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Ensur<strong>in</strong>g that <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> health system family plann<strong>in</strong>g ispromoted as an essential component of sexual <strong>and</strong>reproductive health;Maximis<strong>in</strong>g opportunities for family plann<strong>in</strong>g throughan <strong>in</strong>tegrated approach with<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> health system;Engag<strong>in</strong>g multiple sectors to adopt family plann<strong>in</strong>g as anational development issue;Promot<strong>in</strong>g family plann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>formation <strong>in</strong> a culturallyappropriate <strong>and</strong> gender sensitive manner.Proposed strategiesEach participat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>Asia</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Pacific</strong> government <strong>and</strong>partner <strong>the</strong>refore recommends <strong>the</strong> follow<strong>in</strong>g strategiesto fur<strong>the</strong>r commit to universal access to family plann<strong>in</strong>g,especially to address unmet need, with<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> context ofsexual <strong>and</strong> reproductive health, <strong>and</strong> with particular focuson <strong>the</strong> underserved:1. Enhanc<strong>in</strong>g leadership, governance <strong>and</strong> politicalcommitment for reposition<strong>in</strong>g family plann<strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> national development agenda2. Rais<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> susta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g adequate f<strong>in</strong>ancialresources for ensur<strong>in</strong>g universal access tofamily plann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>formation, services <strong>and</strong>commodities,3. Improv<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> quality <strong>and</strong> coverage of familyplann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>formation <strong>and</strong> service delivery toensure free <strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong>formed choice through <strong>the</strong>provision of a broader range of methods for all,<strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> underserved groups4. Empower<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>dividuals, especially <strong>the</strong>underserved, <strong>and</strong> communities to exercise<strong>the</strong>ir rights to dem<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> use family plann<strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong>formation <strong>and</strong> services5. Recogniz<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> respond<strong>in</strong>g to <strong>the</strong> uniqueneeds of young people for quality sexual <strong>and</strong>reproductive health <strong>in</strong>formation <strong>and</strong> services6. Ensur<strong>in</strong>g commodity security <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g policy,dem<strong>and</strong> creation <strong>and</strong> logistics management toensure susta<strong>in</strong>able supplies of a broad rangeof contraceptives to all, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g underservedgroups7. Ensur<strong>in</strong>g an adequate <strong>and</strong> equitably distributedsupply of skilled human resources to providequality family plann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>formation <strong>and</strong>services8. Streng<strong>the</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g partnerships <strong>and</strong> collaborationwith stakeholders, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g religious groups,for mak<strong>in</strong>g family plann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>formation <strong>and</strong>services available, accessible, acceptable <strong>and</strong>affordable to all9. Improv<strong>in</strong>g data collection <strong>and</strong> analysis ofdisaggregated data for monitor<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>equities<strong>and</strong> evaluat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> impact of family plann<strong>in</strong>g forall10. Undertak<strong>in</strong>g operations <strong>and</strong> socio culturalresearch to improve knowledge base for policy<strong>and</strong> programm<strong>in</strong>g reformsDetailed strategies1. Enhanc<strong>in</strong>g leadership,governance <strong>and</strong> politicalcommitment for reposition<strong>in</strong>gfamily plann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> nationaldevelopment agenda<strong>in</strong>clude family plann<strong>in</strong>g, with<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> context of maternal<strong>and</strong> child health <strong>and</strong> family health, <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> national social<strong>and</strong> economic development agenda on a medium <strong>and</strong>long term perspective.enhance recognition of <strong>the</strong> l<strong>in</strong>ks between familyplann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> environmental socio-economic resources<strong>and</strong> development <strong>and</strong> place high priority to relevantpolicies that promote family plann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Asia</strong><strong>and</strong> <strong>Pacific</strong> region with<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> context of nationaldevelopment progress;prioritize <strong>in</strong>vestment <strong>in</strong> access to family plann<strong>in</strong>g<strong>and</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r sexual <strong>and</strong> reproductive health services,emphasiz<strong>in</strong>g national policies <strong>and</strong> programmes thatwill reduce <strong>in</strong>equities <strong>in</strong> access to services <strong>and</strong> healthoutcomes. Ensure that this priority is protected,especially <strong>in</strong> situations of f<strong>in</strong>ancial <strong>and</strong> economic crisis<strong>and</strong> natural disaster;sensitize parliamentarians to <strong>the</strong> importance of familyplann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g reproductive health commoditysecurity, <strong>and</strong> streng<strong>the</strong>n <strong>the</strong>ir leadership role <strong>in</strong>undertak<strong>in</strong>g evidence-based advocacy for <strong>in</strong>clusion offamily plann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> political agenda;ensure adequate resources are allocated for familyplann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> efficiently used <strong>in</strong> a decentralised sett<strong>in</strong>gwhere decision-mak<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> resource allocation isdevolved to sub-national authorities;develop or streng<strong>the</strong>n measures to reposition familyplann<strong>in</strong>g, <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> context of a rights-based <strong>and</strong> gendersensitiveapproach, <strong>in</strong> its national development agendathrough assess<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> identify<strong>in</strong>g:4
