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Chapter 1. The azobenzene molecules: photochromic materials and photodeformationeffects 18[8] C Hubert, C Fiorini-Debuisschert, I Maurin, JM Nunzi, and P Raimond. Spontaneouspatterning of hexagonal structures in an azo-polymer using light-controlledmass transport. Advanced Materials, 14(10):729, 2002. ISSN 0935-9648.[9] T. Ikeda, M. Nakano, Y. L. Yu, O. Tsutsumi, and A. Kanazawa. Anisotropic bendingand unbending behavior of azobenzene liquid-crystalline gels by light exposure.Advanced Materials, 15(3):201, February 2003.[10] Ke Yang, Suizhou Yang, Xiaogong Wang, and Jayant Kumar. Enhancing the inscriptionrate of surface relief gratings with an incoherent assisting light beam.Applied Physics Letters, 84(22):4517–4519, 2004. doi: 10.1063/1.1757643. URLhttp://link.aip.org/link/?APL/84/4517/1.pastel-00527388, version 1 - 19 Oct 2010[11] P. Karageorgiev, D. Neher, B. Schulz, B. Stiller, U. Pietsch, M. Giersig, andL. Brehmer. From anisotropic photo-fluidity towards nanomanipulation in the opticalnear-field. Nature Materials, 4(9):699–703, 2005.[12] Yann Gilbert, Renaud Bachelot, Alexandre Vial, Gilles Lerondel, Pascal Royer,Alexandre Bouhelier, and Gary Wiederrecht. Photoresponsive polymers for topographicsimulation of the optical near-field of a nanometer sized gold tip in ahighly focused laser beam. Opt. Express, 13(10):3619–3624, 2005. URL http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-13-10-3619.[13] T Muraoka, K Kinbara, and T Aida. Mechanical twisting of a guest by aphotoresponsive host. Nature, 440(7083):512–515, 2006. ISSN 0028-0836. doi:10.1038/nature04635.[14] Sarah Angelos, Eunshil Choi, Fritz Vogtle, Luisa De Cola, and Jeffrey I. Zink.Photo-driven expulsion of molecules from mesostructured silica nanoparticles. TheJournal of Physical Chemistry C, 111(18):6589–6592, May 2007. ISSN 1932-7447.URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp070721l.[15] Leonid M. Goldenberg, Yuri Gritsai, Olga Kulikovska, and Joachim Stumpe.Three-dimensional planarized diffraction structures based on surface relief gratingsin azobenzene materials. Opt. Lett., 33(12):1309–1311, 2008. URL http://ol.osa.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-33-12-1309.[16] D. Garrot, Y. Lassailly, K. Lahlil, J. P. Boilot, and J. Peretti. Real-time near-fieldimaging of photoinduced matter motion in thin solid films containing azobenzenederivatives. Applied Physics Letters, 94(3):033303, 2009. doi: 10.1063/1.3073742.URL http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/94/033303/1.
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Page 1 and 2: Thèse de doctorat de l’Ecole Pol
Page 3 and 4: AcknowledgementsAt the beginning it
Page 5 and 6: vpastel-00527388, version 1 - 19 Oc
Page 7: ContentsAbstractiAcknowledgementsii
Page 10 and 11: List of Figures1.1 The trans/cis ph
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Page 18 and 19: Introduction 2In this work, we stud
Page 20 and 21: Bibliography[1] A. Natansohn, P. Ro
Page 22 and 23: Introduction 6azobenzene-containing
Page 24 and 25: "##$%&'()')*#'+(%,-.(/#'011'2'"(%)(
Page 26 and 27: Chapter 1. The azobenzene molecules
Page 40 and 41: Chapter 2. Experimental setup and s
Page 66 and 67: pmma-dr1Chapter 2. Experimental set
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Page 72 and 73: Chapter 3. Microscopic mechanisms a
Page 78 and 79: dose (mJ!mm )(a)dose (mJ!mm )(b)dos
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Chapter 3. Microscopic mechanisms a
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TOPOGRAPHYgratamplxxphotoexpansion
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pmmaChapter 3. Microscopic mechanis
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Chapter 4. Photomechanical response
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sg+goldChapter 4. Photomechanical r
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P-250s-4VChapter 4. Photomechanical
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P-250s-4VChapter 4. Photomechanical
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Chapter 5Nanostructured hybrid syst
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Chapter 5. Nanostructured hybrid sy
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Bibliography[1] A. Natansohn, P. Ro
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Conclusionspastel-00527388, version
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Bibliography[1] Chi-Ming Che et Al.
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Appendix A 156⎛ ⎞ ⎛n g sinθ
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Appendix A 158hence for each compon
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Appendix BPhotoisomerization dynami
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Appendix B 162( 1Since λ 2 = −(
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Appendix C 164L = 5000 nmu = 1 nmL!
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Appendix D 166n. light power densit
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Bibliography[1] A. Natansohn, P. Ro
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Bibliography 170azobenzene-containi
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Bibliography 172as estimated from a
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Bibliography 174[53] C. Barrett, A.
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