What is NAND Flash Memory? - Data I/O Corporation
What is NAND Flash Memory? - Data I/O Corporation
What is NAND Flash Memory? - Data I/O Corporation
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<strong>What</strong> <strong>is</strong> <strong>NAND</strong> <strong>Flash</strong> <strong>Memory</strong>?March ‘03File <strong>Memory</strong> Marketing & Promotion Department<strong>Memory</strong> Div<strong>is</strong>ionTOSHIBA Semiconductor CompanyCopyright © 2003 Toshiba <strong>Corporation</strong>. All rights reserved.
<strong>NAND</strong> <strong>Flash</strong> <strong>Memory</strong> Concept• Suitable for file storage- File memory architecture- Page programming (512 bytes/page)• High performance- High speed programming and erasing• Low cost- Small chip size based on <strong>NAND</strong> Structure- Small pin count• Easy memory expansion- Simple interface by command controlCLE/CE/WESystem BusI/O1 - I/O8/CE/RE/WER/BYCLEALE/WP<strong>NAND</strong><strong>Flash</strong>ALEI/O 1-8 CMD Add Add AddCommandInputAddress Input
<strong>NAND</strong> vs. NOR - Cell Structure<strong>NAND</strong>Word lineNORBit lineContactWord lineCellArrayUnit CellUnit CellLayoutSource line2F2FSource line5F2FCrosssectionCell size4F 210F 2
<strong>NAND</strong> / NOR Character<strong>is</strong>ticsCapacityPower SupplyI/OAccess TimeProgramSpeed (typ.)EraseSpeed(typ.)Prog+Erase(typ.)<strong>NAND</strong>~ 1Gbit (2chips/pkg)2.7-3.6Vx850ns(serial access cycle)25µs(random access)200µs/512Byte2ms/Block (16KB)33.6ms / 64KBNOR~ 128Mbit2.3-3.6Vx8/x1670ns(30pF, 2.3V)65ns(30pF, 2.7V)8µs/Byte4.1ms/512Byte700ms/Block1.23s/Block (main:64KB)
<strong>NAND</strong> <strong>Flash</strong> <strong>Memory</strong> Block Diagramex.256Mb <strong>NAND</strong> <strong>Flash</strong> <strong>Memory</strong>8bit(512+16Byte)Reg<strong>is</strong>terSG (D)Bit LineBasic unitWL1WL2PageCell Array512Byte16Byte32page/BlockRedundant CellArrayWL3WL4(WL30)(WL31)(WL32)SG (S)~~256Mb <strong>NAND</strong> <strong>Flash</strong>Page Size : 512+16 BytesBlock Size : 16KBytes# of Blocks : 2048 Blocks
<strong>NAND</strong> <strong>Flash</strong> <strong>Memory</strong> Basic Function (1)Read1page ReadReg<strong>is</strong>terHigh SpeedSerial Read< Timing Chart>CElowALECLEWEREI/O1~8Command00H Col Row1 Row2DN DN+1 D527R/BAddressNAddress AddressWait(tR) <strong>Data</strong>-Out <strong>Data</strong>-Out <strong>Data</strong>-Out(ex. 256Mb <strong>NAND</strong> <strong>Flash</strong> <strong>Memory</strong>)
<strong>NAND</strong> <strong>Flash</strong> <strong>Memory</strong> Basic Function (2)Program<strong>Data</strong> InputReg<strong>is</strong>terPage1pageProgramBlock< Timing Chart >CElowALECLEWEREhighCommandCommandI/O1~880H Col Row1 Row2D0 D1 D527 10HWait(tPROG)R/BAddress Address Address<strong>Data</strong>-In <strong>Data</strong>-In <strong>Data</strong>-In(ex. 256Mb <strong>NAND</strong> <strong>Flash</strong> <strong>Memory</strong>)
<strong>NAND</strong> <strong>Flash</strong> <strong>Memory</strong> Basic Function (3)EraseReg<strong>is</strong>terBlock Erase(32page)< Timing Chart >CElowALECLEWEREhighCommandCommandI/O1~860H Row1 Row2D0HWait(tERASE)R/BAddressAddress(ex. 256Mb <strong>NAND</strong> <strong>Flash</strong> <strong>Memory</strong>)
