SRH and HIV/AIDS Linkages at Policies, Programmes and Service ...
SRH and HIV/AIDS Linkages at Policies, Programmes and Service ... SRH and HIV/AIDS Linkages at Policies, Programmes and Service ...
BANGLADESHCAMBODIANEPALPHILIPPINES42
AbstractBackgroundThe HIV epidemic became a keyreproductive and sexual health issuebecause the majority of HIV infectionsare sexually transmitted, or associated withpregnancy, and breastfeeding. Accordingto the HIV Sentinel Surveillance (HSS)report in 2006, the HIV prevalence was thehighest in the region (0.9 per cent), withan estimated 1.1 per cent among pregnantwomen attending antenatal care (ANC)clinics. This indicated that the HIV/AIDS epidemic is becoming generalisedand family planning, safe motherhood, andprimary HIV prevention services in healthcentres are more critical for a comprehensiveresponse between health services. Accordingto the Cambodia Demographic and HealthSurvey (CDHS), only 12.3 per cent ofmarried women have ever been tested forHIV, with very few women being tested inthe course of ANC (12 per cent in 2005).The risk of transmission from mother tochild remains high. Among women whotested HIV positive in the 2005 CDHS,2.2 per cent were pregnant at the time,and 35.9 per cent were in the less than24 months post-partum group. Thesefigures recognise that linkages betweenreproductive health and HIV are crucialto comprehensive management and carefor patients who need concomitant care forrelated health conditions.MethodsThe methodology used for this report wasboth a standard questionnaire for interviewand reviewing secondary materials. Thein-depth interview was carried out amongthe heads of programmes and serviceproviders, to obtain information on sexualreproductive health (SRH) and HIV/AIDS. The secondary analysis of data wasobtained from available documents onSRH and HIV/AIDS in Cambodia.ResultsIn early 2006, the Ministry of Health(MOH)’s National Strategy forReproductive and Sexual Health (NSRSH)in Cambodia (2006-2010) was designed toensure an effective and coordinated responseto reproductive health (RH) needs in thecountry. The NSRSH covers a number oftechnical programme areas: maternal andnewborn health, adolescent reproductiveand sexual health, family planning,reproductive tract/sexually transmittedinfections (STIs), gender-based violence,and early detection of cervical cancer. Thelinked response approach is aligned withthe overall framework between the HIVstrategic plan and prevention of motherto child transmission (PMTCT) strategicplan, including reproductive healthstrategies, in collaboration with two centresthe National Centre for HIV/AIDSDermatology and STD (NCHADS)and the National Maternal Child HealthCentre (NMCHC) to implement thisapproach by the joint-development of aHIV proposal, and comprehensive planswithin the continuum of care operationalframework and yearly set targets.ConclusionThere is some evidence of linkage/integration between HIV and SRHservices at service delivery level, but limitedevidence of specific policies or strategies foran integrated HIV and SRH programme.43
- Page 11 and 12: ROUNDTABLE MEETING ON LINKAGES BETW
- Page 13 and 14: Mr Roberto M Ador, Executive Direct
- Page 15 and 16: Session 3: Health Systems Strengthe
- Page 17 and 18: Model for Public-Private Partnershi
- Page 19 and 20: CONCLUSIONSuccessful linkages betwe
- Page 21 and 22: INSTITUTIONALCAPACITY FORHIV/AIDS A
- Page 23 and 24: AbstractBackground: There are a num
- Page 25 and 26: the highest export earnings. The pr
- Page 27 and 28: grass-roots based service deliveryi
- Page 29 and 30: However, condom use was low amongho
- Page 31 and 32: 2and Save the Children, USA, and is
- Page 33 and 34: Many important national guidelines,
- Page 35 and 36: voluntarily, among project particip
- Page 37 and 38: ut all sources have consistently sp
- Page 39 and 40: USA) and the World Bank ledconsorti
- Page 41 and 42: the Prevention of Parent to ChildTr
- Page 43 and 44: access to services for their consti
- Page 45 and 46: for planned prevention, treatment a
- Page 47 and 48: e accomplished if there is supporta
- Page 49 and 50: In addition, not all services canbe
- Page 51 and 52: daily lives and take priority overH
- Page 53 and 54: Promote the social acceptability of
- Page 55 and 56: References20 years of HIV in Bangla
- Page 57 and 58: 337
- Page 59 and 60: Annex 6: Figure 2: National AIDS Mo
- Page 61: INSTITUTIONALCAPACITY FORHIV/AIDS A
- Page 65 and 66: NMCHCNRHPNSRSHNational Maternal Chi
- Page 67 and 68: management system, and health servi
- Page 69 and 70: universal access to HIV prevention,
- Page 71 and 72: In order to support the linked resp
- Page 73 and 74: ased violence, unplanned pregnancy/
- Page 75 and 76: The essential services package forr
- Page 77 and 78: care, and VCCT and ANC;Family plann
- Page 79 and 80: Strategy for RSH in Cambodia 2006 -
- Page 81 and 82: Logistics management proceduresfor
- Page 83 and 84: ReferencesStrategic Plan for HIV/AI
- Page 85 and 86: INSTITUTIONALCAPACITY FORHIV/AIDS A
