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مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issue<strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>ل</strong>بعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يينفي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين<strong>أ</strong>.‏ عب<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طيطي<strong>د</strong>.‏ سهير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>صب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>معة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong>د</strong>سsaheerquds@hotmail.com‏/<strong>ا</strong>خص<strong>ا</strong>ئي نفسي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ل</strong>خص ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>غة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عربية<strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>ل</strong>بعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين .ه<strong>د</strong>ف<strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>عرف إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>هم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من<strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين،‏ <strong>و</strong>إ<strong>ل</strong>ى معرفة فيم<strong>ا</strong> إذ<strong>ا</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن هن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك فر<strong>و</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>‏(جنس <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔخص<strong>ا</strong>ئي،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خصص،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ٔه<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>مي،‏ <strong>و</strong>سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خبرة).‏ <strong>و</strong>ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>بعً<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> ‏(عم<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>و</strong>مك<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سكن،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يمي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>و</strong>عمر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم).‏ <strong>ت</strong>ك<strong>و</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> عينة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة من<strong>أ</strong>خص<strong>ا</strong>ئي<strong>ا</strong>َ‏ من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong>ين في م<strong>و</strong>ٔسس<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ربية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>صة ‏(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>ك<strong>و</strong>مية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔه<strong>ل</strong>ية)‏ في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية ،آم<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ش<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ من <strong>أ</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية ‏(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong>،‏ بي<strong>ت</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>م،‏ ر<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه،‏ ن<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ل</strong>س،‏ <strong>و</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong>قي<strong>ل</strong>ة)،‏ <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>رهم بطریقة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عينة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عش<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طبقية،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>مث<strong>ل</strong> م<strong>ا</strong> نسب<strong>ت</strong>ه من مج<strong>ت</strong>مع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة.‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>نة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين <strong>و</strong>هي من إع<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ثثين.‏ <strong>و</strong> ق<strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>قق من ص<strong>د</strong>ق <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ة <strong>و</strong>ثب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong>.‏‏`<strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ت</strong> مع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>جة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بي<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئي<strong>ا</strong> عن طریق <strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بية،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>ریة،‏<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>آي<strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ین <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>مع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ط بيرس<strong>و</strong>ن<strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>ظهر<strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>أ</strong>ن م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صينآ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> مر<strong>ت</strong>فعة بم<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>آثره<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong> سمة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>بية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>سي.‏ آم<strong>ا</strong> بين<strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>أ</strong>نه <strong>ل</strong>م یكن هن<strong>ا</strong>ك فر<strong>و</strong>ق <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>جنس <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ٔه<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>مي <strong>و</strong>سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خبرة .في <strong>ح</strong>ين آ<strong>ا</strong>ن هن<strong>ا</strong>ك فر<strong>و</strong>ق <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خصص ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ل</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong> <strong>ت</strong>خصص ع<strong>ل</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفس.‏<strong>أ</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نسبة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> فق<strong>د</strong> بين<strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>أ</strong>ن م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين من<strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> مر<strong>ت</strong>فعة بم<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>أ</strong>همه<strong>ا</strong> سمة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>بية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>سي فيم<strong>ا</strong> بين<strong>ت</strong> ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة ع<strong>د</strong>م <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> ‏(مهنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>و</strong>مك<strong>ا</strong>ن سكن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يمي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>و</strong>عمر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم).‏<strong>و</strong>في ض<strong>و</strong>ء هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج خرج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن بمجم<strong>و</strong>عة من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>صي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> منه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔخص<strong>ا</strong>ئيين ع<strong>ل</strong>ى إع<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>شخيصي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔهم سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسي <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين <strong>و</strong>إع<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>أ</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>قييم م<strong>و</strong>ض<strong>و</strong>عية <strong>ت</strong>مكن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>ئمين في إع<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> بر<strong>ا</strong>مج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>خ<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مبكر <strong>و</strong>عم<strong>ل</strong> <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>جریبية <strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>د</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔخص<strong>ا</strong>ئيين <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عي.‏(Tukey)Abstract(%50).(One - Way ANOVA).(Pearson Correlation)(3.64)(3.76)(63)(42)<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ر(<strong>ت</strong>)‏ .(t-test)Traits of the psychology & social behavior of the children autistic by Autismin the northern governorates in regard to specialists and their mothers.1PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: IssueThe study aimed to recognizing the main traits of the Psychology & socialbehavior of those children infected by autism in the northern governorates and torecognize if there are any differences regarding six, major, qualifications andyears of experience according to specialists and if there are any differencesregarding variables such as occupation, residence, mothers' education and age.The study sample consisted of (42) specialists working in special EducationInstitutions (both governmental and private) in the northern governorates and (63)mothers of autistic children in the northern governorates ( Hebron, Bethlehem,Ramallah, Nablus and Kalkeelia ) .for the academic year (2006-2007) .Theclustered sample was chosen randomly .The sample represents.(50%) of thestudy population. The researcher used his own questionnaire concerning theTraits of the psychology & social behavior of the children autistic concerning tospecialists and mothers. The validity & The reliability was investigatedData was processed statistically by calculating the means, standard deviation (ttest,One – Way ANOVA, Tukey) and Pearson Correlation.The results show that the means of the Psychology & social behavior traits of theautistic children from specialist’s points of view was high with the means (3.76)and the main trait of the social behavior is the (secessionism) while disorder inthe perceptual behavior is the least common. The study also showed that there areno differences due to six or qualifications. However, there are differencesregarding major on the psychology.Concerning mothers, the study shows that the average of the Psychology & socialbehavior traits is high with mean of (3.64). The main trait is secessionism whiledisorder in the perceptual behavior is the least common. There are no differencesdue to mothers' education, occupation or age.The researchers have come out with certain recommendations to urging thespecialists to prepare a diagnostic guide of all traits of the Psychology & socialbehavior of the autistic children.Next, adopting subjective evaluation tools that enable supervisors to evaluate theEarly Interference Programmes to assess progress and improvement in the autedcharacter and to urge researchers to do experimental studies to help specialistsand mothers of the autistic children in treating the traits of the social behavior.<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مق<strong>د</strong>مة:‏یُع<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> من <strong>أ</strong>آثر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕع<strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ط<strong>و</strong>ریة صع<strong>و</strong>بةً‏ ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نسبة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>یه،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔفر<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔسرة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي ین<strong>ت</strong>مي إ<strong>ل</strong>يه<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>یع<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>ن هذ<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ن<strong>و</strong>ع من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕع<strong>ا</strong>قة ی<strong>ت</strong>ميز ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>غم<strong>و</strong>ض <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>غر<strong>ا</strong>بة،‏ <strong>و</strong>بغر<strong>ا</strong>بة <strong>أ</strong>نم<strong>ا</strong>ط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>جةعنه،<strong>و</strong>ب<strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>به بعض صف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ه مع صف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> ذ<strong>و</strong>ي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>صة،‏ فض<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً‏ عن <strong>أ</strong>ن هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕع<strong>ا</strong>قة <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج إ<strong>ل</strong>ىإشر<strong>ا</strong>ف مس<strong>ت</strong>مر من قب<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ین(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>زعبي،‏‎2003‎‏).‏آذ<strong>ل</strong>ك <strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ت</strong>بر إع<strong>ا</strong>قة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> من <strong>أ</strong>آثر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نم<strong>ا</strong>ئية <strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔثير<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>رئيسية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ظيفية،‏<strong>ح</strong>يث جذبَ‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي <strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ثين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسيين،‏ ف<strong>ا</strong>ٔسب<strong>ا</strong>به م<strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong>ة <strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> هذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب مثير<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong> من <strong>ح</strong>يث <strong>ت</strong>شخيصه <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>سب<strong>ا</strong>به <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>يبه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>جية).‏2PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issueف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> ن<strong>و</strong>ع من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕع<strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ط<strong>و</strong>ریة،‏ <strong>و</strong>ه<strong>و</strong> من <strong>أ</strong>آثر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕع<strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> صع<strong>و</strong>بة ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نسبة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>سر<strong>ت</strong>ه <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذي یظهرفي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ث<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ثة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ى،‏ <strong>ح</strong>يث یعيق عم<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>م <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عي،‏ <strong>و</strong>ی<strong>ت</strong>ميز <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>بقص<strong>و</strong>ر <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔخر في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نم<strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عي <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>آي <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>غ<strong>و</strong>ي عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong>.‏ <strong>و</strong>ی<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>جه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>و</strong>ن <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ن في مج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة مشك<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> آبيرة في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong> مع إع<strong>ا</strong>قة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>،‏ منه<strong>ا</strong> م<strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ق ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>آ<strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>ف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مبكر <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕع<strong>ا</strong>قة،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>شخيصه<strong>ا</strong>،‏<strong>و</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>جه<strong>ا</strong> ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕض<strong>ا</strong>فة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ل</strong> صف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong>خص<strong>ا</strong>ئص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> مع <strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong>إع<strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>أ</strong>خرى ق<strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ك<strong>و</strong>ن مص<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>بة<strong>ل</strong>ه <strong>أ</strong><strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ ، <strong>ل</strong>ذ<strong>ا</strong> ف<strong>ا</strong>ٕن <strong>ت</strong>شخيص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong>شخيص<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>د</strong>قيق<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ ب<strong>ت</strong>مييز <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔشخ<strong>ا</strong>ص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين عن غيرهم من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔفر<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مص<strong>ا</strong>بين ب<strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>أ</strong>خرى یس<strong>ت</strong><strong>ل</strong>زم إجر<strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>شخيص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>قيق بك<strong>ل</strong> <strong>أ</strong>ن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>عه مم<strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>ل</strong>زم <strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ن فریق من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطب<strong>ا</strong>ء<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسيين <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عيين <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>خص<strong>ا</strong>ئي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>طب <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طبية من <strong>أ</strong>ج<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>قيق <strong>أ</strong>فض<strong>ل</strong> ف<strong>ا</strong>ئ<strong>د</strong>ة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> مجم<strong>و</strong>عة من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔعر<strong>ا</strong>ض <strong>ت</strong>نط<strong>و</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ت</strong> مظ<strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ت</strong>شخيصية <strong>ت</strong>سمى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نفع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>مة،‏<strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong><strong>ل</strong>ف في <strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>و</strong>ن<strong>و</strong>عي<strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> من طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخر،‏ آم<strong>ا</strong> <strong>أ</strong>نه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> نفسه،‏ <strong>و</strong> <strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong><strong>ل</strong>ف هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔعر<strong>ا</strong>ض <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>یهب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>زی<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ة <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نقص<strong>ا</strong>ن،‏ <strong>و</strong>رغم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong>ی<strong>د</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔب<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>ث <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>أ</strong>جری<strong>ت</strong> خ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> نصف قرن من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>زمن فم<strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>أ</strong>سب<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> مجه<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ةً،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>يس هن<strong>ا</strong>ك س<strong>و</strong>ى فرضي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>أ</strong>سب<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> منه<strong>ا</strong>:‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>آية،‏ إض<strong>ا</strong>فةَ‏ إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔسب<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>كيمي<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>یة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>یة <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عصبية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بي<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>جية <strong>و</strong>من <strong>أ</strong>همه<strong>ا</strong>(‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمر<strong>ا</strong>ض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ثية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فير<strong>و</strong>سية ، <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طبية)‏ ‏(س<strong>ل</strong>يم<strong>ا</strong>ن،‏‎2001‎‏).‏<strong>و</strong>من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔس<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>يب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>جية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>ئ<strong>د</strong>ة في ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذي یع<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>د</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى مر<strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ين:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ى یق<strong>و</strong>م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج منه<strong>ا</strong> ب<strong>ت</strong>ز<strong>و</strong>ی<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> ب<strong>ا</strong>ٔآبر ق<strong>د</strong>ر من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>عيم <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>د</strong>یم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕشب<strong>ا</strong>ع <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>جنب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ط،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>نية یُرآز <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج فيه<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ت</strong>ط<strong>و</strong>یر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>ضمن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>رب ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔجي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕشب<strong>ا</strong>ع <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕرض<strong>ا</strong>ء.