Family Planning in Asia and the Pacific - International Council on ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

TableTable12 7some policies that explicitly state that vulnerable groupsshould have access to family plann<strong>in</strong>g. Many of <strong>the</strong>segovernmental policies <strong>and</strong> efforts are not shared with<strong>the</strong> general population, lead<strong>in</strong>g to reduced awareness.Government representatives also spoke of current effortsto reach people <strong>in</strong> districts with low CPR <strong>and</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r specificpolicies related to this.<strong>Family</strong> plann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>tegrationwith o<strong>the</strong>r reproductive healthprogrammes<strong>Family</strong> plann<strong>in</strong>g has been <strong>in</strong>tegrated with maternal <strong>and</strong>child health s<strong>in</strong>ce <strong>the</strong> Third Five-year Plan (1965-1970).After ICPD <strong>in</strong> 1994, <strong>the</strong> government fur<strong>the</strong>r <strong>in</strong>tegratedfamily plann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>to <strong>the</strong> national reproductive healthprogramme.Currently, <strong>the</strong>re are almost 50,000 Female CommunityHealth Volunteers <strong>in</strong> 97 per cent of rural wards; <strong>the</strong>yprovide primary health care <strong>and</strong> referrals for FP <strong>and</strong>MCH, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g immunization <strong>and</strong> de-worm<strong>in</strong>g servicesat <strong>the</strong> community level. The goal is to reduce fertility <strong>and</strong>maternal, <strong>in</strong>fant <strong>and</strong> child mortality (WHO, 2008).Although <strong>in</strong>tegration of FP <strong>in</strong>to o<strong>the</strong>r services has beenemphasized <strong>in</strong> Nepal, <strong>the</strong> regularity of family plann<strong>in</strong>gservice, particularly surgical contraception services <strong>in</strong>several service sites, is still questioned (MoHP et al.,2006).186
TableTable13Accord<strong>in</strong>g to key stakeholder <strong>in</strong>terviews, <strong>in</strong>tegration hasbeen effective to a certa<strong>in</strong> extent especially with FemaleCommunity Health Volunteers, but FP rema<strong>in</strong>s neglected<strong>in</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r crucial areas, such as safe mo<strong>the</strong>rhood, postpartum,post-abortion <strong>and</strong> safe abortion care. Many alsostated that <strong>in</strong>tegration has overburdened service providers<strong>in</strong> hospitals, primary health centres <strong>and</strong> Female CommunityHealth Volunteers, which has lessened <strong>the</strong> emphasis <strong>and</strong>quality of FP services. A few key stakeholders said that<strong>in</strong>tegration has been more successful at <strong>the</strong> NGO levelthan <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> public sector. Most stakeholders agreed that,besides <strong>in</strong>creased condom promotion, HIV/AIDS has notbeen effectively <strong>in</strong>tegrated <strong>in</strong>to o<strong>the</strong>r areas of health care.However, government representatives said that <strong>in</strong>creased<strong>in</strong>tegration of HIV/AIDS is planned for <strong>the</strong> public sector<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> near future.Current status of contraceptivecommodity securityContraceptive security is achieved when four essentialconditions are met <strong>in</strong> a family plann<strong>in</strong>g/reproductivehealth programme (OUTLOOK 2003; Gribble, J 2010Population Reference Bureau)(a) Forecast<strong>in</strong>g – accurate