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266 GENERAL AND RELIGIOUS EDUCATIONSome one in the Ministry of Educationgbrought forward the suggestion that in orderto ^eeP teachers from seeking other positionsthey should be given official recognition andrank, assurance of employment, adequate salary, statedpromotion and pension. The Minister of Education favoursthe suggestion, and probably something will be done toimprove the conditions and standing of the teaching profession. The Minister of Education also obtained thesanction of the President to institute a system of rewardingthe administrators of schools who do well and punishingthose who fail. Those who organize five new schools andthose whose record is excellent are to be rewarded withThose managers whose schoolstitles and increase of salary.decrease in number and efficiency are to have a decrease ofsalary or dismissal.The Minister of Education decided thatTeachingprimary and secondary schools should devotethe ClassicsJf, ,, ,r , <two hours a week to the study 01 the Confucian classics. The books of Mencius are to be studied inthe primary schools, and the sayings of Confucius in thesecondary schools Ḃecause the masses of the country areilliterate and most of the children of the landarc not in school, the Government is takingstepsto send itinerant lecturers to districts where there are110 schools, to teach the uneducated people the rudiments oflearning. In addition to the itinerant lecturer or teacher,each district is to appoint some one from the gentry toco-operate with the itinerant teacher and to carry on theA\ ork during the the latter 7 s absence. Their supportis to bederived from the funds formerly set aside for maintainingthe lecture bureaus.Plans are now under way for opening auniversity in the Three Eastern Provinces,one in Szechwan and another one in Honan.The Government has set aside a sum of money for establishing a national medical college in Peking for the training ofChinese physicians, so as to develop the Chinese medicalservices. In order to develop native industry, the Minister

PRESENT STATUS OF GOVERNMENT EDUCATION 267of Agriculture and Commerce has proposed to the StateDepartment that a 1mining college should be opened in theThree Eastern Provinces, an agricultural and a forestrycollege in Peking, a fishery school in Hupeh, and anengineering college in Shanghai. Working in conjunctionwith the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce, theMinistry of Education recently sent despatches to theprovinces, requesting the officials to set aside some publiclands for use of forestry. When such lands are secured,instructions are to be issued to the schools to observe anarbour day. The Minister of Education sent orders to thespecial (industrial, technical, commercial, etc.) schools ofthe whole country to send samples of their work to Pekingfor an exhibit. Under orders from the Minister ofEducation, the Society for the Investigation of Educationin Inner and Outer Mongolia has decided to open a normalschool at Kalgan and primary schools in the districts, toreserve public lands in each district for education, to askthe Chamber of Commerce of Kalgan to open commercialschools, to send men speaking the Chinese and Mongolianlanguages to go from place to place to encourage education,to issue textbooks in Chinese and Mongolian, and to ask theCommercial Press to open a branch office in Kalgan, withagencies at Jehol and Suiyuan.Thus we see that education is makingnoticeable progress in this country. A comparison of the two sets of figures given understatistics shows an increase of one-sixth in the number ofschools and students, also in the amount of money spent foreducation in favour of the latest figures. If we compare theselatest figures with those for the tirst year of Hsuan Tung,we find that the number of schools and students has beendoubled in five years, while the amount of school expenditurehas decreased by seven per cent. The progress is notphenomenal, but is a steady growth. The work of theCommercial Press may be taken as an index of the educational condition of the country. The past year was a busyone for this company, so much so that nearly all itsdepartments had to do night work. It is to be hoped thatthe schools will not be affected by the present civil strife.

266 GENERAL AND RELIGIOUS EDUCATIONSome one in the Ministry of Educationgbrought forward the suggestion that in orderto ^eeP teachers from seeking other positionsthey should be given official recognition andrank, assurance of employment, adequate salary, statedpromotion and pension. The Minister of Education favoursthe suggestion, and probably something will be done toimprove the conditions and standing of the teaching profession. The Minister of Education also obtained thesanction of the President to institute a system of rewardingthe administrators of schools who do well and punishingthose who fail. Those who organize five new schools andthose whose record is excellent are to be rewarded withThose managers whose schoolstitles and increase of salary.decrease in number and efficiency are to have a decrease ofsalary or dismissal.The Minister of Education decided thatTeachingprimary and secondary schools should devotethe ClassicsJf, ,, ,r , <two hours a week to the study 01 the Confucian classics. The books of Mencius are to be studied inthe primary schools, and the sayings of Confucius in thesecondary schools Ḃecause the masses of the country areilliterate and most of the children of the landarc not in school, the Government is takingstepsto send itinerant lecturers to districts where there are110 schools, to teach the uneducated people the rudiments oflearning. In addition to the itinerant lecturer or teacher,each district is to appoint some one from the gentry toco-operate with the itinerant teacher and to carry on theA\ ork during the the latter 7 s absence. Their supportis to bederived from the funds formerly set aside for maintainingthe lecture bureaus.Plans are now under way for opening auniversity in the Three Eastern Provinces,one in Szechwan and another one in Honan.The Government has set aside a sum of money for establishing a national medical college in Peking for the training ofChinese physicians, so as to develop the Chinese medicalservices. In order to develop native industry, the Minister

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