‏ <strong>و</strong>هن<strong>ا</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>آي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذي یق<strong>و</strong>م ع<strong>ل</strong>ى طرق <strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>د</strong>ی<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك س<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ء في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بي<strong>ت</strong> ب<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سطة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓب<strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>فى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مرآز <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>و</strong>م ع<strong>ل</strong>ىمب<strong>د</strong><strong>أ</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مك<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>ٔة في <strong>ح</strong>ين <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بيئي <strong>و</strong>ه<strong>و</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج طبي نفسي یق<strong>و</strong>م ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>د</strong>ی<strong>ل</strong> <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> ظر<strong>و</strong>ف <strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مریض <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> بيئ<strong>ت</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مب<strong>ا</strong>شرة،‏ <strong>أ</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طبي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذي یق<strong>ت</strong>صر ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ت</strong>خفيف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔعر<strong>ا</strong>ض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>آية <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>و</strong>یض غي<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔس<strong>ا</strong>سية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>مية مث<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong> <strong>و</strong>رع<strong>ا</strong>یة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong>یه<strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>مية <strong>و</strong>ه<strong>و</strong> منهج<strong>ت</strong>رب<strong>و</strong>ي یع<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>د</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى إ<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرصة <strong>ل</strong>ه<strong>و</strong>ٔ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ت</strong>ك<strong>ا</strong>ك <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong> مع رفق<strong>ا</strong>ئهم من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>یين به<strong>د</strong>ف مس<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>ت</strong>هم ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نم<strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طبيعي،‏ <strong>و</strong>من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي برز <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>م به<strong>ا</strong> <strong>أ</strong>یض<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نظ<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>غذ<strong>ا</strong>ئي <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>في<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>مين<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذي یع<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>د</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>م نظ<strong>ا</strong>م غذ<strong>ا</strong>ئي م<strong>ت</strong>بع مع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕض<strong>ا</strong>فة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى<strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>م في<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>مين <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذي ین<strong>ت</strong>ج عنه <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>سين<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>آيه مس<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>د</strong>ة في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>سن ن<strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔفض<strong>ل</strong>‏(خط<strong>ا</strong>ب،‏‎2005‎‏).‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ريخية <strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>:‏یمكن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕش<strong>ا</strong>رة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ریخ <strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> من ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>یة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي مر<strong>ت</strong> به<strong>ا</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>همن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>قرن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>ضي <strong>و</strong>ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>يمنذ <strong>ا</strong>آ<strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>فه ع<strong>ل</strong>ى ی<strong>د</strong> <strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>آ<strong>ا</strong>نر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مر<strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ى مر<strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>صفية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ى ، <strong>و</strong>هي <strong>ت</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>أ</strong>جری<strong>ت</strong> م<strong>ا</strong> بين <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سط<strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>خر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خمسين<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>قرن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>ضي،‏ <strong>و</strong>آ<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه<strong>د</strong>ف ه<strong>و</strong> <strong>و</strong>صف س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>ثر هذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك بصفة ع<strong>ا</strong>مة،‏ <strong>ح</strong>يث شخص<strong>ت</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>نه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>أ</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> ذُه<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة.‏ <strong>و</strong>ق<strong>د</strong> سع<strong>ت</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>كشفعن آثير من خص<strong>ا</strong>ئص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>أ</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ت</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي یمكن <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ضع في<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ر عن<strong>د</strong> <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>زر<strong>ا</strong>ع ،2004).<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مر<strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>نية <strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>مر<strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ى،‏ <strong>و</strong>في هذ<strong>ا</strong> یشير <strong>أ</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ثين <strong>و</strong>ه<strong>و</strong> فيك<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ر<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>ر(‏ Victorإ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>أ</strong>جری<strong>ت</strong> في هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مر<strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> منذ <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>خر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خمسين<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> فيط<strong>و</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>ریر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مب<strong>د</strong>ئية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓث<strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong>جمة عن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>و</strong>یمكن <strong>أ</strong>ن نس<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>ل</strong>ص منه<strong>ا</strong> ث<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ث م<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>أ</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>سية س<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>ت</strong>بشك<strong>ل</strong> ج<strong>و</strong>هري ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>كهن فيم<strong>ا</strong> بع<strong>د</strong> ب<strong>و</strong>ضع مع<strong>ا</strong>یير <strong>ت</strong>شخيصية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>و</strong>هي:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔآي<strong>د</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى<strong>أ</strong>همية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ط<strong>و</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مبكر <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>غة،‏ <strong>ح</strong>يث <strong>أ</strong>ن ع<strong>د</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>جي<strong>د</strong> <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>غة <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> یع<strong>د</strong> <strong>أ</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ٔشر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>:3‏(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>زریق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>‎2002‎‏،<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نج<strong>ا</strong>ر‎2006‎‏)‏ .(Leo Kanner,1943)(B6)- :: هي(Lotter ,1978PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issue<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مهمة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ی<strong>د</strong> <strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>،‏ <strong>ا</strong>نخف<strong>ا</strong>ض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عق<strong>ل</strong>ية آ<strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي یمكن <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ت</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong>م آم<strong>و</strong>ٔشر یع<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>د</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يه،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>خير<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>ني <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>م <strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>د</strong> هي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔخرى من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ٔشر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مهمة في <strong>ت</strong>شخيص <strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>‏(س<strong>ل</strong>يم<strong>ا</strong>ن،‏‎2001‎‏).‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مر<strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ثة : شه<strong>د</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ ث<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً‏ من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>ریر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>بعة <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>كثيرة في مج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> في عق<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ثم<strong>ا</strong>نين<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong>ب<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>یة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>سعين<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong>یشير آ<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong>(‏‎2003‎‏)‏ في سي<strong>ا</strong>ق هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مر<strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي یمكن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>أ</strong>نه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong>مرة <strong>ح</strong><strong>ت</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓن <strong>و</strong>ق<strong>د</strong> رآز<strong>ت</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى:<strong>أ</strong>همية <strong>ت</strong>ط<strong>و</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>غة ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نسبة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين <strong>و</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>صة في مر<strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مم<strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>ة من سن (6-1) سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>همية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>خ<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>خصص،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>و</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>ئ<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>شخيص <strong>و</strong>من ثم ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>صميم یضمن <strong>ل</strong>هم ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ضر<strong>و</strong>رة <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>ط<strong>و</strong>ر <strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة ه<strong>و</strong>ٔ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ء بشك<strong>ل</strong> جي<strong>د</strong> من <strong>أ</strong>ج<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>ریب في بعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معينة مث<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عم<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بية <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>سيقى ع<strong>ل</strong>ى سبي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مث<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>.<strong>و</strong>من هن<strong>ا</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>ضمنة في<strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>ریر <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مر<strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ثة <strong>أ</strong>آثر <strong>ت</strong>نظيم<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>و</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ض<strong>و</strong>عية من <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مر<strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بق<strong>ت</strong>ين<strong>ت</strong>ط<strong>و</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یب<strong>د</strong><strong>أ</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب قب<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ثة من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عمر في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>غ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عظمى من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> م<strong>ا</strong> یب<strong>د</strong><strong>أ</strong> بع<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>مسة <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سةمن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عمر ففي مر<strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>رض<strong>ا</strong>عة ‏(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>مين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ين من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عمر)‏ یصعب رص<strong>د</strong> مظ<strong>ا</strong>هر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب فيه<strong>ا</strong> ،ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شه<strong>و</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔخذ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔعر<strong>ا</strong>ض ص<strong>و</strong>رة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong>ء <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>غ فيه ف<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طم<strong>ا</strong>ٔنينة عن<strong>د</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>ت</strong>رك <strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ه آم<strong>ا</strong><strong>أ</strong>نه <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یخ<strong>ا</strong>ف من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>غرب<strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یر<strong>ت</strong>بط بهم <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> ی<strong>ت</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong> معهم فمع غي<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ت</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>مة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>د</strong><strong>أ</strong> في سن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شهرین،‏ <strong>و</strong>غي<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ت</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>مة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>عرف ‏(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong>ظهر ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ة في سن <strong>أ</strong>ربع شه<strong>و</strong>ر)‏ <strong>ت</strong>شك<strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم <strong>أ</strong>ن طف<strong>ل</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یعرفه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>یقب<strong>ل</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>يه<strong>ا</strong> عن<strong>د</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>قطه من فر<strong>ا</strong>شه(خط<strong>ا</strong>ب،‏‎2005‎‏).‏ <strong>أ</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> مس<strong>ا</strong>ر إع<strong>ا</strong>قة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> ف<strong>ت</strong>بقى مظ<strong>ا</strong>هر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب في<strong>أ</strong>غ<strong>ل</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> طي<strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>هم <strong>و</strong>بعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> ی<strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>سن <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong>هم <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>هم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عي <strong>و</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong>هم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>غ<strong>و</strong>یة عن<strong>د</strong> سن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>مسة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة،‏ <strong>و</strong>یمكن <strong>أ</strong>ن ی<strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ث <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>غ <strong>ت</strong>غير<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ في <strong>أ</strong>ي من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>هين ‏(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>سن <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>ه<strong>و</strong>ر)‏ <strong>و</strong>نسبة ق<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong>ةمن ه<strong>و</strong>ٔ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ت</strong>صب<strong>ح</strong> ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>رة فع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً‏ ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>جيه <strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> بشك<strong>ل</strong> مس<strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong> ب<strong>ا</strong>ٔق<strong>ل</strong> ق<strong>د</strong>ر من ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب.‏ ففي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مر<strong>ا</strong>هقة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔخرة مث<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً‏ یصب<strong>ح</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>یين رغبة في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ص<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>أ</strong>ن عجزهم عن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ت</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>و</strong>ع<strong>د</strong>م ق<strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong>هم<strong>أ</strong>ن یس<strong>ت</strong>جيب<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخرین <strong>و</strong>مش<strong>ا</strong>عرهم <strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>د</strong> عقبه في نم<strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ص<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>عريف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>عریف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong>عرف <strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>و</strong>س<strong>و</strong>ف نس<strong>ت</strong>عرض بعض هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>عریف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong>منه<strong>ا</strong>:‏<strong>ت</strong>عریف آ<strong>ا</strong>نر (Kanner فيرى <strong>أ</strong>ن إع<strong>ا</strong>قة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> هي <strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عز<strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ش<strong>د</strong>ی<strong>د</strong> <strong>و</strong>ع<strong>د</strong>م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong>د</strong>رة ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخرین <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong> معهم <strong>و</strong>ی<strong>و</strong>صف <strong>أ</strong>طف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> ب<strong>ا</strong>ٔن <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>یهم <strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ل</strong>غ<strong>و</strong>یة <strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ة.(Schopler,2001)<strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>ُعرف جمعية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمریكية(‏APA‏)‏ (American Psychiatric Association) <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذي <strong>ت</strong>بن<strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>:عب<strong>ا</strong>رة عن إع<strong>ا</strong>قة <strong>ت</strong>ط<strong>و</strong>ریة م<strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong>ة <strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>ضمن ث<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ث خص<strong>ا</strong>ئص<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>شخيصي <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئيهي:إع<strong>ا</strong>قة في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية،نم<strong>و</strong> <strong>ل</strong>غ<strong>و</strong>ي م<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔخر<strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong>من<strong>ح</strong>رف،‏ س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك طق<strong>و</strong>سي <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ذي <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕصر<strong>ا</strong>رع<strong>ل</strong>ى.(Aarons & Gittents ,2005).(DSM- IV):,1943 )<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>ث<strong>ل</strong>(‏IV,994‎ (DSM- .(The Autism Society of America)ف<strong>ت</strong>رى <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> یظهر بمظ<strong>ا</strong>هره<strong>أ</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>جمعية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمریكية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔس<strong>ا</strong>سية في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ث<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ثين شهر<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ى من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عمر <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>مس <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> آ<strong>ل</strong> من:‏ نسبة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نم<strong>و</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ط<strong>و</strong>ر <strong>و</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>ت</strong>بعه<strong>ا</strong>،‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>بة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>مثير<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>سية،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نطق <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>غة <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معرفية،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مر<strong>ت</strong>بطة ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong>س <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ث<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔشي<strong>ا</strong>ء(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>زریق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> ،2004).