<strong>the</strong> extent to which family plann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> sexual <strong>and</strong>reproductive health has been prioritised <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> healthsystem, <strong>and</strong> with<strong>in</strong> health system streng<strong>the</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g effortsas well as streng<strong>the</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g of appropriate <strong>in</strong>stitutional<strong>and</strong> coord<strong>in</strong>ation l<strong>in</strong>kages <strong>in</strong> countries where familyplann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> sexual <strong>and</strong> reproductive health are notmanaged from a s<strong>in</strong>gle <strong>in</strong>stitution;f<strong>in</strong>ancial, legal, <strong>and</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r barriers to access, especiallyfor disadvantaged, marg<strong>in</strong>alised <strong>and</strong> underservedgroups, such as adolescents;review <strong>and</strong>, where necessary, take steps to augmentpolicies <strong>and</strong> legislation that are appropriate for achiev<strong>in</strong>guniversal access to family plann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> address<strong>in</strong>gunmet need for FP, <strong>in</strong> l<strong>in</strong>e with <strong>the</strong> goals of ICPD <strong>and</strong><strong>the</strong> MDGs, <strong>and</strong> ensure <strong>the</strong>ir effective implementation;streng<strong>the</strong>n a multi-sectoral approach to promote familyplann<strong>in</strong>g through engag<strong>in</strong>g wi<strong>the</strong>ducation: for sexuality <strong>and</strong> reproductive heal<strong>the</strong>ducation <strong>in</strong> schools;rural <strong>and</strong> community development: for promot<strong>in</strong>gcommunity-based <strong>in</strong>formation <strong>and</strong> services <strong>and</strong>engag<strong>in</strong>g civil society leaders, organizations <strong>and</strong>stakeholders;health: for family plann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>formation, services <strong>and</strong>commodities delivery;women/gender: for promotion of empowermentof women to enhance <strong>in</strong>formed family plann<strong>in</strong>g<strong>and</strong> reproductive health decisions <strong>and</strong> for girl’seducation;f<strong>in</strong>ance <strong>and</strong> plann<strong>in</strong>g: for ensur<strong>in</strong>g family plann<strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong>clusion <strong>in</strong> national/sectoral plans <strong>and</strong> budgets;develop a monitor<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> accountability framework forensur<strong>in</strong>g implementation <strong>in</strong> an assertive <strong>and</strong> transparentenvironment.2. Rais<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> susta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>gadequate f<strong>in</strong>ancial resourcesfor ensur<strong>in</strong>g universalaccess to family plann<strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong>formation, services <strong>and</strong>commoditiesadvocate for cont<strong>in</strong>u<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong>creased nationalgovernment <strong>in</strong>vestments <strong>in</strong> family plann<strong>in</strong>g for reduc<strong>in</strong>gunmet need;advocate for <strong>in</strong>creased resources from donors <strong>and</strong> o<strong>the</strong>rdevelopment partners, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>ternational f<strong>in</strong>ancial<strong>in</strong>stitutions, to meet unmet needs <strong>in</strong> countries which donot have adequate resources <strong>and</strong> to meet <strong>the</strong> needs of<strong>the</strong> poorest of <strong>the</strong> poor <strong>and</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r vulnerable or excludedpopulation;prepare evidence-based advocacy for mak<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> casefor <strong>in</strong>creased <strong>in</strong>vestment <strong>in</strong> family plann<strong>in</strong>g as <strong>the</strong>most cost-effective way to meet MDGs <strong>and</strong> stimulateeconomic growth <strong>and</strong> dim<strong>in</strong>ish poverty;provide additional fund<strong>in</strong>g to scale-up provenapproaches to reach<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> disadvantaged;engage with development partners for cont<strong>in</strong>uedsupport to <strong>the</strong> exist<strong>in</strong>g global f<strong>in</strong>anc<strong>in</strong>g mechanisms,such as <strong>the</strong> RHCS Coalition <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> UNFPA’s GlobalProgramme to enhance reproductive health commoditysecurity;ensure f<strong>in</strong>ancial protection to meet dem<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong>services for family plann<strong>in</strong>g, especially for populationswho cannot afford, <strong>and</strong> explore <strong>in</strong>novative payments/<strong>in</strong>centives <strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong>surance for meet<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> needs of <strong>the</strong>underserved; e.g., through <strong>in</strong>surance scheme or socialsafety net, conditional cash transfer, private publicpartnerships, <strong>and</strong> community participation;broaden <strong>the</strong> family plann<strong>in</strong>g resource base throughengag<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> public-private sector partnerships;ensure effective <strong>and</strong> efficient use of exist<strong>in</strong>g resourcesfor family plann<strong>in</strong>g, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g pooled procurement;assess <strong>and</strong> report regularly on actual resource allocations<strong>and</strong> utilisation for advanc<strong>in</strong>g equitable access to familyplann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> sexual <strong>and</strong> reproductive health at national<strong>and</strong> sub-national levels, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g undertak<strong>in</strong>g cost<strong>in</strong>gstudies to plan sufficient resources for family plann<strong>in</strong>g;identify mechanisms for tagg<strong>in</strong>g resources <strong>in</strong> SWAps<strong>and</strong> pooled fund<strong>in</strong>g mechanisms, so that it is possible toascerta<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> impact of contribution to family plann<strong>in</strong>g<strong>and</strong> its relative impact;ensure <strong>in</strong>clusion of family plann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> a basic packageof health services <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> national health <strong>in</strong>surancescheme;promote a closer coord<strong>in</strong>ation between <strong>the</strong> reproductivehealth/family plann<strong>in</strong>g department/agency <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong>HIV <strong>and</strong> maternal <strong>and</strong> newborn health departments tobe able to optimally use resources;ensure that national commitment to family plann<strong>in</strong>g/reproductive health is translated effectively <strong>in</strong> policies,programmes <strong>and</strong> budgets.3. Improv<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> quality <strong>and</strong>coverage of family plann<strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong>formation <strong>and</strong> servicedelivery to ensure free <strong>and</strong><strong>in</strong>formed choice, through <strong>the</strong>provision of a broader range5
