspaper and radio/TV.Good relations with the school and flexibility are vital to have road safety and first aid activities included in theschool programme. The best time for making contact is probably early spring in order to establish a timetable forthe next school year after the summer holidays.ContactOrganisation Danish Red CrossContact person Sven HedegaardAddress Blegdamsvej 27Dk-2100 Copenhagen Ö – DENMARKTelephone +45 35 25 93 70Fax +45 35 25 93 60Websitewww.redcross.dkE-mailsvh@drk.dk27

Website of the Red Cross Road Safety CampaignTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in traffic. Children. AdultsTo increase awareness of road safety through information andeducational games.DescriptionThe website includes general information about:. Road safety: facts and figures, advice on how to behave safely on the road, etc.... The campaign: the participants, the calendar, press releases etc.The web site also includes a games section for children that reminds them of 8 key road safety rules, and thatuses the three characters of the campaign, Tina, Tag and Turbo :. a memory game,. traffic situations,. a colouring book,. a comic strip,. a kids’ club with a membership card,. postcards.The comic book, the colouring book and the membership card can be printed from the website.ContactOrganisation Red Cross/European Union OfficeContact person Luc HenskensAddress Rue Belliard 65, Box 71040 Brussels – BELGIUMTelephone +32 2 235 06 80Fax: +32 2 230 54 64Websitewww.1-life.infoE-mailinfoboard@redcross-eu.net28

Road safety book for children „Peter and Ann in Traffic“TopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in trafficChildrenTo teach children behaviour rules in trafficDescriptionThe book addresses young children in kindergarten and primary school. It is eye-catching for children, since it isvery colourful and illustrates children in various traffic situations. 11 pages of drawings allow children to learnimportant traffic rules in a way suited to their age. The rules are formulated texts that are easy for children toread and understand, such as always walking on the pavement, how to walk when there is no pavement, how tocross the road, how to behave near the bus, how to be seen in the dark, etc.ContactOrganisation Estonian Red CrossContact person Indrek SimiskerAddress Lai street 170001 Tallinn - ESTONIATelephone +372 6 41 16 43Fax +372 6 41 16 41E-mailIndrek.simister@redcross.ee29

Website of the ‘Hedgehogs’ campaignTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in traffic5-10 year old childrenTo teach children proper behaviour in traffic, and to raise theirwareness about road hazards.DescriptionOn this website, children can read the lyrics of songs used in ads (glow in the dark, king of the road, green man,stayin’ alive, knowing the road, clamp), watch the Hedgehogs on video, download a hedgehogs screensaver andplay the following 5 games:. Simon: children have to choose which way the cyclist has to go.. Zebra crossing: children have to get the zebra to cross the roads safely.. Double up: the children have to match the road signs with their correct meanings in this memory game.. Look out: children click on the characters which are behaving dangerously.. Walkies: children have to use their mouse to keep the dog on the path.ContactOrganisation Department for TransportAddressEnquiry Service, Great Minster House, 76 Marsham StreetLondon SW1P 4DR – UNITED KINGDOMTelephone +44 020 79 44 83 00Fax +44 020 79 44 65 89Websitewww.hedgehogs.gov.ukE-mailroad.safety@dft.gsi.gov.uk30

Songs for children’s road safetyTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in traffic7-11-year-old childrenTo increase awareness about road safetyDescriptionSongs about road safety are available online, as well as valuable advice for teachers.The songs cover the following themes:. going on a school trip. seeing and being seen. belting up. safe place to cross. cycling safely.Example: before going on a school trip, teachers should give children information and instructions about roadsafety and make then sing the song ‘Going on a school trip’This PDF file is available on: http://www.rospa.org.uk/road/assembly/7_11.pdfContactOrganisation: RoSPA (the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents)AddressRoSPA Head OfficeEdgbaston Park, 353 Bristol Road, EdgbastonBirmingham B5 7ST – UNITED KINGDOMTelephone +44 01 21 248 20 00Fax +44 01 21 248 20 01Websitewww.rospa.comE-mailhelp@rospa.com31

The stamps of safetyTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in traffic. Children. AdultsTo generate interest in the road safety campaign of the Italian Red CrossDescriptionThe Italian post office will issue stamps dedicated to the campaign. The stamps will bear the picture of Tina, thecampaign mascot.The stamps and campaign postcards will be sold at all Red Cross events in Italy. The stamps will be sold tomajor companies in Italy to use for their correspondence.ContactOrganisation Italian Red CrossContact person Alessandra DiodatiAddress Via Veneto 9600187 Rome – ITALYTelephone +39 06 47 41 64 5Fax +39 06 42 01 06 42Websitewww.cri.itE-mailalessandracri@interfree.it32