<strong>أ</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> مج<strong>ل</strong>س <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ح</strong>ث <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>طني <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمریكي (2001, National (Research Council فيرى <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> طيف<strong>ا</strong>ً‏من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>ن<strong>و</strong>عة في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ش<strong>د</strong>ة <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔعر<strong>ا</strong>ض <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عمر عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕص<strong>ا</strong>بة <strong>و</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ه ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔخرى‏(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕع<strong>ا</strong>قة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عق<strong>ل</strong>ية،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔخر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>غة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>صرع)،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>ن<strong>و</strong>ع <strong>أ</strong>عر<strong>ا</strong>ض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> بين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>و</strong>ضمن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> نفسه4PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issueبمر<strong>و</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>زمن ف<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك منفر<strong>د</strong> بشك<strong>ل</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئم <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك یس<strong>ت</strong>ثني <strong>ت</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>ئي<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ من <strong>ت</strong>شخيص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ت</strong>ى مع <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>به<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> ق<strong>و</strong>یة خص<strong>و</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عي<strong>و</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية ‏(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عب<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ي،‏‎2006‎‏).‏<strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>خير<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ عرفه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ٔ<strong>ت</strong>مر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذي عق<strong>د</strong> في <strong>ا</strong>نج<strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong> عن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> في ب<strong>ا</strong>ٔنه <strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب نم<strong>و</strong> ط<strong>و</strong>ی<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>د</strong>ىی<strong>و</strong>ٔثر ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔفر<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> طي<strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>هم <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>رآز <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مشك<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ت</strong>ي من هذ<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ت</strong>يمشك<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية،‏ مشك<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> في س<strong>ا</strong>ئر <strong>أ</strong>ن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> س<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ء آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ل</strong>فظية <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> غير<strong>ل</strong>فظية،‏ مشك<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> في رؤیة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م من <strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه <strong>و</strong>مشك<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>مه من خبر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ه،مشك<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>ك<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>عب <strong>و</strong>بعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔخرى<strong>و</strong>من خ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>عریف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بقة <strong>و</strong>مر<strong>ا</strong>جعة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>د</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>رب<strong>و</strong>ي یرى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> ه<strong>و</strong>"إع<strong>ا</strong>قة من إع<strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نم<strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>ظهر منذ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ة <strong>ح</strong><strong>ت</strong>ى سن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ثة من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عمر ب<strong>ح</strong>يث <strong>ت</strong>ظهر ع<strong>ل</strong>يه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong>ميز <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي من<strong>أ</strong>همه<strong>ا</strong> قص<strong>و</strong>ر في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عي <strong>ح</strong>يث ینشغ<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي بذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ه <strong>أ</strong>آثر من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نشغ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>رجي،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یقيم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>أ</strong>ي ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>قة مع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخرین <strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>ت</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong> بهم إ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> ق<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً،‏ مع نزعة <strong>ا</strong>نط<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئية <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>بيه <strong>ت</strong>عز<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذي یع<strong>ا</strong>ني منه<strong>ا</strong> عن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong>يط ب<strong>ح</strong>يث یعيش منغ<strong>ل</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ ع<strong>ل</strong>ى نفسه،‏ <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یك<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> ی<strong>ح</strong>س بم<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه <strong>و</strong>من ی<strong>ح</strong>يطبه من <strong>أ</strong>فر<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>أ</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ث <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> ظ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>هر،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> سبب رئيس <strong>و</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> آم<strong>ا</strong> <strong>أ</strong>نه <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج ش<strong>ا</strong>فٍ‏ من<strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong>ق<strong>د</strong> یك<strong>و</strong>ن <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين ق<strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong><strong>ت</strong> خ<strong>ا</strong>صة في بعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>نب،‏ <strong>و</strong>ق<strong>د</strong> یك<strong>و</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>خ<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مبكر من<strong>أ</strong>فض<strong>ل</strong> طرق <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>سين <strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي".‏<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong><strong>ل</strong>ف نسب <strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> بسبب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ین في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong>ك<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong>مة في <strong>ت</strong>شخيصه،‏ <strong>و</strong>ع<strong>د</strong>م <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>أ</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>شخيصية <strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>د</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>د</strong>یر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ض<strong>و</strong>عي،‏ إ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>ن<strong>و</strong>ع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مج<strong>ت</strong>مع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>أ</strong>جری<strong>ت</strong> فيه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>،‏ إض<strong>ا</strong>فة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نظریة ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>قة ق<strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong>عطي م<strong>و</strong>ٔشر<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ ع<strong>ل</strong>مي<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ یمكن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ث<strong>و</strong>ق فيهص<strong>د</strong>یق،‏‎2005‎‏).‏<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> (5-2) <strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ة <strong>ح</strong>يةففي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي ق<strong>ا</strong>م به<strong>ا</strong>طبيعية،‏ <strong>و</strong>هذ<strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>و</strong>ٔآ<strong>د</strong> م<strong>ا</strong> سبق <strong>أ</strong>ن ج<strong>ا</strong>ء في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>شخيصي(‏DSM-IV‏)‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذي یشير إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي(خمسة)<strong>أ</strong>طف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> في آ<strong>ل</strong> (10.000) طف<strong>ل</strong> یص<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>و</strong>ن ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>أ</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> عن نسب <strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مج<strong>ت</strong>مع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> ف<strong>ت</strong>شير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> م<strong>ا</strong> یق<strong>ا</strong>رب من(‏‎36.000‎‏)‏ <strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ی<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمریكية <strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> ‏(بن ص<strong>د</strong>یق ،2005). <strong>أ</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>و</strong>ی<strong>د</strong> فق<strong>د</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong>(‏Janzen,2003‎‏)‏ إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>ن نسب <strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>د</strong>ر ب<strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي (7) <strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>(‏‎10.000‎‏)‏ <strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ة.‏<strong>و</strong>في <strong>ا</strong>نج<strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong> م<strong>ا</strong>بين (30-20) <strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong> (10.000) <strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ة<strong>أ</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عربية ف<strong>ل</strong>م ی<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن إ<strong>ل</strong>ى نسب <strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>د</strong>قيقة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕع<strong>ا</strong>قة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ن<strong>د</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>مية م<strong>و</strong>ض<strong>و</strong>عية <strong>و</strong>إنم<strong>ا</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>د</strong>یر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>خمينية،‏ فمث<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یق<strong>د</strong>ر ب<strong>د</strong>ر(‏‎2004‎‏)‏ ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين فيجمه<strong>و</strong>ریة مصر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عربية <strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> ب<strong>ا</strong>ٔنه ی<strong>ت</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong> م<strong>ا</strong> بين <strong>أ</strong><strong>ل</strong>ف طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>و</strong>یرى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>أ</strong>ن هذ<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong>یف<strong>و</strong>ق <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔع<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>د</strong>مة بكثير،هذ<strong>ا</strong> إذ<strong>ا</strong> <strong>أ</strong>خذن<strong>ا</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نسب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>يه<strong>ا</strong> من<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>مية.‏ <strong>و</strong>في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مم<strong>ل</strong>كة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عربية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سع<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong>یة ف<strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>د</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>مي ‏:<strong>أ</strong> (2004) ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یينطف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>شير مص<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ر مس<strong>ت</strong>شفى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ل</strong>ك فيص<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خصصي <strong>و</strong>مرآز <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong>ث في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ری<strong>ا</strong>ض إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>نه ی<strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>آ<strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>أ</strong>آثر من (300) <strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة مص<strong>ا</strong>بة ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> سن<strong>و</strong>ی<strong>ا</strong>ً.‏ <strong>أ</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔر<strong>د</strong>ن فيشير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شيخ ذیب <strong>أ</strong>نه یمكن <strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>د</strong>یر ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔفر<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين م<strong>ا</strong> بين(‏‎8000-7500‎‏)‏ طف<strong>ل</strong>،‏ ی<strong>ح</strong>ظ<strong>و</strong>ن ب<strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>م م<strong>ت</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong>ی<strong>د</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>یين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>رسمي <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>و</strong>في ف<strong>ل</strong>سطين فيق<strong>د</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> ‏(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong>،‏ بي<strong>ت</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>م،‏ ر<strong>ا</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه،‏ ن<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ل</strong>س،‏ق<strong>ل</strong>قي<strong>ل</strong>ية)‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذین <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ح</strong>صرهم ب(‏‎126‎‏)‏ طف<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>یه إع<strong>ا</strong>قة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong>فيم<strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ق بنسبة <strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>و</strong>فق<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>جنس،‏ <strong>أ</strong>ظهر<strong>ت</strong> ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> یظهربنسبة <strong>أ</strong>آبر <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذآ<strong>و</strong>ر عن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕن<strong>ا</strong>ث <strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي إ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕن<strong>ا</strong>ث <strong>أ</strong>ش<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذآ<strong>و</strong>ر،‏ <strong>ح</strong>يث یشير<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ریخهن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔسري إ<strong>ل</strong>ى آثرة <strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ضعف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عق<strong>ل</strong>ي <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>یهن عن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذآ<strong>و</strong>ر(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>زریق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>،‏‎2004‎‏)‏ .(6000):) نب(10.000).(Gelberzon,2001)(2004)(1999/11).( Mulhern,1999).(200-100).5(1:4)(Murno,2003):PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issue.<strong>و</strong>فيم<strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ق بنسبة <strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>ر إع<strong>ا</strong>قة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> بين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طبق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ثق<strong>ا</strong>فية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong><strong>ل</strong>فة فيشير 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<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یرى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>أ</strong>نه ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>رغم من <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> صع<strong>و</strong>بة <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> نسب <strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> في منطقة م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> ب<strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong> م<strong>ا</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>أ</strong>نهن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك ظ<strong>ا</strong>هرة <strong>و</strong>هي <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>ر إع<strong>ا</strong>قة 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<strong>ا</strong>آ<strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>ف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>د</strong><strong>أ</strong> بع<strong>د</strong> سنسن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong>ه<strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذي ی<strong>ت</strong>م فيه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>آ<strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>ف <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>شخيص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مبكر <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>.‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>شخيص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕآ<strong>ل</strong>ينيكيعن<strong>د</strong> 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<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕآ<strong>ل</strong>ينيكي من:‏ طبيب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طبيب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسي،‏<strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>صي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نطق،‏ طبيب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔنف <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔذن <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>نجرة،‏ طبيب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔعص<strong>ا</strong>ب،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔخص<strong>ا</strong>ئي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسي.‏<strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong>ين ی<strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ت</strong>شخيص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>أ</strong>نه <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>یه <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> ف<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> ب<strong>د</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ط<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ع ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طرق <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>شخيص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي منه<strong>ا</strong>:‏<strong>ت</strong>شخيص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>و</strong>فق <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>شخيصي <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>بع(3):(DSM-IV)Of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (1994)Manual.(.:.(.:..(...(DSM-IV)DiagnosticStatistical(2) ، (1):.1.2<strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>شخيص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> ب<strong>ا</strong>ٔنه <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>یه <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> یجب <strong>أ</strong>ن یظهر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عي<strong>و</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية قب<strong>ل</strong> سن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ثة من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عمر،‏ خ<strong>ا</strong>صة <strong>ا</strong>ذ<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>فر<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ة في آ<strong>ل</strong> من جزء <strong>و</strong>(‏‎3‎‏)‏ ، ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕض<strong>ا</strong>فة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى (6) ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔق<strong>ل</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مجم<strong>و</strong>ع:‏إع<strong>ا</strong>قة ن<strong>و</strong>عية في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عي،‏ آم<strong>ا</strong> ه<strong>و</strong> ظ<strong>ا</strong>هر ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔق<strong>ل</strong> في <strong>ا</strong>ثن<strong>ت</strong>ين من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية<strong>أ</strong>-‏ <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>عم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> ق<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>آ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> غير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>فظية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong>شير إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عي مث<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>قة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عين <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>عبير<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>جه <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخرین ‏(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ت</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>مة <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عب<strong>و</strong>س <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخرین،‏ آم<strong>ا</strong> ه<strong>و</strong> من<strong>ا</strong>سب <strong>و</strong>ضع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>جسم یعكس <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>مب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخرین ‏(مث<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شخص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>م ‏)<strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> إیم<strong>ا</strong>ء<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> ‏(مث<strong>ل</strong> عم<strong>ل</strong> مع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>مة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓب<strong>ا</strong>ءب-‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فش<strong>ل</strong> في <strong>ت</strong>ط<strong>و</strong>یر ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> ص<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>قة آم<strong>ا</strong> یفع<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخرین<strong>ت</strong>-‏ قص<strong>و</strong>ر في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ح</strong>ث <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عف<strong>و</strong>ي <strong>ل</strong>مش<strong>ا</strong>رآة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخرین <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>ع <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>صي<strong>ل</strong> مث<strong>ل</strong> قص<strong>و</strong>ر في<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عرض <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>د</strong>یم <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕش<strong>ا</strong>رة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔشي<strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مهمةث-‏ قص<strong>و</strong>ر في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نفع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية-<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسيةإع<strong>ا</strong>قة ن<strong>و</strong>عية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong>،‏ آم<strong>ا</strong> هي ظ<strong>ا</strong>هرة ب<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔق<strong>ل</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية<strong>أ</strong>-‏ <strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔخر <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> غي<strong>ا</strong>ب آ<strong>ل</strong>ي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>غة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>منط<strong>و</strong>قة ب-‏ <strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>ن م<strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong>ظ في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مب<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>رة <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ثة<strong>ت</strong>-‏ <strong>ل</strong>غة غير م<strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>فة <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> غير <strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ت</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>یة <strong>و</strong>مش<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ت</strong>كر<strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ل</strong>جم<strong>ل</strong> م<strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong>ة <strong>و</strong>عكس <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>ضم<strong>ا</strong>ئر.