DÃ©formation photoinduite dans les films minces contenant des ...

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iiAbstractpastel-00527388, version 1 - 19 Oct 2010In this work we use direct local-probe techniques to study the photomechanical phenomenainduced at micro-nanoscale in photochromic thin films containing azobenzenemolecules. We show the existence of different mechanisms at the origin of the photoinduceddeformation and their crucial dependence on the spatial distribution of thelight field polarization and intensity, which allows to coherently interpret far-field andnear-field photodeformation phenomena so far observed. Moreover, we investigate thenear-field deformation effects due to the interaction between the local probe and thesample surface. Finally, we present preliminary studies of the photomechanical effectsin layered hybrid metal/azo-polymer structures which open perspectives in view of applicationsin the fields of nano-fabrication and nano-actuation of thin films and surfaces.
AcknowledgementsAt the beginning it was like surgery by a mammoth. I had to spend these long days withall the circuitry wide open and the wrong voltages going up and down with no possiblechance on earth of getting a reasonable signal. Every manipulation fixed one thing andruined two, with unpredictable consequences. . . while that noise was killing me. It hadbeen changing over and over, as the tiny little bug ran through the corridor or the skyswitched from grey to dark-grey. Impossible to tell what exactly was going on, were weheading somewhere? If only the guy could read that oscilloscope more swiftly. Or justmake a new tip for the microscope. . . Frankly, I had some kind of mistrust.pastel-00527388, version 1 - 19 Oct 2010So far, everybody had been extremely professional with me. I had been kept fullyfunctional by The Two Red-shifted Researchers, very fine people. I had even received anew brain by a funny, Questioning Man, who, by the way, has a deep baritone voice, I’dlove to play music with him sometimes, but he is always too busy fixing stuff... Well,I felt so fit that I decided to reward them with some nice results on those tiny coloredglasses of theirs. . .But now, this new guy was really pushing my buttons . . . and turning my knobs inevery sense, trying to make me work with the wrong set-point and a broken tip! It waspainful. I wonder how the Illustre Chief could do this to me, and accept this guy inthe lab. I heard that he was sent by a Stylish Monk from Rome, who is very wise andknowledgeable. That was my only hope. But, I confess, I spent long nights prayingthat the young guy would rather remain at home with that Quebecoise Girl I met a fewtimes (who really didn’t like me) instead of coming to the lab.To my great horror, he actually started coming more often. But something was changing.He was acting more and more carefully, similarly to The Two Red-shifted Researcherswho had made me so happy before. I caught him listening to them while they wereexplaining him things and every time he was not blinding my photo-multiplicator, Iwatched him trying to calibrate me, with his notes, schemes and plots. . . uhm. . . Thenthe young guy started visiting me together with other people. At the beginning I recognizedone of my parents, the Great Mechanic. He was asked to perform some surgery onme, in order to upgrade a couple of components. I trusted that experienced crafstman;I only hoped that the young guy had the scheme drawn right! Sometimes, there wasalso The Engineer Swat Team giving me some boost or buzz, extremely pleasant, orthe Questioning Man wanting to fix some neurons of mine. Lately, I met the GreatMechanic II, who helped me with my last upgrades. A happy man, he doesn’t know butI can hear him laughing from his office. . . Thanks also to those Exquisite Ladies, thathelped so efficiently the guy to work out the papers and the orders I’m going to be aiii
Page 1: Thèse de doctorat de l’Ecole Pol
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Page 7: ContentsAbstractiAcknowledgementsii
Page 10 and 11: List of Figures1.1 The trans/cis ph
Page 12 and 13: List of Figuresxiipastel-00527388,
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Page 18 and 19: Introduction 2In this work, we stud
Page 20 and 21: Bibliography[1] A. Natansohn, P. Ro
Page 22 and 23: Introduction 6azobenzene-containing
Page 24 and 25: "##$%&'()')*#'+(%,-.(/#'011'2'"(%)(
Page 26 and 27: Chapter 1. The azobenzene molecules
Page 40 and 41: Chapter 2. Experimental setup and s
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Chapter 2. Experimental setup and s
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pmma-dr1Chapter 2. Experimental set
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Chapter 3pastel-00527388, version 1
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Chapter 3. Microscopic mechanisms a
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dose (mJ!mm )(a)dose (mJ!mm )(b)dos
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TOPOGRAPHYgratamplxxphotoexpansion
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pmmaChapter 3. Microscopic mechanis
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Chapter 4. Photomechanical response
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sg+goldChapter 4. Photomechanical r
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P-250s-4VChapter 4. Photomechanical
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P-250s-4VChapter 4. Photomechanical
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Chapter 5Nanostructured hybrid syst
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Chapter 5. Nanostructured hybrid sy
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Bibliography[1] A. Natansohn, P. Ro
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Conclusionspastel-00527388, version
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Bibliography[1] Chi-Ming Che et Al.
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Appendix A 156⎛ ⎞ ⎛n g sinθ
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Appendix A 158hence for each compon
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Appendix BPhotoisomerization dynami
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Appendix B 162( 1Since λ 2 = −(
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Appendix C 164L = 5000 nmu = 1 nmL!
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Appendix D 166n. light power densit
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Bibliography[1] A. Natansohn, P. Ro
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Bibliography 170azobenzene-containi
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Bibliography 172as estimated from a
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Bibliography 174[53] C. Barrett, A.
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