Young Health Care Officer MagazineTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to promote proper behaviour in trafficChildren. To improve one’s road safety knowledge. To learn what to do in the event of a car accidentDescriptionYoung Health Care Officer Magazine focused on the road safety campaign in 2003.Several pages of the magazine were dedicated to road safety:. Tina the cat and road safety. Traffic education. How to call emergency services. You only have one life – watch out. Tina cartoonThe magazine was distributed via local Red Cross branches.ContactOrganisation Czech Red CrossContact person Vaclav CernyAddress Thunovska 1811804 Prague 1 – CZECH REPUBLICTelephone +420 251 104 23 8Fax +420 251 104 26 4E-mailcerny@cck-cr.cz33

3. How to teach children to cycle safelyBicycles are a popular form of transport because of their many advantages: they are environmentally friendly,they are a great way to exercise and move through traffic jams easily. For many children bicycles are the firstmode of transport, and since the development of mountain bikes, new horizons have been opened, but also newdangers. As a result everyone, in particular children, have to learn the rights and duties of cyclists throughtheoretical and practical education.Apart from a good knowledge of traffic rules, it is important to teach children to cycle safely, which has to becarried out through practical training so that children can learn how to service the bike, how to turn, to brakeetc... and, finally, obtain a ‘cycling certificate’.The use of protective equipment is also a central aspect. In many programmes, activities are developed toteach children the best ways to protect themselves when riding a bicycle. These activities focus on the use ofsafety equipment for bicycles, such as elbow and knee pads, lights and brakes. Last but not least, the wearing ofprotective helmets should be promoted since head injuries are the main cause of death and severe injury forcyclists. Even if some of this equipment is not yet compulsory in all countries, it is essential to encourageeveryone, including children, to use it.This chapter gives examples of programmes that focus on cycling, including those that teach how to behavesafely in traffic and how to ride a bicycle well.34

Voluntary bicycle driving licenseTopicHow to teach children to cycle safelyTarget group(s) Children aged 10-12Objective(s). To teach children the rights and duties of cyclists.. To take an examination (which is legally recognised)DescriptionThe Austrian Youth Red Cross has organised cycling examinations for over thirty years. These take place eachyear. The children prepare for the examination in school with their teachers, and do practical training with theircycles. They have to answer questions about the rights and duties of cyclists, and take a practical cycling test. Ifthey pass the test they qualify to ride their bicycles on the street unaccompanied before the age of 12.Methodology – Requirements. Co-operation with schools and the local police: the examination is supervised by a police officer.. For each participant: brochure, examination sheet, stickers, licence.. For each group of students: order form, poster.Results. Successful completion of the bicycle examination allows children aged 10-12 to ride their bicycles on thestreet, and is an important contribution to road safety.. 80 000 pupils participate each year.Assumption – Difficulties of the activityIt was a great challenge and took a lot of work to set up this activity, which involved the creation of a recognisedprogramme.ContactOrganisation Austrian Youth Red CrossContact person Belma HodzicAddress Wiedner Hauptstraße 32,A-1040 Vienna - AUSTRIATelephone +43 1 58 9 00 17 2Fax +43 1 58 9 00 17 9Websitewww.roteskreuz.atE-mailhodzic@redcross.or.at35

‘Les enfantilleries’TopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children to cycle safely7-11-year-old childrenTo teach children how to cycle safelyDescriptionThe Institut National pour la Sécurité des Enfants (National Institute for the Safety of Children) proposespractical exercises for children to learn how to cycle safely: a circuit is drawn on a playground, road signs arehung around children’s necks and each child stands in a specified location. Then, around 6 children ride theirbicycles while observing the road signs. Also, there is an exercise for learning stopping distances.Methodology – Requirements. Volunteers to organise and take care of children.. A suitable location. Materials (road signs…)Results. Children like learning through practical exercises. 1000 children have already taken part (in groups of 25 children).Assumption – Difficulties of the activityIf possible, you can film the children, then watch the tape with them and ask them to point out their mistakes.ContactOrganisation Institut National pour la Sécurité des Enfants (association)Contact person Jacques Robin (President)Address3 rue du Général de Gaulle56 140 Malestroit - FRANCETelephone +33 (0)2 97 75 20 43Fax +33 (0)2 97 75 20 43Websitewww.institutsecuriteenfant.orgE-mailinstitutsecuriteenfant@wanadoo.fr36