‏ث-‏ ضعف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ظ<strong>ا</strong>هر ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>عب <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخرین في مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى من<strong>ا</strong>سب <strong>ل</strong>عمر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong>‎3‎‏.<strong>أ</strong>نم<strong>ا</strong>ط <strong>ت</strong>كر<strong>ا</strong>ریة <strong>و</strong>نمطية من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>آي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔنشطة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong>ة آم<strong>ا</strong> هي ظ<strong>ا</strong>هرة ب<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔق<strong>ل</strong>من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية<strong>أ</strong>-‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نشغ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> ب<strong>ا</strong>ٔنشطة <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>أ</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>ب م<strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong>ة <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>قي<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ذي ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔنشطة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ر<strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>ينية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طق<strong>و</strong>سيةب-‏ <strong>ح</strong>رآ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> نمطية <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>كر<strong>ا</strong>ریة مث<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ی<strong>ح</strong> ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔی<strong>د</strong>ي <strong>و</strong>ضرب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ر<strong>أ</strong>سث-‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نشغ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> ب<strong>ا</strong>ٔجز<strong>ا</strong>ء من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔشي<strong>ا</strong>ء ‏(مث<strong>ل</strong> ی<strong>د</strong> <strong>ل</strong>عبة ب<strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> من آ<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>عبة <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>عم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> غير <strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ت</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ي <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong>غير م<strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ف<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔشي<strong>ا</strong>ء.‏خص<strong>ا</strong>ئص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين <strong>و</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>هم:‏<strong>أ</strong>ن س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>أ</strong>ي فر<strong>د</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یك<strong>و</strong>ن مم<strong>ا</strong>ث<strong>ل</strong> <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> ص<strong>و</strong>رة طبق <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔص<strong>ل</strong> من س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك شخص <strong>ا</strong>ٓخر بسبب ظر<strong>و</strong>ف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بيئة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>رجية،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ن<strong>و</strong>ع في س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔفر<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>،‏ ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> شك <strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>د</strong> ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>أ</strong>همية آبيرة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>طه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مب<strong>ا</strong>شر6PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issue7ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong>ی<strong>د</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>نب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ت</strong>ة في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شخصية.‏ <strong>و</strong>ب<strong>و</strong>جه ع<strong>ا</strong>م یمكن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕش<strong>ا</strong>رة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕع<strong>ا</strong>قة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> من خ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> عرض بعض<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خص<strong>ا</strong>ئص منه<strong>ا</strong>:‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خص<strong>ا</strong>ئص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسيةی<strong>ت</strong>صف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي بمجم<strong>و</strong>عة من ر<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فع<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نفع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية-<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية ، مث<strong>ل</strong> نقص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ف من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔخط<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>قيقية،‏ فق<strong>د</strong> یشعر ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذعر من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔشي<strong>ا</strong>ء غير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ض<strong>ا</strong>رة،إض<strong>ا</strong>فة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>ره <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong>د</strong>رة ع<strong>ل</strong>ى فهم مش<strong>ا</strong>عر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔشخ<strong>ا</strong>صمن <strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه،‏ فق<strong>د</strong> یض<strong>ح</strong>ك <strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ق<strong>و</strong>ع شخص <strong>أ</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>مه،‏ <strong>و</strong>ق<strong>د</strong> ی<strong>ت</strong>عرض <strong>ل</strong>ن<strong>و</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بك<strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>صر<strong>ا</strong>خ <strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong>ن سبب <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong>،‏<strong>و</strong>ق<strong>د</strong> <strong>أ</strong>سفر<strong>ت</strong> ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة ق<strong>ا</strong>م به<strong>ا</strong> ب<strong>د</strong>ر(‏‎1997‎‏)‏ إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي ق<strong>د</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یب<strong>ت</strong>سم <strong>و</strong>ق<strong>د</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یض<strong>ح</strong>ك <strong>و</strong>إذ<strong>ا</strong> ض<strong>ح</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یعبر ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك عن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مر<strong>ح</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>یه <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بعض <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یع<strong>ا</strong>نق <strong>ح</strong><strong>ت</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>مه،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بعض <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یظهر <strong>أ</strong>ي مظ<strong>ا</strong>هر <strong>ا</strong>نفع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية آ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>هشة <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>زن <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فر<strong>ح</strong>،‏ مع ع<strong>د</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>قر<strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نفع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بي<strong>ت</strong> <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>د</strong>رسة <strong>و</strong>ق<strong>د</strong> یق<strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخرین في بعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>عبير<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نفع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية-<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong>ن فهم <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong> ‏(خط<strong>ا</strong>ب،‏‎2005‎‏).‏<strong>و</strong>یرى آ<strong>ا</strong>نر(‏Kanner‏)‏ إن من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ممكن <strong>و</strong>صف س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> بمعي<strong>ا</strong>رین <strong>أ</strong>ثنين من خ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ظة ‏،<strong>و</strong>هم<strong>ا</strong>:‏عز<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفس <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ش<strong>د</strong>ی<strong>د</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕصر<strong>ا</strong>ر ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>ث<strong>ل</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذي یظهر ه<strong>و</strong> مق<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>مة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>غيير في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بيئةب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ر<strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>ين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>مي مع مظ<strong>ا</strong>هر س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك نمطية <strong>ت</strong>ظهر في <strong>ح</strong>رآ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> نمطية <strong>ت</strong>كر<strong>ا</strong>ریة بسيطة.‏ <strong>و</strong>یرى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>أ</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين ی<strong>ت</strong>سم<strong>و</strong>ن بخص<strong>ا</strong>ئص س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>آية مميزة یمكن <strong>و</strong>صفه<strong>ا</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>نه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>أ</strong>نم<strong>ا</strong>ط س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>آية غير من<strong>ا</strong>سبة<strong>و</strong>غير م<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئمة <strong>ل</strong>عمر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> منه<strong>ا</strong> م<strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ق بع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔآ<strong>ل</strong>،‏ <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شرب،‏ <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ن<strong>و</strong>م،‏ <strong>ح</strong>يث یمي<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ن إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نمطية في<strong>ت</strong>صرف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>هم،‏ فهم ی<strong>ت</strong>مسك<strong>و</strong>ن ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>بة <strong>و</strong>یق<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>غيير،‏ فغ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ م<strong>ا</strong> یخ<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>و</strong>ن ن<strong>و</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً‏ من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔآ<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong>نعنه <strong>و</strong>یم<strong>ت</strong>نع<strong>و</strong>ن عن بقية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔخرى من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طع<strong>ا</strong>م <strong>و</strong>یمي<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ن إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ت</strong>كر<strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نش<strong>ا</strong>ط من <strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong>ن <strong>ت</strong>ط<strong>و</strong>یر،‏ <strong>و</strong>یشعر<strong>و</strong>نب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>ر <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong>ق عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong>غيير ر<strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>ينهم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>مي.‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خص<strong>ا</strong>ئص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عيةإن بعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>آي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي یمكن <strong>ت</strong>فسيره<strong>ا</strong> في ض<strong>و</strong>ء عجزه عن م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>آ<strong>ا</strong>ة س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخرین<strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>د</strong>هم،‏ فمث<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong>يس بمق<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي <strong>أ</strong>ن یب<strong>ت</strong>سم <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذي یب<strong>ت</strong>سم <strong>ل</strong>ه،‏ <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>أ</strong>ن یصفق <strong>ح</strong>ينم<strong>ا</strong> یصفق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخر<strong>و</strong>ن،‏ <strong>و</strong>في آ<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> ف<strong>ا</strong>ٕن من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong> <strong>أ</strong>ن مص<strong>د</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕخف<strong>ا</strong>ق <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين فيم<strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ق ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عي ه<strong>و</strong> ع<strong>د</strong>م ق<strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong>هم ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مش<strong>ا</strong>عر في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔق<strong>ل</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عجز عن فهم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طبيعة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية في عم<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عينرى <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ثين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذین ق<strong>ا</strong>رن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong> بين ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي مع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخرین <strong>و</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ي <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>أ</strong>نهن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ آبير<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ بين ن<strong>و</strong>عية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ت</strong>ين،‏ ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یُظهر <strong>أ</strong><strong>د</strong>نى ق<strong>د</strong>ر من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>م ب<strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخرین،‏آم<strong>ا</strong> <strong>أ</strong>نه <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> ینظر <strong>أ</strong>ب<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong> في <strong>و</strong>جه <strong>أ</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عكس من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ي ‏(عب<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه،‏‎2001‎‏).‏<strong>و</strong>من خ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>عر<strong>ا</strong>ض <strong>و</strong>جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خص<strong>ا</strong>ئص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية یرى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عجز في <strong>ت</strong>ك<strong>و</strong>ین<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>د</strong> <strong>أ</strong>هم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خص<strong>ا</strong>ئص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مميزة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ح</strong>ُ<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ت</strong> مظ<strong>ا</strong>هرُه<strong>ا</strong> في<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نق<strong>ا</strong>ط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ت</strong>ية:<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عجز فيإق<strong>ا</strong>مة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عجز في إق<strong>ا</strong>مة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> مع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخرین،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>خير<strong>ا</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عجز في <strong>ت</strong>بني مفه<strong>و</strong>م <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>ص<strong>و</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عي.‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خص<strong>ا</strong>ئص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>رآية :یص<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي إ<strong>ل</strong>ى مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نم<strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>رآي یك<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> یم<strong>ا</strong>ث<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ي من نفس سنه مع <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔخربسيط في مع<strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نم<strong>و</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>أ</strong>ن هن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك بعض ج<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>نب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نم<strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>رآي <strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong> غير ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>یة ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين <strong>ل</strong>هم مث<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً‏<strong>ل</strong>هم طریقة خ<strong>ا</strong>صة في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ق<strong>و</strong>ف آيقف<strong>و</strong>ن <strong>و</strong>رؤ<strong>و</strong>سهم من<strong>ح</strong>نية آم<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>ح</strong>م<strong>ل</strong>ق<strong>و</strong>ن <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>أ</strong>ق<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>مهم ‏(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>مي:ب.(2004،<strong>و</strong>عن<strong>د</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>رآ<strong>و</strong>ن ف<strong>ا</strong>ٕن آثير<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ منهم <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>ح</strong>رك ذر<strong>ا</strong>عية إ<strong>ل</strong>ى ج<strong>ا</strong>نبيه <strong>و</strong>في معظم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ن یكرر<strong>و</strong>ن <strong>ح</strong>رآ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> معينة مث<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً‏یضرب<strong>و</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔرض ب<strong>ا</strong>ٔق<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>مهم إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم<strong>ا</strong>م <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ل</strong>ف بشك<strong>ل</strong> م<strong>ت</strong>كرر <strong>و</strong>في بعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ن ق<strong>د</strong> ی<strong>ح</strong>رآ<strong>و</strong>ن <strong>أ</strong>ی<strong>د</strong>یهم<strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>رج<strong>ل</strong>هم في شك<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ح</strong>رآة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ط<strong>ا</strong>ئر <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>آي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>كررة <strong>ت</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong>بط ب<strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> یك<strong>و</strong>ن<strong>و</strong>ن فيه<strong>ا</strong> مب<strong>ت</strong>هجين <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> مس<strong>ت</strong>غرقين.(Siegel,1996)<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>آية ::PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issue:في بعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خبر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>سية مث<strong>ل</strong> مش<strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>د</strong>ة مص<strong>د</strong>ر <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>ن<strong>و</strong>ر یضيء <strong>و</strong>یطفئ.‏ <strong>و</strong>ی<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ظ في بعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>آي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>رآيةعن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي مث<strong>ل</strong> فرط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نش<strong>ا</strong>ط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong>ئ<strong>د</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>نية غ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong> م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ك<strong>و</strong>ن ب<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong>ن <strong>أ</strong>ي سبب ظ<strong>ا</strong>هر،‏ <strong>و</strong>یك<strong>و</strong>ن ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>جً<strong>ا</strong>بسبب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>غيير في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ر<strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>ين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>مي ‏(خط<strong>ا</strong>ب،‏‎2005‎‏).‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خص<strong>ا</strong>ئص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عق<strong>ل</strong>ية-<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معرفيةآثير من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي ق<strong>د</strong> یغ<strong>ل</strong>ق <strong>أ</strong>ُذنيه <strong>ح</strong>ين یسمع ص<strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>ح</strong>ب <strong>أ</strong>ن یسمعه <strong>و</strong>هذ<strong>ا</strong> م<strong>ا</strong> یط<strong>ل</strong>ق ع<strong>ل</strong>يه<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>ئية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>هفيم<strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ق ب<strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ث <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بيئة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي یعيش<strong>و</strong>ن فيه<strong>ا</strong>،<strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>س <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي <strong>ل</strong>يس<strong>ت</strong> م<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>یزة مث<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>س <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ي.‏آم<strong>ا</strong> <strong>أ</strong>نه یس<strong>ت</strong>جيب <strong>ل</strong>خبر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>سية بطریقة ش<strong>ا</strong>ذة غریبة،‏ فه<strong>و</strong> في بعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ن ی<strong>ت</strong>صرف آم<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ل</strong>يس <strong>ل</strong>ه خبرةب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔص<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔشك<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ر<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئ<strong>ح</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>يطه،‏ ب<strong>ل</strong> <strong>و</strong>آ<strong>ا</strong>ٔنه <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یشعر ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔشي<strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي ی<strong>ل</strong>مسه<strong>ا</strong> فق<strong>د</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یس<strong>ت</strong>جيب <strong>ل</strong>ص<strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>مر<strong>ت</strong>فع،‏ آم<strong>ا</strong> ق<strong>د</strong> یب<strong>د</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ل</strong>شخص یعرفه جي<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً‏ من قب<strong>ل</strong>.<strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>یض<strong>ا</strong> ق<strong>د</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یب<strong>د</strong>ي مب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ل</strong>م <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بر<strong>د</strong> بينم<strong>ا</strong> في <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>أ</strong>خرى ق<strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سه س<strong>ل</strong>يمة <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>أ</strong>نه ق<strong>د</strong> یشعر بخشخشة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ق،‏ <strong>و</strong>ق<strong>د</strong> ی<strong>ح</strong>م<strong>ل</strong>ق بشك<strong>ل</strong> مقص<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong>ى مص<strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong><strong>ل</strong>ض<strong>و</strong>ء،‏ <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong>ى مصب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong> مض<strong>ا</strong>ء ‏(آ<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong>،‏‎2003‎‏).‏<strong>و</strong>یذآر مصطفى <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين نسبة ذآ<strong>ا</strong>ئهم <strong>أ</strong><strong>د</strong>نى من ‏(‏‎55-50‎‏)(<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>ل</strong>ف<strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>أ</strong>آثرعق<strong>ل</strong>ي م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط،‏ ش<strong>د</strong>ی<strong>د</strong> <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> عميق <strong>و</strong>(‏‎%30‎‏)‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خص<strong>ا</strong>ئص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>غ<strong>و</strong>ية:‏نج<strong>د</strong> في آثير من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عجز <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>فظي <strong>و</strong>غير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>فظي <strong>و</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>ت</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong>ب ع<strong>ل</strong>ى هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سمةمن صع<strong>و</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong>مشك<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>غة <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>طب من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم<strong>و</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong>ميز <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي عن غيره من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>یين،‏ <strong>و</strong>ق<strong>د</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong>نم<strong>و</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>یهم <strong>ل</strong>غة مفه<strong>و</strong>مة <strong>ت</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>د</strong>هم ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong> مع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخرین،‏ <strong>أ</strong>م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخر من ه<strong>و</strong>ٔ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> ف<strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>یه صع<strong>و</strong>بة <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>أ</strong>آثر في ص<strong>و</strong>رة من ص<strong>و</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong> ‏(نصر،‏‎2002‎‏).‏<strong>و</strong>في ض<strong>و</strong>ء م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong>م ذآره <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>أ</strong>ن هن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك <strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>جة م<strong>ا</strong>سة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ح</strong>ث في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين،‏ <strong>و</strong>من هن<strong>ا</strong> ج<strong>ا</strong>ء<strong>ت</strong> هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>همي<strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong>.‏مشك<strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>سئ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> :بع<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ط<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>و</strong>مر<strong>ا</strong>جع<strong>ت</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong>ی<strong>د</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ٔسس<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معنية ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ربية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>صة في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية،‏ <strong>ت</strong>بين<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ثين <strong>أ</strong>ن هن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً‏ من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين <strong>و</strong>هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> في-‏ <strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ثين <strong>ل</strong>م ی<strong>ت</strong>م <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> منقب<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ثين،‏ <strong>ل</strong>ذ<strong>ا</strong> فق<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>أ</strong>همية <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>قص<strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>ا</strong>ٓر<strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة بعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين خ<strong>ا</strong>صة <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔخص<strong>ا</strong>ئيين هم <strong>أ</strong>ص<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معرفة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ى في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong>د</strong>رة ع<strong>ل</strong>ى<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>كشف عن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين،‏ إض<strong>ا</strong>فة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ت</strong>بر هي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔقرب إ<strong>ل</strong>ىطف<strong>ل</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong>بذ<strong>ل</strong>ك <strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ل</strong>خص مشك<strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>و</strong>ٔ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>رئيس ‏"م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين؟".‏<strong>و</strong>ينبثق عن س<strong>و</strong>ٔ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>رئيس <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔسئ<strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرعية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>يةم<strong>ا</strong> م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهةنظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين؟ه<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى في م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غيرجنس <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>ص،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>خصص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>ص،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ٔه<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>مي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>ص،‏ <strong>و</strong>سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> خبرة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>ص؟م<strong>ا</strong> م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهةنظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>؟-.( α ≤ 0.05)(%40)نسب ذآ<strong>ا</strong>ئهم (70) IQ:((2001)(%50).7.7.1.2.1.2.38PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issue( α ≤ 0.05):.4ه<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى في م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غيرمهنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>و</strong>مك<strong>ا</strong>ن سكن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يمي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>و</strong>عمر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم؟فرضي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕج<strong>ا</strong>بة ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>سئ<strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong>ی<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔسئ<strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>صفریة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية:( α ≤ 0.05)(4,2):<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى في م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غيرجنس <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>أ</strong>نفسهم.‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>نية : <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى في م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خصص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>مي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>أ</strong>نفسهم.‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ثة:‏ <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى في م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ٔه<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>مي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>أ</strong>نفسهم.‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>بعة <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى في م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غيرسن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> خبرة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>أ</strong>نفسهم.‏في م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>مسة : <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>عزى<strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير عم<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم .في م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة : <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>عزى<strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير مك<strong>ا</strong>ن سكن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم.‏في م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بعة:‏ <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>عزى<strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يمي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم.‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>منة : <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى في م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غيرعمر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم<strong>أ</strong>ه<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة<strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>د</strong>ف هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>قيق مجم<strong>و</strong>عة من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔه<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عم<strong>ل</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>قيقه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>و</strong>من <strong>أ</strong>همه<strong>ا</strong>:‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>عرف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>برز <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من<strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>.‏معرفة إن آ<strong>ا</strong>ن هن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك فر<strong>و</strong>ق في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> ‏(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>جنس،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خصص،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ٔه<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>مي،‏<strong>و</strong>سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خبرة).‏معرفة إن آ<strong>ا</strong>ن هن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك فر<strong>و</strong>ق في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> ‏(مهنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>و</strong>مك<strong>ا</strong>ن سكن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يمي<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>و</strong>عمر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم).‏( α( α( α( α ≤ 0.05)( α ≤ 0.05)( α ≤ 0.05)≤ 0.05)≤ 0.05)≤ 0.05)( α ≤ 0.05): <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>:..1.2.39PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issue<strong>أ</strong>همية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة<strong>ت</strong>نبع <strong>أ</strong>همية هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة من آ<strong>و</strong>نه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ح</strong>ث في بعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> 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ممن<strong>ت</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>أ</strong>عم<strong>ا</strong>رهم بين(‏‎9-5‎‏)‏ سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong>خرج<strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة ب<strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية بين <strong>أ</strong>فر<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مجم<strong>و</strong>عة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>جریبية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مجم<strong>و</strong>عة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ض<strong>ا</strong>بطة ع<strong>ل</strong>ى 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<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕض<strong>ا</strong>فة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى.((10(10).10:.(2005)(16-8 سنة)‏(2004).1.2.3.4.5PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issue<strong>ت</strong>ط<strong>و</strong>ر مه<strong>ا</strong>رة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>قر<strong>ا</strong>ءة بين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔربعة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذآ<strong>و</strong>ر بنسب م<strong>ت</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>ة <strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong>نخف<strong>ا</strong>ض في ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> 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<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سع<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong>(‏‎2002‎‏)‏ ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>م برن<strong>ا</strong>مج ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>جي معرفي س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>آي في <strong>ت</strong>نمية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نفع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى عينه من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓب<strong>ا</strong>ئهم في مصر،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>ك<strong>و</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> عينة 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<strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>قي<strong>ا</strong>س <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بع<strong>د</strong>ى.‏<strong>و</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>رن <strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ل</strong> مطر في <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة نم<strong>ا</strong>ئية مق<strong>ا</strong>رنه <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔبع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>كيفي <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى عينة من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مع<strong>و</strong>قين عق<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مم<strong>ل</strong>كة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عربية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سع<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong>یة،‏ <strong>ت</strong>ك<strong>و</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> عينة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة من (101) طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>(‏‎87‎‏)‏ طف<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً‏ مع<strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ إع<strong>ا</strong>قة عق<strong>ل</strong>ية بسيطة من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>قين في برن<strong>ا</strong>مج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ربية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>صة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>ك<strong>و</strong>مية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔه<strong>ل</strong>ية<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong>م<strong>ت</strong> هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة مقي<strong>ا</strong>س في<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>كيفي(‏Scale (Viland Adaptive Behavior ‏(ص<strong>و</strong>رة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مق<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ل</strong>ة )، <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong> ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية في نم<strong>و</strong> مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين ع<strong>ل</strong>ى بع<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong>بع<strong>د</strong> مه<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>مية،‏ <strong>و</strong>مج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>غة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>عبيریة <strong>و</strong>مج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ية،‏<strong>و</strong>مج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔنشطة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>منز<strong>ل</strong>ية،‏ ب<strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>د</strong>ی<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>أ</strong>عم<strong>ا</strong>رهم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>زمنية<strong>و</strong>ه<strong>د</strong>ف<strong>ت</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>ة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى معرفة ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ية برن<strong>ا</strong>مج <strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>ریبي <strong>ل</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عي <strong>و</strong>آيفية <strong>ت</strong>نمي<strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى عينة من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في مصر،‏ <strong>و</strong>ق<strong>د</strong> ب<strong>ل</strong>غ ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>أ</strong>فر<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة (16) طف<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ی<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>نطبق<strong>ت</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>يهم،(10)(70-30) شهر<strong>ا</strong>ً‏(8)11.(2002)(2001)(1999).(20)PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issueم<strong>ح</strong>ك<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئي <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>شخيصي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عق<strong>ل</strong>ية (DSM-IV) في مرآزین <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ربية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>صة قيمصر،‏ 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<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فص<strong>ل</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong>ى ج<strong>ا</strong>نب قي<strong>ا</strong>مهم ب<strong>ا</strong>ٕجر<strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>من<strong>ا</strong>قش<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> مع <strong>أ</strong>قر<strong>ا</strong>نهم،‏<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>مهم <strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مف<strong>ا</strong>هيم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>قة في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong>ی<strong>د</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>قف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔخرىب<strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ع منهج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ة <strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یه بعمرآم<strong>ا</strong> ق<strong>ا</strong>م آ<strong>ل</strong> من<strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>ضر ب<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong>ظ<strong>ا</strong>م في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>صف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ني <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئي،‏ به<strong>د</strong>ف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>عرف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ى م<strong>د</strong>ى فع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية برن<strong>ا</strong>مج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>قصص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية ع<strong>ل</strong>ى<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>آي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>و</strong>ق<strong>د</strong> <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong><strong>ت</strong> ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong>ث نقص في مع<strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عيةغير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئمة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong>ص<strong>د</strong>ر منه<strong>ا</strong> خ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>غذ<strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>و</strong>ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك بنسبة <strong>ت</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong>ى(‏ %50) <strong>ت</strong>قریب<strong>ا</strong> قي<strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ا</strong> بم<strong>ا</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمرع<strong>ل</strong>يه في ب<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>یة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج.‏آم<strong>ا</strong> ق<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>(‏ (Williams,1999 ب<strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یة <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مش<strong>ا</strong>عر <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي ه<strong>د</strong>ف<strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong>صف آيفية نم<strong>و</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>ط<strong>و</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مش<strong>ا</strong>عر <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>سيس <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔفر<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين،‏ ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕض<strong>ا</strong>فة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى معرفة آيف ینم<strong>و</strong> <strong>و</strong>ی<strong>ت</strong>ط<strong>و</strong>ر إ<strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>س <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ت</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong>يط به <strong>و</strong>معرفة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طریقة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي یمكن به<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>خ<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>د</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>سي<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>س ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓخرین،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>ك<strong>و</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> عينة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>غين <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong> ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>ن مش<strong>ا</strong>عر<strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>سيس <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong>نم<strong>و</strong> ببطء <strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>د</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>خ<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕنم<strong>ا</strong>ئه<strong>ا</strong> آذ<strong>ل</strong>ك <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong> ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔآبر سن<strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>ت</strong>عرف<strong>و</strong>ن <strong>أ</strong>آثر ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>ن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>سيس <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong><strong>ل</strong>فة ‏(آم<strong>ا</strong> <strong>و</strong>ر<strong>د</strong> في Dona,1999 .(Williams,<strong>أ</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> غز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> فق<strong>د</strong> ه<strong>د</strong>ف إ<strong>ل</strong>ى معرفة م<strong>د</strong>ى ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ية برن<strong>ا</strong>مج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مر<strong>ا</strong>فقة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕنم<strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ىبعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين من خ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>و</strong>ضع مقي<strong>ا</strong>س <strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>شخيص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>رق بين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>ل</strong>فين عق<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>،‏ بم<strong>و</strong>ٔسس<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕع<strong>ا</strong>قة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عقي<strong>ل</strong>ة بم<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>من<strong>و</strong>فية بمصر <strong>و</strong>ق<strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>و</strong>ضع برن<strong>ا</strong>مج مق<strong>ت</strong>ر<strong>ح</strong>ٍ‏ <strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خفيف<strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ة <strong>أ</strong>عر<strong>ا</strong>ض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یة <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين <strong>و</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> عينة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة مك<strong>و</strong>نة من ‏(عشرین طف<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ی<strong>ا</strong>ً‏<strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>عشرین طف<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً‏ ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ی<strong>ا</strong>ً)‏ ‏(<strong>و</strong>عشرین طف<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً‏ م<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>ل</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ عق<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ً)‏ <strong>ت</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>أ</strong>عم<strong>ا</strong>رهم منن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق بين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>ل</strong>فين عق<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين <strong>و</strong>ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك <strong>أ</strong>نه من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خط<strong>ا</strong>ٔ <strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> م<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>ل</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ عق<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong>إن من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ضر<strong>و</strong>ري <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> برن<strong>ا</strong>مج <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين <strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>د</strong>ی<strong>ل</strong> س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>آهم <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>خفيف<strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یة عن<strong>د</strong>هم<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي ه<strong>د</strong>ف<strong>ت</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>و</strong>ضع مقي<strong>ا</strong>س ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ية برن<strong>ا</strong>مج ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ة<strong>أ</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> في <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سةفي بریط<strong>ا</strong>ني<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذي <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>مر <strong>أ</strong>شهر عن<strong>د</strong> س<strong>ت</strong>ة <strong>أ</strong>طف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> من فئة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>مية<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ش<strong>د</strong>ی<strong>د</strong> <strong>ح</strong>سب مع<strong>ا</strong>یير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئي <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>شخيصي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عق<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>و</strong>مقي<strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>د</strong>یر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي <strong>و</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>أ</strong>عم<strong>ا</strong>رهم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>زمنية <strong>أ</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong>ث<strong>ت</strong>ط<strong>و</strong>ر في مج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>كيفي آم<strong>ا</strong> <strong>أ</strong>ظهره مقي<strong>ا</strong>س ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ية ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>مية،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>ظهر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مش<strong>ت</strong>رآ<strong>و</strong>ن في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>برن<strong>ا</strong>مج <strong>ت</strong>ط<strong>و</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مقي<strong>ا</strong>س في مه<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>ميةآم<strong>ا</strong> ق<strong>ا</strong>م معم<strong>و</strong>ر بقي<strong>ا</strong>س ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ية برن<strong>ا</strong>مج س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>آي <strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>ریبي في <strong>ت</strong>خفيف <strong>أ</strong>عر<strong>ا</strong>ض <strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في مصر،<strong>و</strong>ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك من خ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ت</strong>نمية بعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕیج<strong>ا</strong>بية في س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين،‏<strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>ز<strong>و</strong>ی<strong>د</strong>هم بعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ية من <strong>أ</strong>ج<strong>ل</strong> إ<strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ث <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>فق مع <strong>أ</strong>نفسهم <strong>و</strong>مع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بيئة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>رجية <strong>و</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ك<strong>و</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> عينة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة من (30) طف<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ی<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ م<strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>قين في <strong>أ</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> مر<strong>ا</strong>آز <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕنم<strong>ا</strong>ء بج<strong>د</strong>ة،‏ <strong>ت</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>أ</strong>عم<strong>ا</strong>رهم من(‏‎14-7‎‏)‏ سنة(7) سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>) ((10-5 سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>)،‏.(DSM-III).(4)(23)(6.5 ( سنة <strong>و</strong>.12(Fullerton & Coyne,1999).(Norris & Dattilo,1999)(1997 ).( Jocelyn & Casiro , 1998)(Daily Life Therapy ) (DLT)( CARS)(1997)PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issue<strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong>نخف<strong>ا</strong>ض مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong>ق <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ني،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نش<strong>ا</strong>ط 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مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issue<strong>ت</strong>ك<strong>و</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> عينة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة من(‏‎42‎‏)‏ مخ<strong>ت</strong>ص <strong>و</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صة ممن یعم<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ن في م<strong>و</strong>ٔسس<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ربية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>صة ‏(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>ك<strong>و</strong>مية<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔه<strong>ل</strong>ية في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>رهم بطریقة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عينة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طبقية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عش<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئية ، <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>مث<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عينة م<strong>ا</strong> نسب<strong>ت</strong>همن مج<strong>ت</strong>مع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة،‏ <strong>و</strong>یبين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> رقم <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>زیع عينة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>جنس،‏ <strong>و</strong>ن<strong>و</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خصص،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ٔه<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>مي <strong>و</strong>سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خبرة.‏ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> 2: <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>زیع عينة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>ص.<strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>جنس،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خصص،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ٔه<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>مي،‏ <strong>و</strong>سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خبرة.‏(2)(63) ‏ٌ<strong>أ</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>ً‏(%50)((%50)آم<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ك<strong>و</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> عينة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة من <strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>رهن ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طریقة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عش<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طبقية <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>مث<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عينة م<strong>ا</strong> نسب<strong>ت</strong>ه من مج<strong>ت</strong>مع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>و</strong>یبين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>زیع <strong>أ</strong>فر<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> عينة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>.‏ <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ل</strong>مهنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يمي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>و</strong>مك<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سكن،‏ <strong>و</strong>عمر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم.‏<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>زیع عينة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>.‏ <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ل</strong>عم<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يمي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>و</strong>مك<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سكن،‏ <strong>و</strong>عمر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم.‏(3)ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>‎3‎ :<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غيرذآر<strong>أ</strong>نثى<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نسبة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مئ<strong>و</strong>ية57.1 24<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>جنس42.9 18<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خصص<strong>ت</strong>ربية خ<strong>ا</strong>صة<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>جيه <strong>و</strong>إرش<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>خ<strong>د</strong>مة <strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عيةع<strong>ل</strong>م نفس<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مجم<strong>و</strong>ع424211.926.231.031.0511131334881.0بك<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ری<strong>و</strong>س فم<strong>ا</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ٔه<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>مي م<strong>ا</strong>جس<strong>ت</strong>يرسن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خبرة<strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong> من424219.031.045.223.81319105 سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> -5 1010 ف<strong>ا</strong>ٔآثر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نسبة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مئ<strong>و</strong>ية<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير30.2ع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong>ة عم<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمغير ع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong>ة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مجم<strong>و</strong>ع63636363<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يمي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم <strong>أ</strong>مية<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئيث<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>و</strong>يج<strong>ا</strong>معيم<strong>د</strong>ینةمك<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سكنقریةمخيمعمر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم<strong>أ</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong> من69.8194419.0 1230.2 1931.7 2019.0 1236.5 2342.9 2720.6 137.9 520 سنة 14PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issue28.627.036.518172330-21 سنة40-31 سنة41 سنة ف<strong>ا</strong>ٔآثر<strong>أ</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة:‏ <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>نة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>.‏بع<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ط<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>د</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>رب<strong>و</strong>ي <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بقة <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مق<strong>ا</strong>یيس <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مية ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>قة بم<strong>و</strong>ض<strong>و</strong>ع،‏<strong>أ</strong>ع<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>نة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>به<strong>د</strong>ف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>عرف ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>برز <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهةنظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين ، <strong>ح</strong>يث <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>زیع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>نة بص<strong>و</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نه<strong>ا</strong>ئية ع<strong>ل</strong>ى عينة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة‏(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>)‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>ك<strong>و</strong>ن هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>نة من فقرة،‏ آم<strong>ا</strong> ه<strong>و</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>د</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>ق رقم <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>قرقم (2)، صيغ<strong>ت</strong> آ<strong>ل</strong> منه<strong>ا</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى شك<strong>ل</strong> فقر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> س<strong>ل</strong>بية،‏ <strong>و</strong>فق س<strong>ل</strong>م ‏(<strong>ل</strong>يكر<strong>ت</strong>)‏ <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>ریج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خم<strong>ا</strong>سي:‏ ‏"م<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>فق بش<strong>د</strong>ة،‏م<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>فق،‏ <strong>أ</strong><strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong>،‏ مع<strong>ا</strong>رض،‏ مع<strong>ا</strong>رض بش<strong>د</strong>ة"‏ <strong>و</strong>یط<strong>ل</strong>ب من ‏(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>)‏ <strong>و</strong>ضع إِش<strong>ا</strong>رة <strong>أ</strong>َم<strong>ا</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عب<strong>ا</strong>رة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي یع<strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>د</strong> <strong>أ</strong>َنه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong>مث<strong>ل</strong> سمة من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين.‏ <strong>و</strong>ق<strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ك<strong>و</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ة من قسمين(1)(X)(40)::<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>قسم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>یش<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ل</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>صة ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسيين <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عيين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong>ين في م<strong>و</strong>ٔسس<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ربية<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>صة(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>ك<strong>و</strong>مية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔه<strong>ل</strong>ية)‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي ق<strong>ا</strong>م ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>بة ع<strong>ل</strong>ى فقر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> عينة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ل</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية ‏:<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>جنس،‏ ن<strong>و</strong>ع 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،39ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فقر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>117697.32 ،27 ،22 ،17 ،12 ،7 ،2.28 ،23 ،18 ،13 ،8 ،3.38 ،36 ،33 ،29 ،24 ،19 ،14 ،9 ،4.34 ،30 ،25 ،20 ،15 ،10 ،515PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issue<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>قق من ص<strong>د</strong>ق <strong>أ</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة،‏ ق<strong>ا</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن بعرض <strong>أ</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة،‏ في ص<strong>و</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية ع<strong>ل</strong>ى مجم<strong>و</strong>عة من<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong>كمين ب<strong>ل</strong>غ ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong>هم م<strong>ح</strong>كم من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>خصصين <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئزین ع<strong>ل</strong>ى شه<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>آ<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ه في ع<strong>ل</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفس<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕرش<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ربية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>صة،‏ <strong>و</strong>ق<strong>د</strong> 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<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي.‏<strong>و</strong>من ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ية <strong>أ</strong>خرى <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>قق من ص<strong>د</strong>ق <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ة ب<strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>ب مصف<strong>و</strong>فة <strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فقر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> مع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية 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<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين<strong>و</strong>بذ<strong>ل</strong>ك <strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>ع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ة ب<strong>د</strong>رجة مم<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>زة من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ثب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>.