estimates are made of <strong>the</strong>requirements for contraceptives;(b) F<strong>in</strong>anc<strong>in</strong>g – <strong>the</strong> f<strong>in</strong>ancial resources exist to obta<strong>in</strong>contraceptives;(c) Procurement – <strong>the</strong> technical resources exist to procurecontraceptives on a timely basis;(d) Delivery – reliable delivery <strong>and</strong> availability ofcontraceptives to <strong>the</strong> end user is assured for <strong>the</strong>medium to long term (at least 10 years).Forecast<strong>in</strong>gNepal has set up <strong>the</strong> follow<strong>in</strong>g mechanisms to accuratelyestimate its requirements for contraceptives on a cont<strong>in</strong>uousbasis:(a) Existence of Contraceptive Security Work<strong>in</strong>g Groupunder <strong>the</strong> leadership of <strong>the</strong> <strong>Family</strong> Health Division;(b) Existence of Logistics Management InformationSystem under <strong>the</strong> Logistic Management Division,which current <strong>in</strong>formation on quantities ofcontraceptives dispensed to users;(c) Availability of NDHS surveys for forecast<strong>in</strong>g;(d) Priority placed on adequate supplies.Contraceptive Security Work<strong>in</strong>g GroupThe <strong>Family</strong> Health Division <strong>and</strong> Logistic ManagementDivision of <strong>the</strong> M<strong>in</strong>istry of Population <strong>and</strong> Health<strong>in</strong>itiated a contraceptive security process <strong>in</strong> 1997. In 1998,<strong>the</strong> Contraceptive Security Work<strong>in</strong>g Group was formedunder <strong>the</strong> leadership of <strong>the</strong> <strong>Family</strong> Health Division. Thecore group consists of representatives from <strong>the</strong> LogisticsManagement Division, UNFPA, Nepal <strong>Family</strong> HealthProgramme <strong>and</strong> USAID. The larger group consists ofrepresentatives from <strong>the</strong> core group, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g FPAN,Social Market<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> National Centre for AIDS<strong>and</strong> STD Control. The Contraceptive Security Work<strong>in</strong>gGroup meets every year <strong>in</strong> May <strong>and</strong> November. Thework<strong>in</strong>g group reviews <strong>and</strong> discusses contraceptiveforecasts, shipment schedules <strong>and</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r important issues.In August 2010, <strong>the</strong> Logistics Management Division <strong>and</strong>NFHP-II/DELIVER-II, with USAID/Nepal, held <strong>the</strong>“National Level Bi-annual Review of Consensus Forecast<strong>and</strong> Quantification of RH/FP, MCH Commodities,Essential Drugs <strong>and</strong> Vacc<strong>in</strong>es for <strong>the</strong> next five years”.Logistics Management InformationSystemS<strong>in</strong>ce 1997, USAID <strong>and</strong> John Snow <strong>International</strong> havebeen support<strong>in</strong>g Nepal <strong>in</strong> conduct<strong>in</strong>g nationwide reportsof <strong>the</strong> Logistics Management Information System (LMIS).187
Page 1:
Family Pla
Page 7 and 8:
ForewordThe Asia <
Page 11:
Part 1Part 1Asia <
Page 14 and 15:
Ensuring that <str
Page 16 and 17:
of methods for all, in</str
Page 18 and 19:
and undertake <str
Page 21 and 22:
Report on the Regi
Page 23 and 24:
SESSION 1: Changin
Page 25 and 26:
that improving <st
Page 31:
at a hospital would be offered post
Page 35:
Bounkoung Phichit, Deputy M
Page 38 and 39:
medicines
Page 40 and 41:
Thus, while knowledge of modern met
Page 42 and 43:
Hon. Mr. Malakai Tabar, Chairman, P
Page 44 and 45:
curricula. If the
Page 47:
dialogue as well as regional <stron
Page 51:
BackgroundGlobal development effort