Become the king/queen of cyclingTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children to cycle safelyPrimary and secondary school childrenAdults (teachers, policemen…)Objectives depend on the level of knowledge and age:Level 1: basic cycling.Level 2: learning how to cycle in traffic (in groups).Level 3: going out in smaller groups and individual exercises to learnhow to cycle in traffic.DescriptionLevel 1: children learn basic abilities: to maintain the bicycle, to brake, to maintain their trajectory, to turn left orright.Level 2: children learn how to cycle in traffic in groups (traffic rules, road facilities for cyclists, equipment of thecyclist, place of the cyclist in road traffic)Level 3: a group of 15 children learns how to cycle in traffic and receives individual training.They learn how to cycle in various situations: roundabouts, lights, one-way streets, etc.Methodology – RequirementsLevel 1: lessons given on the playground or playing field.After having checked the bicycles and the level of the children, practical exercises with games are carried out,as well as a test to check what the children have learnt.Levels 2 and 3 also include theoretical training and address primary and secondary school children. Theactivities are carried out near the school.The lessons are given by one trainer per class. For level 2 and 3, at least a second adult is necessary toaccompany the class.ResultsChildren follow a full course of training that takes their age into account.Assumption – Difficulties of the activityIt is not free of charge because the activity is carried out by trained persons and the association cannot cover allthe expenses (transport, cycle hire, wages…)ContactOrganisation Pro Velo absl (association)Contact person Christian BrodkomAddressMaison des cyclistes de Bruxelles15 rue de Londres, 1050 Brussels – BELGIUMTelephone +32 2 517 17 68 and +32 02 502 73 55Fax +32 2 502 86 41Websiteww.provelo.orgE-mailveloeducation@provelo.org37

The Little Drivers’ LicenseTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children to cycle safely. 6 to 10-year-old children: from 1stto 3 rd level in primary school. Parents. TeachersTo teach children to behave and cycle safely in traffic, and to providehelp for accident victimsDescriptionTeachers in schools or after-school-institutions run the activities themselves. The teacher receives a packagecontaining two games, the manual with the training instructions, a video with scenarios of traffic situations (notaccidents), drivers’ licenses for the children.The teacher presents the “Little Drivers License” to the children once they have passed the test. The drivers’license consists of the following:1. Signs and symbols2. How to behave in the traffic3. First aid4. Cycling practice5. Maintaining the bicycle.Methodology – Requirements. All schools are sent an invitation to join the campaign. If a school wants to participate it receives a packagewith materials, including descriptions and conditions for the event and the participation requirements.. Participation: free of charge.Results475 schools and after-school-institutions have participated, with up to 100 children from 7 to 10 years old ineach school. Furthermore, the parents of the children were informed about the campaign and the children weretold to ask their parents if they knew about safety conditions!. Children have demonstrated a good understanding of what it means to behave safely in traffic, and to knowhow to help someone in the event of an accident.Assumption – Difficulties of the activityThis activity requires a minimum of organisation but, since it is available in the form of a package, it is veryhelpful. A fee is charged for participation in order to cover the expenses for the development of materials anddelivery expenses.After-school-institutions have a unique potential because there are no class hour limitations.ContactOrganisation Danish Road Safety CouncilContact person Karsten KoldingAddress Lersø Park Allé 111DK-2100 Copenhagen Ö - DENMARKTelephone +45 39 16 39 39Fax +45 39 16 39 40E-mailkk@rfsf.dk38

Bikewise (CD-ROM)TopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children to cycle safely. Children. AdultsTo teach children how to cycle safelyDescriptionThe London Borough of Bromley’s Road Safety Unit created “Bikewise” as a learning tool. The theory testensures every child has a thorough understanding of the rules of the road before staring on-road training. TheCD-ROM takes the child through every aspect of cycling, from turning at junctions to cycle maintenance andwearing the right gear.Turning left and right is illustrated in video clips of children demonstrating the turns.There are interactive quizzes on a number of subjects, including cycle maintenance, safety and choosing a saferoute to cycle to school.The CD-ROM also shows adults how to find cycle routes within the Borough of Bromley, how to store bicyclessafely at railway stations or at work, and how to combine cycling with public transport.A section allows parents to help their child practice for cycling proficiency training. Teachers can also play theirpart in encouraging cycling to school through a number of downloadable games.ContactOrganisation London Borough of Bromley, road safety unitContact person John WaltonAddressCivic Centre, Stockwell CloseBromley, BR1 3UH – UNITED KINGDOMTelephone +44 020 8313 4358Fax +44 020 8313 1948E-mailroad.safety@bromley.gov.uk39

