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2 The (period) TFR is <strong>the</strong> sum of age-specific fertility rates at agiven time <strong>and</strong> can be <strong>in</strong>terpreted as <strong>the</strong> number of live births <strong>the</strong>average woman would bear dur<strong>in</strong>g her lifetime if she experienced<strong>the</strong> age-specific fertility rates observed at that time throughout herreproductive years.3 The policy also recognizes <strong>the</strong> importance of FP for atta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong>Millennium Development Goals: “The Government … recognizes<strong>the</strong> importance of reduc<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> country’s high population growthrate <strong>and</strong> of spac<strong>in</strong>g births as a means of reach<strong>in</strong>g its goals oferadicat<strong>in</strong>g poverty, reduc<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> country’s high levels of maternal<strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong>fant <strong>and</strong> child mortality, <strong>and</strong> improv<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> health of mo<strong>the</strong>rs<strong>and</strong> children <strong>in</strong> l<strong>in</strong>e with <strong>the</strong> goals <strong>and</strong> targets set out <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> UnitedNations Millennium Declaration” (MOH, 2004a: 8).4 The 2003 survey was fielded between May <strong>and</strong> August, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong>2009/10 survey between August <strong>and</strong> February; tak<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> midpo<strong>in</strong>tof each period, this suggests that <strong>the</strong> period between <strong>the</strong> 2surveys is actually 6 years <strong>and</strong> 4.5 months, respectively.5 Also, <strong>the</strong>re was no active promotion of FP dur<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> UnitedNations Transitional Adm<strong>in</strong>istration <strong>in</strong> East Timor.6 Similar baby-booms have often been observed after periods ofpolitical unrest <strong>and</strong> bloodshed. Some of <strong>the</strong> motivation is selfconsciouslyto “replace” some of those who have been killed. Forexample, see Desbarats (1995).7 In <strong>the</strong> 2003 survey those women (or <strong>the</strong>ir partners) who hadbeen sterilized are not listed as a separate category <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> relevanttable; thus, some women who say <strong>the</strong>y want no more children, forexample, could already be sterilized. However, <strong>the</strong> percentage ofpeople sterilized <strong>in</strong> Timor-Leste is so small that this will not affect<strong>the</strong> overall percentage distribution significantly.8 Except for one cl<strong>in</strong>ic of its own <strong>in</strong> Dili, Marie Stopes <strong>International</strong>provides services <strong>in</strong> close collaboration with <strong>the</strong> M<strong>in</strong>istry of Health,work<strong>in</strong>g through <strong>the</strong> government’s own Community HealthCentres <strong>and</strong> Health Posts.__________ (2004b). National Reproductive HealthStrategy 2004-2015. Dili: MOH.__________ <strong>and</strong> National Statistics Directorate et al.(2003). Timor-Leste Demographic <strong>and</strong> Health Survey 2003,Newcastle, Australia: University of Newcastle.Mosquera, Mario, Rafael Obregon, Lawrence Wood,Marianne Viatour <strong>and</strong> Andrew Carlson (2009a). <strong>Family</strong><strong>Plann<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>and</strong> General Reproductive Health: Quantitative<strong>and</strong> Qualitative Analysis, Dili: UNFPA.__________ (2009b). Youth Reproductive Health Report:Quantitative <strong>and</strong> Qualitative Analysis, Dili: UNFPA.United Nations (1994). Report of <strong>the</strong> <strong>International</strong>Conference on Population <strong>and</strong> Development, Cairo, 5-13September 1994 (United Nations publication, Sales No.E.95.XIII.18), chap. I, resolution 1, annex.__________ (2009). World Population Prospects: The2008 Revision (United Nations publication, Sales No.E.05.XIII.7).Zwi, Anthony B., Ilse Blignault, Diana Glazebrook,Veronica Correia, Ca<strong>the</strong>r<strong>in</strong>e R. Bateman Steel, EliasFerreira <strong>and</strong> Basilio M. P<strong>in</strong>to (2009). Timor-Leste: HealthCare Seek<strong>in</strong>g Behaviour Study 2009, Sydney: University ofNew South Wales.9 An <strong>in</strong>dication of <strong>the</strong> cooperation between <strong>the</strong> Catholic Church<strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> national FP programme is that <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Dili diocese whenyoung couples receive <strong>the</strong>ir premarital counsell<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> Church hasnow started request<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> M<strong>in</strong>istry to send along a midwife whocan expla<strong>in</strong> all methods of contraception to <strong>the</strong> soon-to-be marriedcouples. While <strong>the</strong> Church makes it clear it does not approve ofmodern methods it also emphasizes this is a choice that couplesmust make for <strong>the</strong>mselves, freely <strong>and</strong> responsibly. If a young couplechooses a modern method <strong>the</strong>n <strong>the</strong>y are <strong>in</strong>formed where <strong>the</strong>y cango <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> national programme to receive <strong>the</strong> method.ReferencesBelton, Suzanne (2010). UNFPA Strategy to EnhanceReproductive Health Commodity, Consultant’s Report,London: HLSP (Mott MacDonald Limited).Desbarats, Jacquel<strong>in</strong>e (1995). Prolific Survivors: PopulationChange <strong>in</strong> Cambodia 1975-1993, Tempe, Arizona:Arizona State University Press.MEASURE DHS (2010). Timor-Leste Demographic <strong>and</strong>Health Survey 2009-2010: Prelim<strong>in</strong>ary Report (April),. Dili:National Statistics Directorate, M<strong>in</strong>istry of F<strong>in</strong>ance.M<strong>in</strong>istry of Health (2004a). National <strong>Family</strong> <strong>Plann<strong>in</strong>g</strong>Policy. Dili: MOH.344
Papua New Gu<strong>in</strong>eaPapua New Gu<strong>in</strong>ea<strong>Family</strong> <strong>Plann<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>in</strong> Papua New Gu<strong>in</strong>ea:Current Status <strong>and</strong> Prospects for Reposition<strong>in</strong>g <strong>Family</strong><strong>Plann<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Development AgendaGeoffrey Hayes** Consultant Demographer, New Zeal<strong>and</strong>.345
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Family Pla
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ForewordThe Asia <
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Part 1Part 1Asia <
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Ensuring that <str
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of methods for all, in</str
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and undertake <str
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Report on the Regi
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SESSION 1: Changin
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that improving <st
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at a hospital would be offered post
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Bounkoung Phichit, Deputy M
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medicines
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Thus, while knowledge of modern met
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Hon. Mr. Malakai Tabar, Chairman, P
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curricula. If the
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dialogue as well as regional <stron
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BackgroundGlobal development effort
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TableTable1EventNational policyYear
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A third observation is that reporte
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TableTable2Current Contraceptive Pr
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Figure(-1.2), Cook Island</
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FigureTableTable3Trends in<
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Nam. Nearly all economies i
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2008 2009% Bilateral % Multilateral
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family planning wi
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IntroductionFamily
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The advent of the
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FigureFigure1Oceania and</s
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next 25 years, however, TFR fluctua
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FigureFigureFigure2Total fertility
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family planning pr
