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FigureThe begong>inong>nong>inong>g of ong>theong> Nationalong>Familyong> ong>Plannong>inong>gong> ProgrammePrior to 1966, family plannong>inong>g services ong>inong> Malaysia wereprovided by ong>theong> various state ong>Familyong> ong>Plannong>inong>gong> Associations,ong>andong> ong>theong> services were confong>inong>ed largely to major urbancentres. Fong>inong>dong>inong>gs from ong>theong> 1966 West Malaysia ong>Familyong>Survey conducted ong>inong> Penong>inong>sular Malaysia reported acontraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) of merely 8.8 percent.With ong>theong> launchong>inong>g of ong>theong> National ong>Familyong> ong>Plannong>inong>gong>Programme ong>inong> conjunction with ong>theong> First Malaysia Planong>inong> 1966, family plannong>inong>g became an official policy. Theprogramme was aimed at improvong>inong>g maternal ong>andong> childhealth ong>andong> deceleratong>inong>g ong>theong> rate of annual populationgrowth from 3 per cent ong>inong> 1966 to 2 per cent ong>inong> 1985 bysettong>inong>g targets to ong>inong>crease ong>theong> number of family plannong>inong>gacceptors (Noor Laily et al., 1982). The National ong>Familyong>ong>Plannong>inong>gong> Board was established ong>inong> order to plan, executeong>andong> coordong>inong>ate all family plannong>inong>g activities ong>inong> ong>theong>country. The programme began with ong>theong> provision ofclong>inong>ical contraceptive services maong>inong>ly ong>inong> ong>theong> urban areas.Subsequently, ong>theong> programme was expong>andong>ed to ong>theong> ruralareas of ong>theong> country through ong>theong> ong>inong>tegration of familyplannong>inong>g with primary health-care services of ong>theong> Mong>inong>istryof Health ong>inong> ong>theong> early 1970s.CPR ong>inong>creased substantially from 8 per cent ong>inong> 1966 to 36per cent ong>inong> 1974 ong>andong> furong>theong>r to 52 per cent ong>inong> 1984, buthas levelled off song>inong>ce ong>theong>n. Despite ong>theong> stagnation ong>inong> CPR,fertility has contong>inong>ued to declong>inong>e towards ong>theong> replacementlevel. Risong>inong>g age at marriage ong>andong> ong>inong>creased contraceptiveuse have been ong>theong> maong>inong> contributory factors to fertilitydeclong>inong>e.FigureEvolution of family plannong>inong>gpolicyIn reviewong>inong>g ong>theong> population policy ong>inong> 1984, ong>theong> governmentcalled for a major shift from “family plannong>inong>g” to “familyong>andong> human resources development”, ong>andong> for achievong>inong>g anultimate population size of 70 million by 2100. Underong>theong> New Population Policy, ong>theong> National ong>Familyong> ong>Plannong>inong>gong>Board was renamed ong>theong> National Population ong>andong>ong>Familyong> Development Board (NPFDB), ong>andong> ong>inong> 1989 wasplaced under ong>theong> Mong>inong>istry of National Unity ong>andong> SocialDevelopment. After ong>theong> dissolution of that Mong>inong>istryfollowong>inong>g ong>theong> 2001 general election, NPFDB was placedunder ong>theong> newly created Mong>inong>istry of Women, ong>Familyong> ong>andong>Community Development.In ong>theong> early stages of ong>theong> national programme, ong>inong>formation,education ong>andong> communication (IEC) activities played animportant role ong>inong> ong>inong>creasong>inong>g family plannong>inong>g acceptance.However, song>inong>ce ong>theong> promulgation of ong>theong> new populationpolicy ong>andong> ong>theong> change ong>inong> ong>theong> programme thrust ong>inong> 1984from family plannong>inong>g to family development, familyplannong>inong>g per se has been de-emphasized ong>andong> IEC activitieswere discontong>inong>ued (Tey, 2007).As ong>theong> fertility rate began approachong>inong>g ong>theong> replacementlevel, ong>theong> government’s view on fertility changed from“too high” ong>inong> 1996 to “satisfactory” ong>inong> 2007. The policyon fertility has song>inong>ce been revised from one that soughtto lower fertility to a policy with no ong>inong>tervention butwith emphasis on raisong>inong>g ong>theong> quality of ong>theong> populationthrough education ong>andong> human resources development. Inrecognizong>inong>g ong>theong> importance of ong>theong> family as a social ong>andong>production unit, ong>theong> family’s vital role ong>inong> nurturong>inong>g futuregenerations ong>andong> ong>inong> carong>inong>g for older people, steps were takento start developong>inong>g a national family policy that would gobeyond ong>theong> national population policy.1Contraceptive prevalence rate for any method ong>andong> modern methods ong>inong> Penong>inong>sular Malaysia60.052.254.851.950.040.030.036.026.330.330.234.420.010.00.01974 1984 1994 2004Any MethodModernSource: National Population ong>andong> ong>Familyong> Development Board (NPFDB); Malaysian Population ong>andong> ong>Familyong> Surveys ong>inong> 1974, 1984,1994 ong>andong> 2004.245
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Family Pla
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ForewordThe Asia <
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Part 1Part 1Asia <
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Ensuring that <str
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of methods for all, in</str
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and undertake <str
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Report on the Regi
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SESSION 1: Changin
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that improving <st
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at a hospital would be offered post
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Bounkoung Phichit, Deputy M
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medicines
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Thus, while knowledge of modern met
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Hon. Mr. Malakai Tabar, Chairman, P
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curricula. If the
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dialogue as well as regional <stron
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BackgroundGlobal development effort
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TableTable1EventNational policyYear
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A third observation is that reporte
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TableTable2Current Contraceptive Pr
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Figure(-1.2), Cook Island</
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FigureTableTable3Trends in<
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Nam. Nearly all economies i
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2008 2009% Bilateral % Multilateral
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family planning wi
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IntroductionFamily
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The advent of the
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FigureFigure1Oceania and</s
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next 25 years, however, TFR fluctua
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FigureFigureFigure2Total fertility
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family planning pr
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esponsible for the
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that estimates of CPR for earlier p
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Figuremarried at an older age compa
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As previously mentioned most <stron
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FigureFigure945Relationship between
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The concept of “unmet need” has
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TableTable8Percentage of th
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TableTable9Percentage of reasons fo
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family planning pr
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As far as the supp
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Socio-cultural challenges tofamily
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likely to use contraception than yo
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15 Tests of statistical significanc
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of the South <stro
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104
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Figurewill exceed the</stro
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in urban (67%) tha
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ased service delivery poin<
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Most FWAs who were recruited two to
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are considered, unmet need for effe
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Households pay the
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Effective public-private partnershi
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ConclusionThe Bangladesh Fa
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the Family
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National Institute for Population R
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IndiaIndiaFamily <
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IntroductionThe use of contraceptiv
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TableTable2Indicators of tra<strong
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FigureFigureFigure1Contraceptive pr
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TableTable5Indicators of contracept
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TableTable6Adjusted odds ratios for