4. How to make children play a role in road safetyRaising children’s awareness about road safety by providing them with the necessary information is important.But the results of road safety education can be even better if children take part in effective and attractiveactivities in order to play a role in road safety.This involvement and participation leads children to feel that they have a mission to accomplish, thus becomingmore concerned and more likely to memorise road safety problems and their solutions. The outcome of suchinitiatives carried out recently in Europe is very positive: children are very interested in actively promoting roadsafety. They are particularly enthusiastic when they teach road safety to other children. Children not only havethe desire to participate in road safety, they also have the capacity and the power to act. We should notunderestimate these abilities.Making children participate in road safety education allows them to take responsibility for helping their peers, butit is also a real bonus for those who receive the education. Children’s, but also adult’s, attention is easier tocatch when it is the children who give road safety education.Many activities can be organised to make children play a role in road safety: children can design road signs,participate in competitions about road safety, in plays on road hazards, or they can patrol crossings nearschools, for instance.In this section, there are numerous examples how to give children an active role in road safety education.40

Pupils acting as road crossing guardsTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to make children play a role in road safetyChildren aged 13 and above. To guard crossings near schools before and after school. To teach pupils of all ages to cross the street safelyDescriptionIn Germany, the programme of pupils acting as road crossing guards (Schülerlotsen) was introduced in 1953,based on a similar scheme in the USA. Today it is a national programme, and is recognised as a reliable andsuccessful element of road safety work. Across the country trained and supervised pupils guard the traffic atdangerous spots near schools and help other pupils to cross the road. Every year national competitions arecarried out to reward some of the 50 000 volunteers with prizes.Methodology – Requirements. Co-operation between schools, local authorities, police, road safety councils…. Training pupils who want to become crossing guards,. Supervision of these trained pupils,. Equipment (orange hat and raincoat, reflective pedals),. Sponsors,. Information for the public.Results. In 50 years there hasn’t been a single traffic death at a crossing guarded by these young crossing wardens.. Thousands of children take on responsibilities to help their peers.. Children are visible and recognised as participants in road safety.Assumption –Difficulties of the activityIt has been difficult to maintain regular funding for this programme from the same sources. At present, financialsupport is provided by the German association of car manufacturers.ContactOrganisation Deutsche Verkehrswacht e.V. (German Road Safety Council)Contact person Cornelia BrodesserAddress Am Pannacker 253340 Meckenheim – GERMANYTelephone +49 2225/884-34Fax +49 2225/884-68E-mailcb@dvw-ev.de41

First-form pupils introduce road safety to younger childrenTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to make children play a role in road safetyChildren in their fourth year of primary school and first-form pupilsTo raise children’s awareness about road hazardsDescriptionThe first-form pupils took photographs of careless road users, prepared a presentation (each group worked on atheme) and showed it to younger children. The photographs were used in class to debate road safety issues.Methodology – Requirements. Teachers take care of children when they take photographs, after that they help them prepare their presentations. Material (cameras)Results. A photo album about road hazards was made by first-form pupils.. This initiative was a great success, children showed great enthusiasm when the project was explained tothem, and enjoyed debating with children from other classes.Assumption – Difficulties of the activityThis activity requires the participation of sufficient adults to take care of the children when they are out andabout taking photos.ContactOrganisation Ecole Grandclément (School)Contact person BaudinoAddress51 rue de la République69120 Vaux en Velin – FRANCETelephone +33 (0)4 78 80 71 0642

Behaviour lessons through competitionTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to make children play a role in road safetyChildren from 7 to 11 years oldTo teach road safety to children by making themparticipate in a competition.DescriptionThe competition involves writing stories for the comic book of the second European Red Cross Road SafetyCampaign (website www.1-life.info). The Romanian Red Cross co-operated with a children’s magazine “Tanu’sworld”, which published episodes of the campaign’s comic book free of charge. Children sent their stories to themagazine. The most ingenious stories were awarded prizes during the winter holiday.Methodology –Requirements. Children have to learn traffic rules to participate in the competition, since they have to be able to write textswith correct messages.. Selection of storiesResults. In the end, all the participants were correctly informed about road safety, in particular about the rules theymust respect.. Children learnt about road safety by writing their own stories.Assumption –Difficulties of the activityTo find a partnership with a magazine for childrenContactOrganisation Romanian Red CrossContact person Victoria MihaescuAddress Biserica Amzei 29Bucharest – ROMANIATelephone +40 (21) 2129855Fax +40 (21) 3128452E-mailcrr@xnet.ro43