Page 54 and 55:
TableTable1EventNational policyYear
Page 56 and 57:
A third observation is that reporte
Page 58 and 59:
TableTable2Current Contraceptive Pr
Page 60 and 61:
Figure(-1.2), Cook Island</
Page 62:
FigureTableTable3Trends in<
Page 65 and 66:
Nam. Nearly all economies i
Page 67:
2008 2009% Bilateral % Multilateral
Page 70 and 71:
family planning wi
Page 73 and 74:
IntroductionFamily
Page 75 and 76:
The advent of the
Page 77 and 78:
FigureFigure1Oceania and</s
Page 79 and 80:
next 25 years, however, TFR fluctua
Page 81 and 82:
FigureFigureFigure2Total fertility
Page 83 and 84:
family planning pr
Page 85 and 86:
esponsible for the
Page 87 and 88:
that estimates of CPR for earlier p
Page 90 and 91:
Figuremarried at an older age compa
Page 92 and 93:
As previously mentioned most <stron
Page 94 and 95:
FigureFigure945Relationship between
Page 96 and 97:
The concept of “unmet need” has
Page 98 and 99:
TableTable8Percentage of th
Page 100 and 101:
TableTable9Percentage of reasons fo
Page 102 and 103:
family planning pr
Page 104 and 105:
As far as the supp
Page 106 and 107:
Socio-cultural challenges tofamily
Page 108 and 109:
likely to use contraception than yo
Page 110 and 111:
15 Tests of statistical significanc
Page 112 and 113:
of the South <stro
Page 114 and 115:
104
Page 116:
Figurewill exceed the</stro
Page 119 and 120:
in urban (67%) tha
Page 121 and 122:
ased service delivery poin<
Page 123 and 124:
Most FWAs who were recruited two to
Page 125 and 126:
are considered, unmet need for effe
Page 127 and 128:
Households pay the
Page 129 and 130:
Effective public-private partnershi
Page 131 and 132:
ConclusionThe Bangladesh Fa
Page 133 and 134:
the Family
Page 135 and 136:
National Institute for Population R
Page 137 and 138:
IndiaIndiaFamily <
Page 139:
IntroductionThe use of contraceptiv
Page 142 and 143:
TableTable2Indicators of tra<strong
Page 144 and 145:
FigureFigureFigure1Contraceptive pr
Page 146 and 147: TableTable5Indicators of contracept
Page 148 and 149: TableTable6Adjusted odds ratios for
Page 150 and 151: FigureFigure3Contraceptive prevalen
Page 152 and 153: TableTable7Adjusted and</st
Page 154 and 155: the north
Page 156 and 157: TableTable10Differences between nor
Page 158 and 159: TableTable11 Total fertility rate <
Page 160 and 161: End Note1The first camp was success
Page 162 and 163: 152
Page 164 and 165: 154
Page 166 and 167: Figure1980s and ex
Page 168 and 169: health care and ed
Page 170 and 171: assistance from UNFPA and</
Page 172 and 173: in CPR. Likewise,
Page 174 and 175: International supp
Page 176 and 177: in development has
Page 178 and 179: __________ (2007). Population <stro
Page 180 and 181: 170
Page 182 and 183: TableTable2What has the</st
Page 184 and 185: 174
Page 186 and 187: per cent of women reported us<stron
Page 188 and 189: is provider bias that such methods
Page 190 and 191: TableTable7skewed distribution of h
Page 192 and 193: TableTable8TableTable9182
Page 194 and 195: that of the nation
Page 198 and 199: The system guides the</stro
Page 200 and 201: FigureFigure4Total donor expenditur
Page 202 and 203: FigureFigureagain
Page 204 and 205: Impact of family plannin</s
Page 206 and 207: marketing of contr
Page 208 and 209: United States Agency for In
Page 210 and 211: 200
Page 212 and 213: acceptable. From an NGO perspective
Page 214 and 215: FigureThis trend of limited donor f
Page 216 and 217: Figureto have the
Page 218 and 219: FigureFigure5Percentage change <str
Page 220 and 221: FigureFigure6Desire to limit childb
Page 222 and 223: coordination betwe
Page 224 and 225: the 1980s
Page 226 and 227: Policy Management.__________ (n.d.,
Page 228 and 229: 218
Page 230 and 231: Population Activities (UNFPA) for a
Page 232 and 233: where family plannin</stron
Page 234 and 235: Thus an objective assessment of <st
Page 236 and 237: 226