‏ بينم<strong>ا</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> (0.73)، <strong>و</strong>هي بذ<strong>ل</strong>ك <strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>ع ب<strong>د</strong>رجةجي<strong>د</strong>ة من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ثب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>.‏إِجر<strong>ا</strong>ءَ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>طبيق <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة<strong>ت</strong>م 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<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ح</strong>يث <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>نة ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>د</strong>م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مق<strong>د</strong>مة من <strong>و</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong>رة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ش<strong>و</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> خ<strong>د</strong>م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔهي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕع<strong>ا</strong>قة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ر في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>م (1999)، ثم زی<strong>ا</strong>رة بعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ٔسس<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>فيب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ٔسس<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔخرى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ل</strong>م ی<strong>ت</strong>مكن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ص<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong>يهق<strong>ا</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن ب<strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ر عينة طبقية عش<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئية من مج<strong>ت</strong>مع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>مث<strong>ل</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔآ<strong>د</strong> من ص<strong>د</strong>ق <strong>أ</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة من خ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> عرضه<strong>ا</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى ث<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ثة عشر م<strong>ح</strong>كمً<strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث ب<strong>ت</strong>طبيق <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>نة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين فيعينة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة ممن یعم<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ن في م<strong>و</strong>ٔسس<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ربية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>صة ‏(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>ك<strong>و</strong>مية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔه<strong>ل</strong>ية<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن بع<strong>د</strong> ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك ع<strong>ل</strong>ى عن<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>ین <strong>أ</strong>سر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في عينة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة من خ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سج<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong>ة في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ٔسس<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ح</strong>يث ق<strong>ا</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث بزی<strong>ا</strong>رة <strong>أ</strong>سر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>زیع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>نة ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>د</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یينب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نسبة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> ذ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يمي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>منخفض،‏ ق<strong>ا</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن بقر<strong>ا</strong>ءة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>نة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>عبئ<strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> بن<strong>ا</strong>ءً‏ ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ت</strong>هن<strong>ت</strong>م إعط<strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>ة <strong>أ</strong>َرق<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ م<strong>ت</strong>س<strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>و</strong>إع<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ِٕ<strong>د</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>و</strong>ب<strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ت</strong>ص<strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ح</strong> <strong>أ</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>فریغ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بي<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>عبئ<strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> في نم<strong>ا</strong>ذج خ<strong>ا</strong>صة<strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>برن<strong>ا</strong>مج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئي (SPSS) <strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بي<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خر<strong>ا</strong>ج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئجم<strong>ت</strong>غير<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong>ة:‏‎1‎‏.<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين:جنس <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>ص،‏ <strong>ت</strong>خصص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>ص،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ٔه<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>مي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين،‏ سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> خبرة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>ص‎2‎‏.<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>:‏ مهنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ مك<strong>ا</strong>ن سكن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يمي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ عمر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>بع:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>.‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>جة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>جة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>زمة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>بي<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>،‏ ب<strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خر<strong>ا</strong>ج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔع<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نسب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مئ<strong>و</strong>یة،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بية،‏<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>ریة.‏ <strong>و</strong>ق<strong>د</strong> ف<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ت</strong> فرضي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى ب<strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ت</strong>ية:‏ <strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ر ‏(<strong>ت</strong>)‏ ،(t-test) <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ین <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ي(0.92)..(40)..(( α ≤ 0.05)One way analysis of ).....16:.(13).1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: IssueCorrelation) (Pearson <strong>ل</strong>مصف<strong>و</strong>فة <strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ط،(variance <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ر،(Tukey) <strong>و</strong>مع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ط بيرس<strong>و</strong>نفقر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>نة،‏ <strong>و</strong>مع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ثب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> آر<strong>و</strong>نب<strong>ا</strong>خ <strong>أ</strong><strong>ل</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong> alpha) ،(Cronbach <strong>و</strong>ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك ب<strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>و</strong>ب،‏<strong>و</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>م برن<strong>ا</strong>مج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>رزم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عيةن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕج<strong>ا</strong>بة عن <strong>ت</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>ؤ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>قق من ص<strong>ح</strong>ة فرضي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>و</strong>من<strong>ا</strong>قش<strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong>،‏ آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong>ز<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>ریج في <strong>أ</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة آم<strong>ا</strong>ی<strong>ل</strong>ي:‏ (1،2،3،4،5).( ‏"م<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>فق بش<strong>د</strong>ة،‏ م<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>فق،<strong>أ</strong><strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong>،‏ مع<strong>ا</strong>رض،‏ مع<strong>ا</strong>رض بش<strong>د</strong>ة").‏1- <strong>د</strong>رجة ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية:‏ إذ<strong>ا</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> قيمة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية،‏ <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>،‏ <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فقرة <strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong> من(5-3.5).(SPSS).2- <strong>د</strong>رجة م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سطة:‏ إذ<strong>ا</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> قيمة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي م<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>و</strong>رة بين(‏‎3.49-2.5‎‏).‏3- <strong>د</strong>رجة منخفضة:‏ إذ<strong>ا</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> قيمة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي <strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong> بينن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>و</strong>ٔ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>:‏م<strong>ا</strong> م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين؟<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕج<strong>ا</strong>بة عن س<strong>و</strong>ٔ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خر<strong>ا</strong>ج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>ریة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين،‏ <strong>و</strong>ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك آم<strong>ا</strong> ه<strong>و</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>رية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يينفي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين مر<strong>ت</strong>بة <strong>ت</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ً‏.(2.49-1)..(5)(5)ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> 5:ی<strong>ت</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>أ</strong>ن م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> مر<strong>ت</strong>فعة،‏ <strong>ح</strong>يث ب<strong>ل</strong>غ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي <strong>ل</strong>هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ة مع <strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف معي<strong>ا</strong>ري ‏(‏‎0.53‎‏).آم<strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>ت</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong> <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ت</strong>مث<strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong> في سمة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>بية في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ىبم<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي (3.89)، مع <strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف معي<strong>ا</strong>ري بينم<strong>ا</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>سي <strong>أ</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> بم<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي ق<strong>د</strong>ره (3.61)، مع <strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف معي<strong>ا</strong>ري آم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>فق هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong>يجة مع م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة ف<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ن <strong>و</strong>آ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ینى )<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>أ</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>أ</strong>آثر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية هي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>بية.‏ <strong>أ</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية فق<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong><strong>ل</strong>ف<strong>ت</strong> معه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>أ</strong>آ<strong>د</strong><strong>ت</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong>نخف<strong>ا</strong>ض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عي بشك<strong>ل</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئي<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>فق<strong>ت</strong> <strong>ل</strong>يض<strong>ا</strong> مع<strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة م<strong>ح</strong>م<strong>د</strong> ق،ع (2002).Fullerton,A.&.(0.63).(0.60)(3.76)(Coyne,1999<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سمة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>بية<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>غ<strong>و</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>بة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نفع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية-‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية<strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>سي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong>42<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي3.89<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>ري0.630.560.640.520.600.533.883.793.653.613.764242424242<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجةمر<strong>ت</strong>فعةمر<strong>ت</strong>فعةمر<strong>ت</strong>فعةمر<strong>ت</strong>فعةمر<strong>ت</strong>فعةمر<strong>ت</strong>فعة17PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issueیرى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>أ</strong>ن سمة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>بية <strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ت</strong>بر من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ٔشر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong>مة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong>ظهر ق<strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> 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<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>سي من <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> في <strong>ا</strong>ٓخر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>أ</strong>نه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>أ</strong>یض<strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>ء<strong>ت</strong> مر<strong>ت</strong>فعه،‏ مم<strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>و</strong>ٔآ<strong>د</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى م<strong>ا</strong> ذآر في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>د</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>رب<strong>و</strong>ي من <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یك<strong>ت</strong>رث 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<strong>و</strong>آ<strong>ا</strong>ٔنه<strong>ا</strong> غير م<strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong>ة.‏ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>و</strong>ٔ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ني:‏≤ 0.05)ه<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى α ‏)في م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية 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<strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>جنس.‏<strong>و</strong>ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك آم<strong>ا</strong> ه<strong>و</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> رقم<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>قق من ص<strong>ح</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ر( α≤ 0.05)‏(<strong>ت</strong>)‏ (t-test)‏(<strong>ت</strong>)‏ (t-test).(6)ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> 6:<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>فر<strong>و</strong>ق في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عيةن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين.‏،(3.70)( α ≤ 0.05)(0.382)2418،<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ةقيمة <strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong>رج<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>جن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔبع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong>س<strong>و</strong>بة <strong>ت</strong> ف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي <strong>د</strong> س ية<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>رية<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>ر ي0.54ذآر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>أ</strong>نثىفي م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ی<strong>ت</strong>بين من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> (6) <strong>أ</strong>نه <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>جنس ع<strong>ل</strong>ىب<strong>ح</strong>يث <strong>أ</strong>نه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong>م <strong>ت</strong>رق إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية،‏ <strong>ح</strong>يث ب<strong>ل</strong>غ<strong>ت</strong> قيمة ‏(<strong>ت</strong>=‏ 0.884-) عن<strong>د</strong> مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية،‏ <strong>و</strong>ی<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ظ <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فر<strong>و</strong>ق <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معن<strong>و</strong>یة بين م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذآ<strong>و</strong>ر ق<strong>د</strong> ب<strong>ل</strong>غ<strong>و</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕن<strong>ا</strong>ث ب<strong>ل</strong>غ (3.84)، ب<strong>ح</strong>يث <strong>أ</strong>نه <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یمكن <strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ره<strong>ا</strong> آم<strong>و</strong>ٔشر <strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔثير ع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>جنس في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية<strong>و</strong>هذ<strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>د</strong>ع<strong>و</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong>ى قب<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>صفریة.‏<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong>م یعثر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> س<strong>ا</strong>بقة ب<strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين من <strong>و</strong>جهةنظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ل</strong>جنس <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>ص،‏ إ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن یع<strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن ب<strong>ا</strong>ٔن آ<strong>ل</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>جنسين ی<strong>ت</strong><strong>ل</strong>قى <strong>أ</strong>ثن<strong>ا</strong>ء مسير<strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يمية - م<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> نظریة <strong>و</strong>عم<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong>فرق بينهم<strong>ا</strong>.‏0.382-0.884400.523.703.8418PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


ف(‏مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issueن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>نية:‏<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى α ‏)في م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خصص من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>ص.‏<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>قق من ص<strong>ح</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خر<strong>ا</strong>ج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>ریة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خصص،‏ <strong>و</strong>ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك آم<strong>ا</strong> ه<strong>و</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> 7: <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔع<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بية،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>رية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong>ً‏<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خصص.‏≤ 0.05).(7)(7)<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ت</strong>ربية خ<strong>ا</strong>صة<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>جيه<strong>و</strong>إرش<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>خ<strong>د</strong>مة<strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عيةع<strong>ل</strong>م نفسمنی<strong>ت</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>رب بين م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خصص.‏ <strong>ح</strong>يث آ<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خصص <strong>ت</strong>ربية خ<strong>ا</strong>صة <strong>و</strong>في <strong>ت</strong>خصص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>جيه <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕرش<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>یض<strong>ا</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن في <strong>ت</strong>خصص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>د</strong>مة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية(‏‎3.73‎‏)‏ بينم<strong>ا</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن في <strong>ت</strong>خصص ع<strong>ل</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفس<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ف<strong>ح</strong>ص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خر<strong>ا</strong>ج ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ین <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ي آم<strong>ا</strong> ه<strong>و</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>د</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>فر<strong>و</strong>ق فيج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>‎8‎‏:‏ ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>يم<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خصص.‏،(4.08)(α ≤ 0.05)(3.39).(8)(One Way Analysis of Variance)(8).(3.59)<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔبع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔبع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>مص<strong>د</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ين<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة بين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مجم<strong>و</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية 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مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issue:9<strong>ت</strong>ربية خ<strong>ا</strong>صة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>جيه <strong>و</strong>إرش<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>خ<strong>د</strong>مة <strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عيةع<strong>ل</strong>م نفس<strong>ل</strong>معرفة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>ه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة في م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> 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<strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ت</strong>هم <strong>ل</strong>جميع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ق بك<strong>ا</strong>فة مج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕع<strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمر<strong>ا</strong>ض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية،‏ <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong>یر ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذآر <strong>أ</strong>ن ط<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بك<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ری<strong>و</strong>س فم<strong>ا</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong>ن یفرض(0.321)-0.20050.55 3.80 34<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة0.403.598(α0.05)(0.05)20PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


