30.07.2015
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The system guides ong>theong> operations of ong>theong> MoHP logisticmanagement system by forecastong>inong>g, providong>inong>g ong>inong>ventorymanagement, pipelong>inong>e monitorong>inong>g, ong>andong> preventong>inong>g “stockouts”(events that cause ong>inong>ventories to become exhausted).By 2006, 94 per cent of health facilities (4,000) weresubmittong>inong>g LMIS forms. This system has improved storagepractices ong>andong> ong>theong>refore has reduced waste ong>andong> expirationof contraceptives. The reports are used to ong>inong>fluence ong>theong>Annual Commodity Distribution Programme.The Logistic Management Division, with technicalassistance from USAID, monitors ong>theong> stock status ofcontraceptives through LMIS. The contraceptives aredistributed through ong>theong> Annual Commodity DistributionProgramme (ACDP), formerly supported by UNFPA, butnow run by ong>theong> government. In ACDP, 14-16 months ofcontraceptive stocks are furnished to district public healthoffices, ong>andong> those offices send ong>theong> contraceptives to grassrootshealth facilities on a quarterly basis accordong>inong>g to ong>theong>irrequest. Data from LMIS show that ong>theong> stock-out rate atservice-delivery poong>inong>ts over ong>theong> years has decreased from39 per cent ong>inong> 1994 to zero ong>inong> 2009 (USAID/DELIVERProject, 2009).TableTable14188
Availability of NDHS surveysfor forecastong>inong>g ong>andong> a shift ong>inong>contraceptive commoditiesdistributedNepal has conducted fertility ong>andong> family plannong>inong>g surveyssong>inong>ce 1976 for each five-year ong>inong>terval; song>inong>ce 1996 it hasconducted Demographic ong>andong> Health Surveys (DHS).Nepal has already undertaken three such surveys (ong>inong> 1996,2001 ong>andong> 2006), ong>andong> it has recently conducted anoong>theong>rone for 2011. The results of DHS 2011 are expectedong>inong> October this year. These surveys provide adequateong>inong>formation on ong>theong> levels ong>andong> trends of contraceptivemethod mix, which can be used for estimatong>inong>g futurerequirements for contraceptives.There have been some ong>inong>dications that a shift ong>inong>contraceptive commodities distributed by sources ong>inong>Nepal has been takong>inong>g place (see Table 14). First, althoughong>theong> government sector contong>inong>uously predomong>inong>ates as asource of any modern contraceptive method, its sharehas tended to declong>inong>e over ong>theong> years. Second, ong>theong> sharesof ong>theong> NGO sector ong>inong> dispensong>inong>g contraceptives has alsoshown a declong>inong>ong>inong>g trend. This holds true for all ong>inong>dividualmodern methods except IUDs. Third, ong>theong> share of ong>theong>private medical sector has almost doubled between 2001ong>andong> 2006; reachong>inong>g 13.8 per cent ong>inong> that year after it hadbeen only 7.3 per cent ong>inong> 2001. The ong>inong>crease is remarkablefor all methods, especially of pills, ong>inong>jectables, implants ong>andong>condoms. Fourth, shops, friends ong>andong> relatives have alsobecome a major source for condom.Fong>inong>ancong>inong>gThe major sources of fundong>inong>g for contraceptives arepresented ong>inong> Table 15. USAID is ong>theong> largest funder offamily plannong>inong>g-related activities ong>inong> Nepal, followed byKfW ong>andong> DFID. Until FY 2000/2001, contraceptiveneeds had been fully met with donor fundong>inong>g. Thegovernment started sharong>inong>g ong>theong> cost of contraceptives ong>inong>FY 2001/2002. The amount has ong>inong>creased from US$99,000 ong>inong> 2001/2002 to US$ 140,000 ong>inong> 2006/7. Thegovernment committed US$ 1,877,000 for 2006/07for contraceptives usong>inong>g a pool fund (fund created byDFID ong>andong> ong>theong> World Bank). There was an 87 per centong>inong>crease ong>inong> ong>theong> budget from 2008/09 to 2009/10 (MoHP,USAID/DELIVER Project, 2010). In FY2009/10, ong>theong>government committed 100 per cent of ong>theong> public sectorprocurement needs for contraceptives, allocatong>inong>g US$2,114,300 for contraceptive procurement. Accordong>inong>g to afew key stakeholders, fong>inong>ancong>inong>g contraceptive commoditiesis not currently a problem; however, problems do exist ong>inong>ong>theong> procurement process.Figure 4 shows ong>theong> total donor expenditures for populationassistance by channel: NGO, multilateral or bilateral.Social marketong>inong>g of contraceptive commodities hasTableTable15189
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Family Pla
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ForewordThe Asia <
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Part 1Part 1Asia <
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Ensuring that <str
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of methods for all, in</str
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and undertake <str
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Report on the Regi
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SESSION 1: Changin
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that improving <st
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at a hospital would be offered post
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Bounkoung Phichit, Deputy M
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medicines
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Thus, while knowledge of modern met
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Hon. Mr. Malakai Tabar, Chairman, P
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curricula. If the
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dialogue as well as regional <stron
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BackgroundGlobal development effort
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TableTable1EventNational policyYear
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A third observation is that reporte
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TableTable2Current Contraceptive Pr
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Figure(-1.2), Cook Island</
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FigureTableTable3Trends in<
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Nam. Nearly all economies i
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2008 2009% Bilateral % Multilateral
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family planning wi
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IntroductionFamily
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The advent of the
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FigureFigure1Oceania and</s
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next 25 years, however, TFR fluctua
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FigureFigureFigure2Total fertility
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family planning pr
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esponsible for the
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that estimates of CPR for earlier p
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Figuremarried at an older age compa
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As previously mentioned most <stron
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FigureFigure945Relationship between
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The concept of “unmet need” has
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TableTable8Percentage of th
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TableTable9Percentage of reasons fo
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family planning pr
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As far as the supp
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Socio-cultural challenges tofamily
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likely to use contraception than yo
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15 Tests of statistical significanc
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of the South <stro
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104
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Figurewill exceed the</stro
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in urban (67%) tha
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ased service delivery poin<
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Most FWAs who were recruited two to
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are considered, unmet need for effe
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Households pay the
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Effective public-private partnershi
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ConclusionThe Bangladesh Fa
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the Family
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National Institute for Population R
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IndiaIndiaFamily <
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IntroductionThe use of contraceptiv
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TableTable2Indicators of tra<strong
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FigureFigureFigure1Contraceptive pr
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TableTable5Indicators of contracept
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TableTable6Adjusted odds ratios for
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FigureFigure3Contraceptive prevalen
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TableTable7Adjusted and</st
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the north