- Page 87 and 88: ABSTRACTBackgroundThere are a numbe
- Page 89 and 90: planning products from DHOs/DPHOs.A
- Page 91 and 92: priority. A large part of the preve
- Page 93 and 94: the major breakthrough in linking t
- Page 95 and 96: guidelines especially those related
- Page 97 and 98: Court responded to the petition byi
- Page 99 and 100: 34building on the technical strengt
- Page 101 and 102: million from donors. As a percentag
- Page 103 and 104: in hill and mountain districts. Fre
- Page 105 and 106: uilding for home-based care through
- Page 107 and 108: is from GFATM. It sets targetsand d
- Page 109 and 110: SRH and HIV programmes are runverti
- Page 111 and 112: IX. REFERENCES1. Adolescent Health
AbstractBackgroundThe <strong>HIV</strong> epidemic became a keyreproductive <strong>and</strong> sexual health issuebecause the majority of <strong>HIV</strong> infectionsare sexually transmitted, or associ<strong>at</strong>ed withpregnancy, <strong>and</strong> breastfeeding. Accordingto the <strong>HIV</strong> Sentinel Surveillance (HSS)report in 2006, the <strong>HIV</strong> prevalence was thehighest in the region (0.9 per cent), withan estim<strong>at</strong>ed 1.1 per cent among pregnantwomen <strong>at</strong>tending anten<strong>at</strong>al care (ANC)clinics. This indic<strong>at</strong>ed th<strong>at</strong> the <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong> epidemic is becoming generalised<strong>and</strong> family planning, safe motherhood, <strong>and</strong>primary <strong>HIV</strong> prevention services in healthcentres are more critical for a comprehensiveresponse between health services. Accordingto the Cambodia Demographic <strong>and</strong> HealthSurvey (CDHS), only 12.3 per cent ofmarried women have ever been tested for<strong>HIV</strong>, with very few women being tested inthe course of ANC (12 per cent in 2005).The risk of transmission from mother tochild remains high. Among women whotested <strong>HIV</strong> positive in the 2005 CDHS,2.2 per cent were pregnant <strong>at</strong> the time,<strong>and</strong> 35.9 per cent were in the less than24 months post-partum group. Thesefigures recognise th<strong>at</strong> linkages betweenreproductive health <strong>and</strong> <strong>HIV</strong> are crucialto comprehensive management <strong>and</strong> carefor p<strong>at</strong>ients who need concomitant care forrel<strong>at</strong>ed health conditions.MethodsThe methodology used for this report wasboth a st<strong>and</strong>ard questionnaire for interview<strong>and</strong> reviewing secondary m<strong>at</strong>erials. Thein-depth interview was carried out amongthe heads of programmes <strong>and</strong> serviceproviders, to obtain inform<strong>at</strong>ion on sexualreproductive health (<strong>SRH</strong>) <strong>and</strong> <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong>. The secondary analysis of d<strong>at</strong>a wasobtained from available documents on<strong>SRH</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong> in Cambodia.ResultsIn early 2006, the Ministry of Health(MOH)’s N<strong>at</strong>ional Str<strong>at</strong>egy forReproductive <strong>and</strong> Sexual Health (NSRSH)in Cambodia (2006-2010) was designed toensure an effective <strong>and</strong> coordin<strong>at</strong>ed responseto reproductive health (RH) needs in thecountry. The NSRSH covers a number oftechnical programme areas: m<strong>at</strong>ernal <strong>and</strong>newborn health, adolescent reproductive<strong>and</strong> sexual health, family planning,reproductive tract/sexually transmittedinfections (STIs), gender-based violence,<strong>and</strong> early detection of cervical cancer. Thelinked response approach is aligned withthe overall framework between the <strong>HIV</strong>str<strong>at</strong>egic plan <strong>and</strong> prevention of motherto child transmission (PMTCT) str<strong>at</strong>egicplan, including reproductive healthstr<strong>at</strong>egies, in collabor<strong>at</strong>ion with two centresthe N<strong>at</strong>ional Centre for <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>AIDS</strong>Derm<strong>at</strong>ology <strong>and</strong> STD (NCHADS)<strong>and</strong> the N<strong>at</strong>ional M<strong>at</strong>ernal Child HealthCentre (NMCHC) to implement thisapproach by the joint-development of a<strong>HIV</strong> proposal, <strong>and</strong> comprehensive planswithin the continuum of care oper<strong>at</strong>ionalframework <strong>and</strong> yearly set targets.ConclusionThere is some evidence of linkage/integr<strong>at</strong>ion between <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>SRH</strong>services <strong>at</strong> service delivery level, but limitedevidence of specific policies or str<strong>at</strong>egies foran integr<strong>at</strong>ed <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>SRH</strong> programme.43
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