Children teach childrenTopicHow to make children play a role in road safetyTarget group(s) Children aged 5-11Objective(s) To teach children road safety.DescriptionThe Latvian Red Cross Youth (LRCY) has developed a training programme on road safety for children aged 5-11. Volunteers of the LRCY acted as safety instructors for small children using tools with which they are familiar:drawings, games, quizzes and small puppet shows. They entered kindergartens and schools where they taughtroad safety using their own drawings on the theme, and took part in activities together with children. The lectureis based on discussions and questions dealing with road safety in a simple way.Methodology –Requirements. Children’s drawings used as visual aids to speak about road safety and related situations (paper and drawingmaterials required).. Some drawings were prepared in advance by youth instructors, but new drawings are made during the lecturesas well.. A very simple game used for small groups (game prepared by instructors).. In some cases a small puppet show is used to demonstrate road safety (puppet made of coloured socks).Results. Children are very interested, the idea of “children teaching children” is very well accepted, many kindergartensand schools are interested.. It is also a very good way to attract young volunteers.Assumption –Difficulties of the activity. Funding to teach youth instructors so they can answer children’s questions properly.. The website of the second Red Cross Road Safety campaign can be used in the schools (road safetymessages, colouring book etc)ContactOrganisation Latvian Red CrossContact person Inga MelbardeAddress Skolas Street 1Riga LV-1010 – LATVIATelephone +371 733 66 51Fax +371 733 66 51Websitewww.redcross.lvE-mailinga.melbarde@redcross.lv44

A video-clip on road safety and first aidTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to make children play a role in road safety. Primary school children. Adults. To involve school children in the production of a sensitisation clip.. To raise awareness about road safety and the need to learn first aid.DescriptionThe Luxembourg Red Cross produced a clip about road safety and first aid with the participation of children. Thevideo-clip is available in two versions: one for TV (3 minutes) and one for cinemas (1 minute).The script: pupils leave school, arrive at home and start to play outside: the accident happens…There are someadults around, but only one child knows how to react and administer first aid.Methodology – RequirementsThe video-clip project is divided into three phases:1.Over the course of 3 workshops the script for the video-clip was written by the children from a local Youth RedCross branch, together with one professional director and with some assistance from the Luxembourg RedCross (LRC) first aid youth leaders.2.During a 3-day workshop the video-clip was recorded with the children both as actors and as the technicalcrew. The clip was post-produced with the help of LRC youth-leaders familiar with digital video production.The result of the first two moments is a semi-professional video-clip to be used in training at events and on theLRC website.3.Professionals re-recorded the clip in order to prepare it for broadcast in a Luxembourg TV youth programme.In order to have a product for TV (step n°3), the LRC had to look for funding.Results. The first step (discussions about road safety and work on the script) was particularly interesting because of theactive participation of the children. With this kind of involvement children learn a lot.. The message comes across better with the involvement of children.Assumption –Difficulties of the activity. Access to visual media other than the internet requires funding.. It is not easy to produce a video-clip without professionals.ContactOrganisation Luxembourg Red CrossContact person Marc CrochetAddress44, bd Joseph IIL - 2014 LUXEMBOURGTelephone +352 49 30 24Fax +352 48 15 77Websitewww.croix-rouge.luE-mailmarc.crochet@croix-rouge.luOrganisation Luxembourg Red Cross YouthContact person Tom PetitAddress126 rue de HollerichL - 1740 LUXEMBOURGTelephone +352 49 30 24Fax +352 48 15 77E-mailyoungcross@croix-rouge.lu45

Competition ‘Safety for All’ 2002-2003TopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to make children play a role in road safetyPrimary school children. To raise awareness about road safety.. To make children learn about road safety by making them participatein a competition.DescriptionThis competition was created in 2000 by the firm Renault to make children become active in road safety. FromOctober 1 st 2002 to June 15 th 2003, Renault organised the third edition of the competition “Safety for All”. Eachclass from the participating countries presented a simple action to improve road safety around schools. In orderto present their actions, children had to write a short text and make an illustration. This competition wasorganised at a European level.Methodology – Requirements. It is necessary to involve numerous schools. A jury must select the projects. Organisation of a ceremony for the award ceremonyResults. The competition helped to point out the dangers around schools, and to raise children’s awareness about roadsafety.. 9 projects were awarded: a stay in Disneyland Paris was offered to the winning classes.. 65,000 children were involved in the competition.Assumption –Difficulties of the activityAs this competition involved several countries, it required a lot of organisation, but this activity can be done in asmaller scale (for instance in a city, together with several schools)ContactOrganisation Renault (private company)Address13-15, quai Gallo95513 Boulogne-Billancourt – FRANCETelephone +33 01 41 04 50 50Websitewww.safety-for-all.comE-mailsecurite.pour_tous@renault.com46