Page 1: Family Pla
Page 7 and 8: ForewordThe Asia <
Page 11: Part 1Part 1Asia <
Page 16 and 17: of methods for all, in</str
Page 18 and 19: and undertake <str
Page 21 and 22: Report on the Regi
Page 23 and 24: SESSION 1: Changin
Page 25 and 26: that improving <st
Page 31: at a hospital would be offered post
Page 35: Bounkoung Phichit, Deputy M
Page 38 and 39: medicines
Page 40 and 41: Thus, while knowledge of modern met
Page 42 and 43: Hon. Mr. Malakai Tabar, Chairman, P
Page 44 and 45: curricula. If the
Page 47: dialogue as well as regional <stron
Page 51: BackgroundGlobal development effort
Page 54 and 55: TableTable1EventNational policyYear
Page 56 and 57: A third observation is that reporte
Page 58 and 59: TableTable2Current Contraceptive Pr
Page 60 and 61: Figure(-1.2), Cook Island</
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Nam. Nearly all economies i
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2008 2009% Bilateral % Multilateral
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family planning wi
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IntroductionFamily
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The advent of the
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FigureFigure1Oceania and</s
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next 25 years, however, TFR fluctua
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FigureFigureFigure2Total fertility
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family planning pr
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esponsible for the
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that estimates of CPR for earlier p
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Figuremarried at an older age compa
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As previously mentioned most <stron
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FigureFigure945Relationship between
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The concept of “unmet need” has
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TableTable8Percentage of th
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TableTable9Percentage of reasons fo
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family planning pr
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As far as the supp
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Socio-cultural challenges tofamily
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likely to use contraception than yo
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15 Tests of statistical significanc
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of the South <stro
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104
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Figurewill exceed the</stro
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in urban (67%) tha
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ased service delivery poin<
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Most FWAs who were recruited two to
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are considered, unmet need for effe
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Households pay the
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Effective public-private partnershi
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ConclusionThe Bangladesh Fa
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the Family
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National Institute for Population R
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IndiaIndiaFamily <
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IntroductionThe use of contraceptiv
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TableTable2Indicators of tra<strong
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FigureFigureFigure1Contraceptive pr
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TableTable5Indicators of contracept
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TableTable6Adjusted odds ratios for
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FigureFigure3Contraceptive prevalen
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TableTable7Adjusted and</st
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the north
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TableTable10Differences between nor
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TableTable11 Total fertility rate <
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End Note1The first camp was success
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152
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154
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Figure1980s and ex
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health care and ed
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assistance from UNFPA and</
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in CPR. Likewise,
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International supp
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in development has
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__________ (2007). Population <stro
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170
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TableTable2What has the</st
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174
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per cent of women reported us<stron
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is provider bias that such methods
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TableTable7skewed distribution of h
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TableTable8TableTable9182
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that of the nation
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TableTable12 7some policies that ex
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The system guides the</stro
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FigureFigure4Total donor expenditur
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FigureFigureagain
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Impact of family plannin</s
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marketing of contr
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United States Agency for In
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200
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acceptable. From an NGO perspective
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FigureThis trend of limited donor f
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Figureto have the
