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(iOVKRNMENT SCHOOLS. 45their time in leaching some foreign language, and thatthey were never able, during their whole term of service,to teach the subjects for which they were engaged. Itwill be readily seen that, in such instances, the failureto renew the contracts of such professors indicated anincreasing appreciation of school requirements on thepart of those in charge of their administration. Falseappearances could be abandoned, and schools whichwere really of elementary grade but had professors ofuniversity standing could content themselves withoutforeign instructors. It is doubtless the case that atpresent many schools which have been gradually attaining a higher rank should be strengthened by theemployment of foreign teachers. Foreigners could alsobe employed with great advantage as instructors inforeign languages in almost every school where the\ T aretaught. A fuller understanding of the educational needson the part of those in authority is sure to reveal the factthat it will be necessary to employ many foreigners inthe development of education in China and in theformation of a teaching profession.Allusion has been made to the discovery chat manyschools which were started as schools of higher learningwere in reality only elementary in their grade. This,together with the recognition of the fact that it wasimpossible to introduce the new education from the top,caused the Government to divert its energies from theexisting advanced schools to the founding of largenumbers of elementary schools. The Governmentpolicy, since the establishment of the Board of Education,has been the encouragement of elementary rather thanadvanced schools. L,ocal officials and gentry have everywhere been encouraged to start small schools, in unpretentious buildings, and without the need of large sums ofmoney. As recently as May 15, 1909, an Imperial Edictwas issued, in reply to a Memorial from the Ministn* ofEducation, providing revised Regulations for PrimarySchools, with the object of securing the diffusion of