5. How to teach children lifesaving proceduresRaising children’s awareness about road safety is essential, but it is not enough if we really want to reduce therisks. Even if they follow the advice they are given they cannot be fully protected, firstly because a child’sperception of his/her environment remains limited even if he/she pays careful attention; and secondly becausefaulty behaviour on the part of car drivers does not depend on a child’s good will to act safely. The risk to befaced in the case of an accident is very real and cannot be denied, which is why we have to teach children howto react in emergencies.Because we are all vulnerable, every citizen, including children should be trained and encouraged to respond inaccordance with the health and emergency problems faced by their community. First aid information andtraining programmes, especially those targeting the most affected people, can make a significant impact:immediate lifesaving measures can contribute to reducing the severity of an injury and can improve the chancesof survival. First aid training is also a good vehicle through which to communicate preventive messages andthen strengthen behavioural change processes towards making citizens safer and healthier.Children can panic in the event of a road accident, which may lead them to endanger the victim when, in fact,they could help him/her and save his/her life. Teaching them lifesaving procedures would allow them to be selfconfidentin the case of an accident. First aid training allows them to understand that they could be a valuablesupport for the casualty. The earlier children are taught first aid, the more this becomes a daily routine and therepeated training at school provides them with a lot of knowledge. This knowledge allows them to reactappropriately and without panicking when seeking help.The Red Cross/Red Crescent, in particular, has developed first aid education for children over the last 30 yearsand has therefore a great deal of experience. In some countries, National Red Cross/Red Crescent Societieshave established programmes specifically for children in kindergartens and primary schools. Children can learnhow to call an ambulance, how to protect themselves, how to bandage a wound and how to comfort a casualty,even if they are only 6 or 7-year-olds. Children are never too young to learn first aid, but the training tools andmaterials have to be adapted to their age and conditions. Pedagogical tools like games and stories help childrento memorise these procedures. First aid competitions are held in some national societies, and many childrenenjoy these challenges, and are proud to show their first aid abilities.This chapter is dedicated to some good practices on how to integrate first aid into the lives of children, and howto make children aware of the need to help other humans in need.47

First aid information in schoolsTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children lifesaving proceduresChildren from 1 st to 3 rd level in primary schoolTo teach children the first immediate actions of first aid – call for help,check for unconsciousness and put the person in recovery position.DescriptionThe Red Cross first aid instructor starts by talking briefly to the children about the importance of living up to thegood advice given in the Road Safety campaign. The first 7 elements are presented in a dialog with thechildren. The contents of the 7 points are 1. Use a helmet; 2. Be visible in the dark; 3. Use the zebra crossing;4. Use the safety belt; 5. Don’t play in a parking area; 6. Look left and right when crossing the street; and 7. Callfor help. The 8 th element is about first aid. The children are told how to administer first aid if they witness anaccident. Afterwards, the children will have to demonstrate this by going through 6 different accident scenariosin which one of their friends is involved. The children are asked to demonstrate what they will do as a “firstaiders”in action. After the session, all the children will receive a reflector and the cartoon book (available on thewebsite of the Red Cross Road Safety campaign www.1-life.info).Methodology –Requirements. Contact the schools in the local area, where a guide is used to present the campaign and the first aid ideas.The principal of the school or the head teacher are the main contacts.. Prepare the sessions.Results. The children have learnt something about first aid and are not afraid to help next time they witness an accident.. They are very happy to have received a reflector as proof of their new skills and capabilities.Assumption – Difficulties of the activitySchools should be contacted early so that they are able to incorporate the first aid arrangements in the rightcontext, and to give the teachers time to prepare the children for the First aid day activities.ContactOrganisation Danish Red CrossContact person Sven HedegaardAddress Blegdamsvej 27Dk-2100 Copenhagen Ö – DENMARKTelephone +45 35 25 93 70Fax +45 35 25 93 60Websitewww.redcross.dkE-mailsvh@drk.dk48

