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27^ CHINA MISSION YEAR BOOK.Womens Work in General In the North.While the educational work can be tabulated withsome degree of accuracy, the general work for women isso varied in method and much of trie very best sopersonal and non-consecutive that very few figures canbe given and a general review presents peculiar difficulties.It may, however, be divided into several departments,which, although related to each other and generallycarried on together, have each distinct features. Ofthese the main ones may be called medical, educational, evangelistic, and social. Of the first and secondspecial reports will be made elsewhere. Here they willbe mentioned in their relation to the evangelistic andsocial only.From what has been gathered from replies to questions to various missions itappears that the greatestchange in the three years under review has been in theincreased opportunities in the social department in someof the large centres, while the other three have advancedin the grade of work attempted and accomplished and inthe increasing ability of the Chinese women themselvesto carry them forward. If one looks at the presentconditions in cities like Tsinanfu, Paotingfu, and Peking,the contrast to these of even three years ago is moststriking, but if one observes the larger field, the almostcountless small cities and villages, much the old state ofthings prevails. Yet it is so much that anywhere,especially that in the capitals, from which influencespreads more rapidly than from those cities to whichfewer officials come and go, there is real interest inlarger things than of old that the outlook is one ofIn hope.Peking there is not only widespread demand for theeducation of the young, but eager craving on the part ofmany of mature years for such knowledge as was deniedthem in their youth. The women who appear upon thestreets much more fieely than of old are not merelyfrom the lower classes, but also from those of position

WOMAN S WORK IN GKNKRAL. 279and refinement. Instead of riding in chairs or closelycurtained carts, they enjoy the glass enclosed broughams ;this is typical of much else. They are beginning to lookout. Among the things which they see is the type ofsocial intercourse and home life represented by theWesterners in their midst, and they are groping after anew life of their own. It is true that they often copyfirst the least desirable things, as in exchanging the softfolds of their graceful garments for the close cut whichemphasises the defects of their figures and the uncertaincarriage resulting from their bound feet, or the givingup of their dignified and attractive forms of salutationsfor a curt or stiff bow which seems to them Western.But it is much that they are ready to make any change,to seek that which is connected with another civilizationthan their own. They may make mistakes in theirselection, but they will learn by experience, as beginnersdo everywhere, and the openness to new impressionsgives such opportunity as has never been found beforefor approaching them with the best and most ennoblingideals which we have to offer.MEDICAL WORK.In many hospitals throughout the northern provinces disease has been treated both in dispensaries andin the homes of the people. This outpractice of missionary physicians has greatly increased, and is one of thevery important agencies in bringing about mutual understanding, mutual respect, and in not a few cases mutualaffection. The maternity wards of the hospitals aremuch more sought than formerly, not alone by the poorbut by those able and willing to give a fair return forthe service rendered, and the lady physicians are moreand more frequently called to give like aid in the homes.Almost the entire expense of one of the Peking hospitals is met by fees paid for outside practice, or forprivate patients, and the work for the destitute is not

27^ CHINA MISSION YEAR BOOK.Womens Work in General In the North.While the educational work can be tabulated withsome degree of accuracy, the general work for women isso varied in method and much of trie very best sopersonal and non-consecutive that very few figures canbe given and a general review presents peculiar difficulties.It may, however, be divided into several departments,which, although related to each other and generallycarried on together, have each distinct features. Ofthese the main ones may be called medical, educational, evangelistic, and social. Of the first and secondspecial reports will be made elsewhere. Here they willbe mentioned in their relation to the evangelistic andsocial only.From what has been gathered from replies to questions to various missions itappears that the greatestchange in the three years under review has been in theincreased opportunities in the social department in someof the large centres, while the other three have advancedin the grade of work attempted and accomplished and inthe increasing ability of the Chinese women themselvesto carry them forward. If one looks at the presentconditions in cities like Tsinanfu, Paotingfu, and Peking,the contrast to these of even three years ago is moststriking, but if one observes the larger field, the almostcountless small cities and villages, much the old state ofthings prevails. Yet it is so much that anywhere,especially that in the capitals, from which influencespreads more rapidly than from those cities to whichfewer officials come and go, there is real interest inlarger things than of old that the outlook is one ofIn hope.Peking there is not only widespread demand for theeducation of the young, but eager craving on the part ofmany of mature years for such knowledge as was deniedthem in their youth. The women who appear upon thestreets much more fieely than of old are not merelyfrom the lower classes, but also from those of position

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