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FigureFigure5Percentage change <str
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FigureFigure6Desire to limit childb
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coordination betwe
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the 1980s
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Policy Management.__________ (n.d.,
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218
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Population Activities (UNFPA) for a
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where family plannin</stron
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Thus an objective assessment of <st
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226
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Figureeconomic growth durin
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TableTable1TableTable2For spac<stro
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eflect a provider bias (e.g., <stro
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The Indonesian delegation was very
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than in ensur<stro
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in-country <strong
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(Ministry of Healt
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242
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244
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FigureTrends and p
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TableTable3Unmet need for contracep
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TableTable5TableTable6TableTable725
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TableTable8TableTable9Malaysia, abo
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previously mentioned is based on fo
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TableTable16births and</str
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FigureFigure3TRF54.5Scatter plots o
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ReferencesAng, Eng Suan (2007). Stu
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Demographic data sheet: population
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population size, with just 336,000
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NuptialityIn Myanmar nuptiality is
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FigureIn Myanmar, birth-spac<strong
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Scope of coverage and</stro
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FigureIn Myanmar, out of six select
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equirements. The Min</stron
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according to <stro
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Adolescent sexual and</stro
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FigureHIV/AIDS. An HIV-positive wom
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National Population PolicyMyanmar i
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Linkages with o<st
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TableTable4Achievements of Myanmar
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monitoring <strong
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Nay Pyi Taw, 26 October 2010.53 Sit
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292
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294
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TableTableA296
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dispense and adm<s
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(1) I am against a
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FigureFigureFigure3Use of modern co
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FigureFigure7Traditional method use
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Figureprojection, and</stro
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Figure 11 summarizes the</s
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correlating <stron
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Figurethe use of c
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FigureFigure15Sexual behaviour <str
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track the distribu
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Figureservices, which should <stron
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FigureFigureFigure18 Population <st
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National Statistics Office, <strong
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TableTable11326
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TableTable19Laws and</stron
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worker and hours w
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334
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336
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includin</
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TableTable1Contraceptive prevalence
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These results suggest that about 70
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2 The (period) TFR is the</
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346
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FigureThe existence of traditional
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Guinea case by <st
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The establishment of provin
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provide family plannin</str
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Figurelegal requirement nor a condi
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FigureTableTable5TableTable6Figure4
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modern method and
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married or in unio
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Figureolder. Both the</stro
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TableTable15The immediate past Nati
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out that the “ne
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Commodity securitySupply cha<strong
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is able to achieve. In Papua New Gu
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Qualitative assessments by a number
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increasin<
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service delivery poin</stro
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Population: Views from Men
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1545-1730Day 2: December 9Session 2
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Day 3, December 10Session 50830-100
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15Mr. Tong Sithen1
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54Ms. Shadiya IbrahimAssistant Repr
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93Mr. Melkie AntonProject OfficerUn
Page 402 and 403:
131Dr. John P. SkibiakDirectorRepro
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International <str
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