First Aid CompetitionTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children life-saving procedures. Primary school children. AdultsTo teach life-saving procedures through a competition, and thereforethe active participation of children.DescriptionThis national competition was first organised in schools and then in public places. Each team has to go through5 sections: 3 focussed on first aid skills, 1 tested Red Cross knowledge, 1 consisted in writing a text or making adrawing about first aid. There are 2 or 3 judges for each section. The winner receives a prize, but eachparticipant is awarded a small gift. The final competition takes place in public places where anybody can watchand also attend first aid mini-courses. Accident simulations were also staged.Methodology – RequirementsCompetitions are first organised in schools and the winner of each school participates in the final competition.. Support of the public authorities, schools.. It is necessary to find a relevant place to set up the competition.. Mobilisation of volunteers (200), first aid instructors (8) and staff members (14).Results. Children show a great interest in first aid.. 373 children tested their first aid knowledge.. The general public was provided with informationAssumption – Difficulties of the activityIt is a long process, since organising this activity requires the involvement of many people.ContactOrganisation Lithuanian Red CrossContact person Nijole CiutieneAddressGedimino Ave 3a2600 Vilnius – LITHUANIATelephone +370 5 262 80 37Fax +370 5 262 80 37E-mailinternational@redcross.lt49

Awareness sessions on road safety and first aidTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children lifesaving procedures. Children from elementary schools. TeachersTo make children and teachers aware of the importance of preventativebehaviour in order to reduce road accidentsDescriptionProgramme of the sessions:1. Call for help: how to correctly make an emergency call, dissemination of the ‘112’(European emergency call number)2. Learn first aid:. how to stop bleeding. wounds. recovery position3. Discussion between instructors and children, in particular about aspects related to safe behaviour.4. Distribution of toolsMethodology – Requirements. Sessions given in schools, 1 hour duration, maximum group of 30 children.. Distribution of tools (from the Red Cross Road Safety campaign)Results. Participation of numerous children and teachers.. Children and teachers are aware of traffic dangers and their consequences.. Children know more about first aid.Assumption – Difficulties of the activityIt can be difficult:. To keep children attentive to the messages transmitted, since the sessions are made for large groups.. To motivate teachers and parents to keep up with teaching preventative behaviour.ContactOrganisation Portuguese Red CrossContact person Maria HortaAddress Jardim 9 de Abril, nºs 1 a 51249-083 Lisbon – PORTUGALTelephone +351213931551Fax +351213953064E-maildes@cruzvermelha.org.pt50

‘This summer, I tan useful’TopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children lifesaving proceduresGeneral public, but especially children. To teach lifesaving procedures. To raise awareness about road safetyDescriptionA beach tour is organised during summer. The idea is to go where people are and where they have time.On beaches, Red Cross first aid instructors have a space dedicated to first aid initiation. These short courseslast around 45 minutes. People can learn how to protect a victim, to call for help, to place the victim in therecovery position, to perform cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (young children do not learn this last item).Lessons on road safety are given during the sessions. After attending the course, each participant receives adiploma, small gifts and brochures about first aid and road safety. At the end of the day a tombola is organised.Methodology – Requirements. Mobilisation of many volunteers.. Co-operation with municipalities and the police.. Material: a caravan, equipment (mannequins, documents, stand…).. Support of partners.Results. Children showed great enthusiasm.. People described the operation as very useful and interesting. Some of them plan to take the European FirstAid Certificate.. Good results, because people are physically and mentally ‘available’ (as they are on holiday).in France in 2002:*10,000 people were informed about road safety and first aid, and 2,000 people followed a first aid initiation:70% were children and young people from 5 to 19 years old, more than one fifth were under 9 years old.In Belgium in 2003:* 5,845 participants for the ‘search game’ (consisting of questions to which children have to find the answers),379 persons followed a first aid course, and 918 people donated blood.Assumption – Difficulties of the activity. This operation is huge, therefore it needs time to organise but it can take place locally (without requiring a big tour).. The support of municipalities and partners is essential.ContactOrganisation French Red CrossContact person Diane IssardAddress1 place Henry Dunant75 008 Paris – FRANCETelephone +33 (0)1 44 43 11 00Fax +33 (0)1 44 43 12 37Websitewww.croix-rouge.frE-maildiane.issard@croix-rouge.frOrganisation Belgian Red Cross – Flemish sectionContact person Michel DumontAddress Vleurgatsesteenweg 981050 Brussels – BELGIUMTelephone +32 (0)2 645 44 61Fax +32 (0)2 646 04 41Websitewww.redcross.beE-mailpromotie@redcross-fl.be51