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esponsible for the
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that estimates of CPR for earlier p
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Figuremarried at an older age compa
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As previously mentioned most <stron
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FigureFigure945Relationship between
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The concept of “unmet need” has
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TableTable8Percentage of th
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TableTable9Percentage of reasons fo
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family planning pr
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As far as the supp
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Socio-cultural challenges tofamily
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likely to use contraception than yo
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15 Tests of statistical significanc
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of the South <stro
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104
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Figurewill exceed the</stro
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in urban (67%) tha
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ased service delivery poin<
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Most FWAs who were recruited two to
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are considered, unmet need for effe
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Households pay the
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Effective public-private partnershi
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ConclusionThe Bangladesh Fa
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the Family
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National Institute for Population R
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IndiaIndiaFamily <
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IntroductionThe use of contraceptiv
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TableTable2Indicators of tra<strong
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FigureFigureFigure1Contraceptive pr
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TableTable5Indicators of contracept
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TableTable6Adjusted odds ratios for
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FigureFigure3Contraceptive prevalen
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TableTable7Adjusted and</st
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the north
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TableTable10Differences between nor
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TableTable11 Total fertility rate <
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End Note1The first camp was success
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152
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154
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Figure1980s and ex
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health care and ed
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assistance from UNFPA and</
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in CPR. Likewise,
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International supp
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in development has
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__________ (2007). Population <stro
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170
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TableTable2What has the</st
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174
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per cent of women reported us<stron
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is provider bias that such methods
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TableTable7skewed distribution of h
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TableTable8TableTable9182
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that of the nation
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TableTable12 7some policies that ex
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The system guides the</stro
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FigureFigure4Total donor expenditur
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FigureFigureagain
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Impact of family plannin</s
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marketing of contr
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United States Agency for In
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200
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acceptable. From an NGO perspective
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FigureThis trend of limited donor f
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Figureto have the
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FigureFigure5Percentage change <str
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FigureFigure6Desire to limit childb
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coordination betwe
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the 1980s
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Policy Management.__________ (n.d.,
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218
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Population Activities (UNFPA) for a
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where family plannin</stron
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Thus an objective assessment of <st
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226
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Figureeconomic growth durin
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TableTable1TableTable2For spac<stro
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eflect a provider bias (e.g., <stro
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The Indonesian delegation was very
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than in ensur<stro
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in-country <strong
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(Ministry of Healt
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242
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244
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FigureTrends and p
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TableTable3Unmet need for contracep
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TableTable5TableTable6TableTable725
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TableTable8TableTable9Malaysia, abo
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previously mentioned is based on fo
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TableTable16births and</str
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FigureFigure3TRF54.5Scatter plots o
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ReferencesAng, Eng Suan (2007). Stu
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Demographic data sheet: population
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population size, with just 336,000
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NuptialityIn Myanmar nuptiality is
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FigureIn Myanmar, birth-spac<strong
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Scope of coverage and</stro
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FigureIn Myanmar, out of six select
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equirements. The Min</stron
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according to <stro
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Adolescent sexual and</stro
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FigureHIV/AIDS. An HIV-positive wom
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National Population PolicyMyanmar i
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Linkages with o<st
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TableTable4Achievements of Myanmar
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monitoring <strong
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Nay Pyi Taw, 26 October 2010.53 Sit
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292
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Page 348 and 349: includin</
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Page 358 and 359: FigureThe existence of traditional
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Page 382 and 383: is able to achieve. In Papua New Gu
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Page 390 and 391: Population: Views from Men
Page 392 and 393: 1545-1730Day 2: December 9Session 2
Page 394 and 395: Day 3, December 10Session 50830-100
Page 396 and 397: 15Mr. Tong Sithen1
Page 398 and 399: 54Ms. Shadiya IbrahimAssistant Repr
Page 400 and 401: 93Mr. Melkie AntonProject OfficerUn
Page 402 and 403: 131Dr. John P. SkibiakDirectorRepro
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International <str
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