Page 238 and 239: Figureeconomic growth durin
Page 240 and 241: TableTable1TableTable2For spac<stro
Page 242 and 243: eflect a provider bias (e.g., <stro
Page 244 and 245: The Indonesian delegation was very
Page 246 and 247:
than in ensur<stro
Page 248 and 249:
in-country <strong
Page 250 and 251:
(Ministry of Healt
Page 252 and 253:
242
Page 254 and 255:
244
Page 256 and 257:
FigureTrends and p
Page 258 and 259:
TableTable3Unmet need for contracep
Page 260 and 261:
TableTable5TableTable6TableTable725
Page 262 and 263:
TableTable8TableTable9Malaysia, abo
Page 264 and 265:
previously mentioned is based on fo
Page 266 and 267:
TableTable16births and</str
Page 268 and 269:
FigureFigure3TRF54.5Scatter plots o
Page 270 and 271:
ReferencesAng, Eng Suan (2007). Stu
Page 272 and 273:
Demographic data sheet: population
Page 274 and 275:
population size, with just 336,000
Page 276 and 277:
NuptialityIn Myanmar nuptiality is
Page 278 and 279:
FigureIn Myanmar, birth-spac<strong
Page 280 and 281:
Scope of coverage and</stro
Page 282 and 283:
FigureIn Myanmar, out of six select
Page 284 and 285:
equirements. The Min</stron
Page 286 and 287:
according to <stro
Page 288 and 289:
Adolescent sexual and</stro
Page 290 and 291:
FigureHIV/AIDS. An HIV-positive wom
Page 292 and 293:
National Population PolicyMyanmar i
Page 294 and 295:
Linkages with o<st
Page 296 and 297:
TableTable4Achievements of Myanmar
Page 298 and 299:
monitoring <strong
Page 300 and 301:
Nay Pyi Taw, 26 October 2010.53 Sit
Page 302 and 303:
292
Page 304 and 305:
294
Page 306 and 307:
TableTableA296
Page 308 and 309:
dispense and adm<s
Page 310 and 311:
(1) I am against a
Page 312 and 313:
FigureFigureFigure3Use of modern co
Page 314 and 315:
FigureFigure7Traditional method use
Page 316 and 317:
Figureprojection, and</stro
Page 318 and 319:
Figure 11 summarizes the</s
Page 320 and 321:
correlating <stron
Page 322 and 323:
Figurethe use of c
Page 324 and 325:
FigureFigure15Sexual behaviour <str
Page 326 and 327:
track the distribu
Page 328 and 329:
Figureservices, which should <stron
Page 330 and 331:
FigureFigureFigure18 Population <st
Page 332 and 333:
National Statistics Office, <strong
Page 334 and 335:
Page 336 and 337:
TableTable11326
Page 338 and 339:
Page 340 and 341:
TableTable19Laws and</stron
Page 342 and 343:
worker and hours w
Page 344 and 345:
334
Page 346 and 347:
336
Page 348 and 349:
includin</
Page 350 and 351:
TableTable1Contraceptive prevalence
Page 352 and 353:
These results suggest that about 70
Page 354 and 355:
2 The (period) TFR is the</
Page 356 and 357:
346
Page 358 and 359:
FigureThe existence of traditional
Page 360 and 361:
Guinea case by <st
Page 362 and 363:
The establishment of provin
Page 364 and 365:
provide family plannin</str
Page 366 and 367:
Figurelegal requirement nor a condi
Page 368 and 369:
FigureTableTable5TableTable6Figure4
Page 370 and 371:
modern method and
Page 372 and 373:
married or in unio
Page 374 and 375:
Figureolder. Both the</stro
Page 376 and 377:
TableTable15The immediate past Nati
Page 378 and 379:
out that the “ne
Page 380 and 381:
Commodity securitySupply cha<strong
Page 382 and 383:
is able to achieve. In Papua New Gu
Page 384 and 385:
Qualitative assessments by a number
Page 386 and 387:
increasin<
Page 388 and 389:
service delivery poin</stro
Page 390 and 391:
Population: Views from Men
Page 392 and 393:
1545-1730Day 2: December 9Session 2
Page 394 and 395:
Day 3, December 10Session 50830-100
Page 396 and 397:
15Mr. Tong Sithen1
Page 398 and 399:
54Ms. Shadiya IbrahimAssistant Repr
Page 400 and 401:
93Mr. Melkie AntonProject OfficerUn
Page 402 and 403:
131Dr. John P. SkibiakDirectorRepro
Page 404:
International <str
show all

Family Planning in Asia and the Pacific - International Council on ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?