Helfi helps you to help (‘Helfi hilft Dir helfen’)TopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children lifesaving proceduresPrimary school children 7 - 8 years old.To teach the basics of first aid and accident prevention in connectionwith road safety to young children.DescriptionThis tool in 8 units was developed by the Austrian Youth Red Cross to give children their first contact with firstaid. Besides the first aid training, this programme is dedicated to prevention (examples: how to safely use askateboard, where not to ride, etc…) and also how to call the emergency services.Methodology –RequirementsThe multipliers for this knowledge are the primary school teachers, who can use a large range of pedagogicaltools (games, pictures, stories...) and medical background information.The children receive a booklet, too – depending on their age group, mainly using pictures, drawings and simpletexts and, at the end of this programme, they receive a “certificate”.Due to the fact that this programme has now been in use in Austrian schools for 20 years, these booklets areapproved as official school books for Austrian primary schools.ResultsThis programme teaches the first ideas of first aid and accident prevention to approximately 60 000 childrenevery year.Assumption –Difficulties of the activityIt takes a lot of effort to update these materials, to adapt them to modern pedagogical principles and to gainapproval for use as school books – but almost all children of a specific age group connected with these ideas,and were encouraged to attend additional courses in future.ContactOrganisation Austrian Youth Red CrossContact person Belma HodzicAddress Wiedner Hauptstraße 32,A-1040 Vienna – AUSTRIATelephone +43 1 58 900 172Fax +43 1 58 900 179Websitewww.roteskreuz.atE-mailhodzic@redcross.or.at52

Learning first aid having funTopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children lifesaving proceduresChildren in primary schoolsTo teach children first aidDescriptionIn schools and in classes consisting of 3 groups with 5 pupils each. Two groups compete and the third groupevaluates.Two accidents featuring injured persons are shown to children: discussions are organised on what happened,how the injury could have been avoided.Then, the instructor explains what should have been done for the victims.Finally, the children receive tools edited during the second Red Cross road safety campaign.Methodology –Requirements. A manual was prepared for the instructors. It is necessary to have the full participation of schools and teachers.Results. Children learnt actively about first aid and enjoyed it very much. 600 schools participated on World First Aid DayAssumption –Difficulties of the activity. It is essential to have volunteers well prepared for this kind of project with children, which is different fromwhat they are accustomed to.ContactOrganisation Slovenian Red CrossContact person Ciril KlajnscekAddress Mirje 19Ljubljana – SLOVENIATelephone +386 (1) 241 43 00Fax +386 (1) 241 43 44E-mailciril.klajnscek@rks.si53

‘First five minutes’ (Video)TopicTarget group(s)Objective(s)How to teach children lifesaving proceduresYoung school children from 6 to 11 years old.To make children able to act in the event of an accidentDescriptionThe video (divided into two thirty-minute parts) is an educational tool for school children. It describes some lifethreateningsituations, the sequence of priorities for administering first aid, how to deal with emergencies, howto look after oneself, the steps in providing first aid and how to treat casualties.The video includes road accident simulations, accidents, reports, public inquiries and talks with manyexplanations. The actors are children (obtain permission from parents), doctors, moderators, Tina, Tag, andTurbo (the characters used in the Red Cross Road Safety campaign).This tool can be used during school classes. It can also be used at other occasions: special events, shows,special groups such as mothers with children, scouts…ContactOrganisation Slovak Red CrossContact person Emilia PavleovaAddress Grösslingova 24814 46 Bratislava 1 – SLOVAKIATelephone +421 2 5296 64 75Fax +421 2 52 96 64 75E-mailzdravie@redcross.skOrganisation Slovak Red Cross local branchContact person Lucia Cangarova and Beata BodnarovaAddress Komenského 19040 13 Kosice – SLOVAKIATelephone +421 55 6224 868Fax: +421 55 6222 205E-mailsus.kosicemesto@redcross.sk54

Footnotes:1Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.2European Commission, General Direction Energy and Transports, 2003 – CARE Database3The International Conference is the supreme advisory body for the International Red Cross and Red Crescentmovement. It generally meets every four years. The members of the international conference participate in itsdeliberations. They are: the International Committee of the Red Cross, the International Federation of Red Crossand Red Crescent Societies, the recognized Red Cross and Red Crescent societies (181 in November 2003) andthe States party to the Geneva Conventions (191 in December 2003).4The Netherlands Red Cross did not join this campaign.5European Commission, General Direction Energy and Transports, 2003 – CARE Database6European Commission, General Direction Energy and Transports, 2003 – CARE Database55

The Red Cross / EU Office would like to thank all contributors to thisGuide, in particular the 26 National Red Cross Societies of theEuropean Red Cross Road Safety Campaign in:Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom for theircommitment to this project.For further contact details about the National Red Cross Societies,please visit: www.ifrc.org/address/directory.aspFor more information about the campaignand this publication, please contact:Red Cross / EU OfficeRue Belliard 651040 Brussels – BelgiumTel: +32 2 235 06 80Email: infoboard@redcross-eu.netWebsite: www.redcross-eu.net56