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FigureFigure3Contraceptive prevalen
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TableTable7Adjusted and</st
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the north
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TableTable10Differences between nor
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TableTable11 Total fertility rate <
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End Note1The first camp was success
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152
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154
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Figure1980s and ex
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health care and ed
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assistance from UNFPA and</
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in CPR. Likewise,
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International supp
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in development has
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__________ (2007). Population <stro
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170
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TableTable2What has the</st
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174
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per cent of women reported us<stron
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is provider bias that such methods
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TableTable7skewed distribution of h
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TableTable8TableTable9182
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that of the nation
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TableTable12 7some policies that ex
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The system guides the</stro
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FigureFigure4Total donor expenditur
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FigureFigureagain
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Impact of family plannin</s
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marketing of contr
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United States Agency for In
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200
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acceptable. From an NGO perspective
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FigureThis trend of limited donor f
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Figureto have the
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FigureFigure5Percentage change <str
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FigureFigure6Desire to limit childb
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coordination betwe
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the 1980s
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Policy Management.__________ (n.d.,
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218
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Population Activities (UNFPA) for a
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where family plannin</stron
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Thus an objective assessment of <st
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226
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Figureeconomic growth durin
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TableTable1TableTable2For spac<stro
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eflect a provider bias (e.g., <stro
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The Indonesian delegation was very
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than in ensur<stro
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in-country <strong
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(Ministry of Healt
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242
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FigureTrends and p
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TableTable3Unmet need for contracep
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TableTable5TableTable6TableTable725
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TableTable8TableTable9Malaysia, abo
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previously mentioned is based on fo
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TableTable16births and</str
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FigureFigure3TRF54.5Scatter plots o
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ReferencesAng, Eng Suan (2007). Stu
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Demographic data sheet: population
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population size, with just 336,000
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NuptialityIn Myanmar nuptiality is
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FigureIn Myanmar, birth-spac<strong
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Scope of coverage and</stro
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FigureIn Myanmar, out of six select
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equirements. The Min</stron
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according to <stro
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Adolescent sexual and</stro
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FigureHIV/AIDS. An HIV-positive wom
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National Population PolicyMyanmar i
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Linkages with o<st
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TableTable4Achievements of Myanmar
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monitoring <strong
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Nay Pyi Taw, 26 October 2010.53 Sit
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292
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294
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TableTableA296
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dispense and adm<s
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(1) I am against a
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FigureFigureFigure3Use of modern co
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FigureFigure7Traditional method use
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Figureprojection, and</stro
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Figure 11 summarizes the</s
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correlating <stron
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Figurethe use of c
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FigureFigure15Sexual behaviour <str
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track the distribu
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Figureservices, which should <stron
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FigureFigureFigure18 Population <st
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National Statistics Office, <strong
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TableTable6TableTable7TableTable832
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TableTable11326
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TableTable14TableTable15TableTable1
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TableTable19Laws and</stron
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worker and hours w
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334
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336
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includin</
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TableTable1Contraceptive prevalence
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These results suggest that about 70
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2 The (period) TFR is the</
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346
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FigureThe existence of traditional
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Guinea case by <st
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The establishment of provin
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provide family plannin</str
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Figurelegal requirement nor a condi
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FigureTableTable5TableTable6Figure4
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modern method and
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married or in unio
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Figureolder. Both the</stro
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TableTable15The immediate past Nati
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out that the “ne
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Commodity securitySupply cha<strong
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is able to achieve. In Papua New Gu
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Qualitative assessments by a number
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increasin<
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service delivery poin</stro
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Population: Views from Men
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1545-1730Day 2: December 9Session 2
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Day 3, December 10Session 50830-100
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15Mr. Tong Sithen1
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54Ms. Shadiya IbrahimAssistant Repr
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93Mr. Melkie AntonProject OfficerUn
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131Dr. John P. SkibiakDirectorRepro
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International <str
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