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. ~iNDtfSTltlAL EDUCATION IN MISSION SCHOOLS 281Sailor, said in his receiit visit to the East that ho had seenbut one self-help industrial department in a mission schoolwhich was wholly self-supporting. Of course, money returnsare only a fraction of the larger returns sought, but theyare vital. A few missionary educators are so convinced ofthe necessity of a student s doing something, that eventhough the department is an actual cost to the school, theyjustify the expense on the ground that all educational idealsare being fructified by the incorporation of such a department. In Mr. Winter s self-help department where the boyswork four hours a day, they make 85% of their livingexpenses. In the i ingtu Christian Institute a boy earnsone-half of his living after the first year, all after the third."During the entire course of five years; the shop boys payless than one years board; and last year we made profitsenough to pay one teacher after paying the salary of eachheadman." This seems about ideal but is by no means atypical example, though it shows what is being done.4. Have you a skilled worker in charge /Success does not seem to depend on havingStrict. .Oversight ,sucn a worker.NecessaryPerhaps in the schools wherethere is not such a head, the foreigner incharge comes very near to being a skilled worker. Onewrites, had live years in a nursery before coming out"IAnother is an architect, and still others have given closestudy to vocational problems in the home laud. Whetherthere is a skilled worker or not, the strictest supervision isnecessary to insure progress on the part of the learner andeconomy in the work.r. In your self-help department are your ywpilx who areIgiving part of their time to thin work looked down upon in anyway by the rest of the student bod}/?In no instance, does any one report thatStanding of J0ys or giris arc iookecl down upon becauseStudent they labour. Many of the wealthier pupilsapply to be allowed to do some form ofmanual work, which appeals to any normal youth. BoysA 35