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1:;<>.<)SOCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL CONDITIONS 485seems justified to say that the present Chinese industrialsystem makes for broken homes on tiie part of the hiredworkers.It will be noticed that in the shoemaker s family theoldest boy ISM loafer or man of leisure, while the next twoarc students and the last is an apprentice in the shop. Theonly boy of: the silversmith is a student; while the only boyof the farm labourer must work. It would be interesting toiind out what wage for the father is necessary before theywill sacrifice to put him in school and the reason why theschooling expense is incurred.Cr^ ct f F dos ( ^ ?f ot-i bulks large in all thecosts of living as given above, as will be seenfrom the following percentages:11.7s.:-;Odds and ends <>.14..! I. !.-! ... 1S.SSince there are some items missing in case of all exceptthe family of the silversmith, there can, unfortunately, beno comparison between the different families. However,there is the indication at least that food makes up for nearlyhalf the expense of the ordinary family.The interest shown by the average Chinese in the costof rice is easily understood from the following table:XlKH iiu.ikcr tiilivi xmitli. (Jrrnull iil/ic.i II >//// Cool it-1,44S cash J ,24 S cash45.0 41.* The food eaten by the coolie in the foreign family \v,on the street and includes the cost of preparation.