<strong>NAND</strong> <strong>Flash</strong> Control in System< Required Items >1. <strong>NAND</strong> <strong>Flash</strong> File Management- Bad Block Management- Wear Leveling Treatment2. ECC Support- 1 bit/page error correctionand 2bit/page error detection*** ECC : Error Correction Code* * : 2LC <strong>NAND</strong> <strong>Flash</strong> 1bit/page ECC
Invalid block detection at IncomingNumber of valid blocks at shippingType.Min. Max.StartTC58V6410141024Block No = 1TC581281004 1024Read CheckFailTC58256 2008 2048TC58512 4016 4096Block No. = BlockNo. + 1PassBad Block *1TH58100 8032 8192NoBlock No. = Last BlockInvalid blocks have to be detected bybad block test flow before erasing.• Invalid block : include “0” data. Th<strong>is</strong> “0”data may be lost by erasing.• Valid block : has only “1” data.EndYes< Read Check >Read the 1st page of each block. If byte 517 ofthe 1st page <strong>is</strong> not FF (Hex), define the block asa bad block. The 1st block in the device <strong>is</strong>guaranteed to be good at time of shipment.*1 : No erase operation <strong>is</strong> allowed to bad blocks
<strong>NAND</strong> <strong>Flash</strong> <strong>Memory</strong> Basic Specification0.16umTC58V64BFTTC58128AFTTC58256AFTTC58512FTTH58100FT64Mb 128Mb 256Mb 512Mb 1GbDensity(8M+256K)x8(16M+512K)x8(32M+1M)x8(64M+2M)x8(128M+4M)x8Operation voltage2.7V-3.6V← ← ←←Page size ( program unit )512B+16B← ← ←←Block size ( erase unit )8KB+256B16KB+512B←←←Number of Pages per Block1632←←←Number of Blocks1024 1024 2048 40968192Number of Address cycle3←←4←Random access time ( us )Serial access time ( ns )Package400mil / 0.8mmTSOP type II25us (max.)50ns (min.)TSOP I 48-P-1220-0.50
2 Type Read FunctionType 1 (TSOP Package)/CE/WE/RESequential Read(00H)0A527R/BMNBusy<strong>Data</strong> OutputI/O00HStart-address inputSequential Read (1)Sequential ReadType 2 (BGA/MCP Package)/CE/CE don’t careNo Sequential ReadM527/WE/RER/BMNBusy<strong>Data</strong> OutputSelectpageNCellarrayI/O00HStart-address inputFigure 3. Read mode (1)operationNext Add. Input
TSOP PackagePackage TypeTSOP-II 44-P-400-0.8TSOP-I 48-P-1220-0.50Top ViewV SS1CLE2ALE3WE 4WP 5I/O 1 18I/O 2 19I/O 3 20I/O 4 21V SS22( W )44434241402726252423V CCCERER/BOPI/O 8I/O 7I/O 6I/O 5V CC( L )NCNCNCNCNCOPR/BRECENCNCVccVssNCNCCLEALEWEWPNCNCNCNCNC123456789101112131415161718192021222324( W )484746454442424140393837363534333231302928272625NCNCNCNCI/O8I/O7I/O6I/O5NCNCNCVcc ( L )VssNCNCNCI/O4I/O3I/O2I/O1NCNCNCNCPackagedimensions&Closesection View&<strong>Memory</strong> P/NSingleStacked18.41(L) x 11.76(W) x 1.2 (max) mm64Mbit : TC58V64BFT12.0(L) x 20.0(W) x 1.2 (max) mm128Mbit : TC58128AFT256Mbit : TC58256AFT512Mbit : TC58512FT12.0(L) x 20.0(W) x 1.2 (max) mm1Gbit : TH58100FT
CSP Outline Drawing256M/128M <strong>NAND</strong> <strong>Flash</strong> CSPPackage SizeDesign rule0.16um 0.13um256M : 9mm X 11mm 7mm X 10mm128M : 7mm X 10mm 7mm X 10mm( 7x10 : no dummy ball )Top View1.60.8Bottom View111.60.85.694.0: Contact Balls1.2max: Index Mark Ball0.47 typ.: Dummy Balls
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