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TableTable10Differences between nor
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TableTable11 Total fertility rate <
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End Note1The first camp was success
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152
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154
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Figure1980s and ex
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health care and ed
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assistance from UNFPA and</
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in CPR. Likewise,
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International supp
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in development has
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__________ (2007). Population <stro
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170
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TableTable2What has the</st
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174
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per cent of women reported us<stron
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is provider bias that such methods
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TableTable7skewed distribution of h
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TableTable8TableTable9182
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that of the nation
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TableTable12 7some policies that ex
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FigureFigure4Total donor expenditur
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FigureFigureagain
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Impact of family plannin</s
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marketing of contr
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United States Agency for In
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200
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acceptable. From an NGO perspective
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FigureThis trend of limited donor f
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Figureto have the
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FigureFigure5Percentage change <str
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FigureFigure6Desire to limit childb
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coordination betwe
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the 1980s
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Policy Management.__________ (n.d.,
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218
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Population Activities (UNFPA) for a
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where family plannin</stron
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Thus an objective assessment of <st
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226
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Figureeconomic growth durin
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TableTable1TableTable2For spac<stro
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eflect a provider bias (e.g., <stro
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The Indonesian delegation was very
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than in ensur<stro
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in-country <strong
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(Ministry of Healt
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242
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244
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FigureTrends and p
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TableTable3Unmet need for contracep
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TableTable5TableTable6TableTable725
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TableTable8TableTable9Malaysia, abo
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previously mentioned is based on fo
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TableTable16births and</str
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FigureFigure3TRF54.5Scatter plots o
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ReferencesAng, Eng Suan (2007). Stu
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Demographic data sheet: population
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population size, with just 336,000
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NuptialityIn Myanmar nuptiality is
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FigureIn Myanmar, birth-spac<strong
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Scope of coverage and</stro
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FigureIn Myanmar, out of six select
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equirements. The Min</stron
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according to <stro
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Adolescent sexual and</stro
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FigureHIV/AIDS. An HIV-positive wom
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National Population PolicyMyanmar i
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Linkages with o<st
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TableTable4Achievements of Myanmar
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monitoring <strong
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Nay Pyi Taw, 26 October 2010.53 Sit
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292
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294
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TableTableA296
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dispense and adm<s
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(1) I am against a
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FigureFigureFigure3Use of modern co
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FigureFigure7Traditional method use
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Figureprojection, and</stro
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Figure 11 summarizes the</s
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correlating <stron
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Figurethe use of c
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FigureFigure15Sexual behaviour <str
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track the distribu
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Figureservices, which should <stron
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FigureFigureFigure18 Population <st
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National Statistics Office, <strong
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TableTable6TableTable7TableTable832
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TableTable11326
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TableTable14TableTable15TableTable1
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TableTable19Laws and</stron
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worker and hours w
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334
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336
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includin</
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TableTable1Contraceptive prevalence
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These results suggest that about 70
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2 The (period) TFR is the</
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346
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FigureThe existence of traditional
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Guinea case by <st
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The establishment of provin
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provide family plannin</str
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Figurelegal requirement nor a condi
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FigureTableTable5TableTable6Figure4
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modern method and
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married or in unio
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Figureolder. Both the</stro
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TableTable15The immediate past Nati
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out that the “ne
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Commodity securitySupply cha<strong
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is able to achieve. In Papua New Gu
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Qualitative assessments by a number
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increasin<
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service delivery poin</stro
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Population: Views from Men
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1545-1730Day 2: December 9Session 2
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Day 3, December 10Session 50830-100
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15Mr. Tong Sithen1
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54Ms. Shadiya IbrahimAssistant Repr
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93Mr. Melkie AntonProject OfficerUn
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131Dr. John P. SkibiakDirectorRepro
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International <str
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