ف(‏مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issueع<strong>ل</strong>يهم <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة آ<strong>ل</strong> م<strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ق بمج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خصص <strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>كن بص<strong>و</strong>رة مكثفة،‏ <strong>أ</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نسبة <strong>ل</strong>ط<strong>ل</strong>بة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>جس<strong>ت</strong>ير فهم <strong>أ</strong>یض<strong>ا</strong>ی<strong>د</strong>رس<strong>و</strong>ن نفس <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>كن بف<strong>ت</strong>رة زمنية <strong>أ</strong>ط<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong>هذ<strong>ا</strong> یع<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>د</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى ق<strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ظة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>د</strong>ة <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم<strong>ل</strong>ة<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>بعة:‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى<strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خبرة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>ص .<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>قق من ص<strong>ح</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>بعة <strong>ت</strong>م إیج<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>ریة <strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ت</strong>بعً<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غيرسن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خبرة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>ص،<strong>و</strong>ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك آم<strong>ا</strong> ه<strong>و</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> (11).<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔع<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بية،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>رية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خبرة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>ص .(0.05 ≤ α‏)في م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>21.ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> 11:<strong>أ</strong>آثر منمنسن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ی<strong>ت</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>رب بين م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين <strong>ت</strong>بع‏ً<strong>ا</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ل</strong>سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> خبرة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>ص.‏ <strong>ح</strong>يث ب<strong>ل</strong>غ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذین سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> خبر<strong>ت</strong>هم <strong>أ</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong> من(3.85)، آم<strong>ا</strong> <strong>و</strong>آ<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذین سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> خبر<strong>ت</strong>هم من<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ف<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>یض<strong>ا</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذین سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> خبر<strong>ت</strong>هم <strong>أ</strong>آثر من<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خر<strong>ا</strong>ج ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ین <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ي آم<strong>ا</strong> ه<strong>و</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>د</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>فر<strong>و</strong>ق فين<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>يم<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ل</strong>سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> خبرة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>ص.‏(5) سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>(10-5) سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> ،(3.88)(10) سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> (3.42).(12)(One Way Analysis of Variance)(α≤ 0.05)(12) ع<strong>د</strong>م(12)ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> 12:<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔبع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>يةسن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خبرة<strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong> منسن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>5<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong>13<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي3.85<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>ري0.610.520.243.883.42191010 -5 سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>10<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ةقيمة ف م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>د</strong>رج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> مجم<strong>و</strong>ع مص<strong>د</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔبع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong>س<strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مربع<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>رية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مربع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> بة<strong>ت</strong> بين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مجم<strong>و</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مجم<strong>و</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مجم<strong>و</strong>عفيم<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى ی<strong>ت</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ل</strong>سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> خبرة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>ص،<strong>و</strong> ب<strong>ل</strong>غ<strong>ت</strong> فيه<strong>ا</strong> قيمة= 2.963) عن<strong>د</strong> مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة (0.063)، <strong>و</strong>هذ<strong>ا</strong> ی<strong>د</strong>ع<strong>و</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong>ى قب<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية.‏ یرى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>أ</strong>ن إع<strong>ا</strong>قة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>صف ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ثة،‏ إض<strong>ا</strong>فة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى ق<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذین سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> خبر<strong>ت</strong>هم <strong>أ</strong>آثر من(‏ 10 سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>)‏ <strong>و</strong>ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك آم<strong>ا</strong> ه<strong>و</strong>ظ<strong>ا</strong>هر في هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة،‏ <strong>ح</strong>يث آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong> فئة ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نسبة <strong>ل</strong>غيرهم من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong>جيبين ع<strong>ل</strong>ى عينة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة.‏0.0632.9630.7710.260239411.54110.14411.685PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


<strong>أ</strong>:‏مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issueن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>و</strong>ٔ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ث:‏م<strong>ا</strong> م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> ؟<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕج<strong>ا</strong>بة عن س<strong>و</strong>ٔ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>بع <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خر<strong>ا</strong>ج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>ریة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong>ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك آم<strong>ا</strong> ه<strong>و</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong> في<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>رية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> مر<strong>ت</strong>بة <strong>ت</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong>ز<strong>ل</strong>يً<strong>ا</strong>..(13)ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> 13:<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سمة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>بية<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>غ<strong>و</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>بة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نفع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية-‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية<strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>سي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong>63<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي3.73<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>ري0.490.400.510.420.540.333.723.653.543.543.646363636363(13)<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجةمر<strong>ت</strong>فعةمر<strong>ت</strong>فعةمر<strong>ت</strong>فعةمر<strong>ت</strong>فعةمر<strong>ت</strong>فعةمر<strong>ت</strong>فعةی<strong>ت</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهةنظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية مر<strong>ت</strong>فعة،‏ <strong>ح</strong>يث ب<strong>ل</strong>غ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي <strong>ل</strong>هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ةمع <strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف معي<strong>ا</strong>ري<strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>أ</strong>هم هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>مث<strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>بية بم<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي (3.73)، بينم<strong>ا</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>سي <strong>أ</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> بم<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي ق<strong>د</strong>ره <strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>فق ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج هذ<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>و</strong>ٔ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> مع ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة م<strong>ح</strong>م<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>أ</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>ن<strong>و</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة ف<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ن <strong>و</strong>آ<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ینى<strong>أ</strong>آثر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية هي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>بيه عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين.‏ آذ<strong>ل</strong>ك <strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>فق مع ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>يمز<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>أ</strong>آ<strong>د</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>نم<strong>و</strong> ببطء <strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>د</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>خ<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕنم<strong>ا</strong>ئه<strong>ا</strong>.‏یمكن <strong>ت</strong>فسير هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong>يجة ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>و</strong>جه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>،‏ <strong>أ</strong>ن ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك ق<strong>د</strong> یع<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم ق<strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>رك ب<strong>ح</strong>كم معرف<strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> بطف<strong>ل</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong>بعض من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> فهي <strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>رك بعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong>ة <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي <strong>و</strong>هذ<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> یع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>ع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين هم ذ<strong>و</strong> طبيعة غير<strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>غ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب <strong>ح</strong>يث <strong>ت</strong>ظهر ع<strong>ل</strong>يهم سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong>ة <strong>ت</strong>ميزهم عن غيرهم من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>.‏ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>و</strong>ٔ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>بع:‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسيةه<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> ‏(مهنة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>و</strong>مك<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سكن،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يمي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>و</strong>عمر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم)‏ ؟<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>نبثق عن هذ<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>و</strong>ٔ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>صفرية <strong>و</strong>فيم<strong>ا</strong> ي<strong>ل</strong>ي ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج ف<strong>ح</strong>صه<strong>ا</strong>:‏ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>مسة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير مهنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم.‏.(3.54)( Fullerton ,.& Coyne,1999)(0.05 ≥α) في م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>(0.05 ≥α) في م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط(8-5).(0.33):((3.64): ق،ع 2002)(Williams,1999 )22PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issue.(14):14<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>قق من ص<strong>ح</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ر ‏(<strong>ت</strong>)‏ ،(t-test) آم<strong>ا</strong> ه<strong>و</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> رقم<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>فر<strong>و</strong>ق في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عيةن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>رج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير مهنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم.‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ةقيمة <strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong>رج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> عم<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔبع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong>س<strong>و</strong>بة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>رية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>ري <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم ع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong>ةغير<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية ع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong>ة0.989-0.01461‏(<strong>ت</strong>)‏ (t-test):ی<strong>ت</strong>بين من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> (14) <strong>أ</strong>نه <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى ‏(‏α≤0.05‎‏)في م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير مهنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>ح</strong>يثب<strong>ل</strong>غ<strong>ت</strong> قيمة ‏(<strong>ت</strong>=‏ 0.014-) عن<strong>د</strong> مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى (0.989) ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية ، ب<strong>ح</strong>يث<strong>أ</strong>نه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong>م <strong>ت</strong>رقَ‏ إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية،‏ <strong>و</strong>ی<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ظ <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فر<strong>و</strong>ق <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معن<strong>و</strong>یة بين م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> ق<strong>د</strong> ب<strong>ل</strong>غ (3.64)، <strong>و</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> غير<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> ب<strong>ل</strong>غ (3.64)، ب<strong>ح</strong>يث <strong>أ</strong>نه <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یمكن <strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ره<strong>ا</strong> آم<strong>و</strong>ٔشر <strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔثير ع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong> مهنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية،‏ <strong>و</strong>بن<strong>ا</strong>ء ع<strong>ل</strong>يه <strong>ت</strong>م قب<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>مسة.‏یرى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>أ</strong>ن ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>أ</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> غير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> نسب<strong>ت</strong>هن ضعف <strong>أ</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> مم<strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>مييز بين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong>غير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>.‏ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى (0.05≥α) في م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير مك<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سكن<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>قق من ص<strong>ح</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خر<strong>ا</strong>ج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>ریة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير مك<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سكن <strong>و</strong>ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك آم<strong>ا</strong> ه<strong>و</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔع<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بية،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>رية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong>ً‏<strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير مك<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سكن.‏..(15)0.27 3.64 19<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة0.35 3.64 44:15<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔبع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>يةمك<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سكنم<strong>د</strong>ینةقریةمخيم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong>232713<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي3.683.663.52<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>ري0.330.250.45(15)ی<strong>ت</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>رب بين م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير مك<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سكن <strong>ح</strong>يث آ<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير سك<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>د</strong>ینة بينم<strong>ا</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي <strong>ل</strong>سك<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>قریة بينم<strong>ا</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي <strong>ل</strong>سك<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخيم <strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ف<strong>ح</strong>ص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خر<strong>ا</strong>ج ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ین <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ي آم<strong>ا</strong> ه<strong>و</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>د</strong>في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>(3.66)(3.86)،(3.52).(16)23PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issue(One Way Analysis of Variance)ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> 16:<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>فر<strong>و</strong>ق فين<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>يم<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غيرمك<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سكن.‏<strong>ت</strong>شير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معطي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>د</strong>ة في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> (16) <strong>أ</strong>نه <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ىبين م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير مك<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سكن،‏ <strong>ح</strong>يث ب<strong>ل</strong>غ<strong>ت</strong> قيمة ‏(ف=‏ 0.969) عن<strong>د</strong> مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة ب<strong>ح</strong>يث آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية <strong>أ</strong>آبر من <strong>و</strong>هي غير <strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة 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<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>عزى<strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير مك<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سكن،‏ <strong>و</strong>بن<strong>ا</strong>ء ع<strong>ل</strong>يه <strong>ت</strong>م قب<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية.‏<strong>ل</strong>م یعثر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> س<strong>ا</strong>بقة ب<strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية 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م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يمي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم.‏<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>قق من ص<strong>ح</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خر<strong>ا</strong>ج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>ریة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يمي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم.،‏ <strong>و</strong>ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك آم<strong>ا</strong> ه<strong>و</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔع<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بية،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>ریة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong>ً‏<strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يمي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم.‏(0.385).(17)(α≤0.05)(0.05):(α≤0.05)ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> 17:<strong>أ</strong>مية<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئيث<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>و</strong>يمنج<strong>ا</strong>معيی<strong>ت</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>رب بين م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> 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ب<strong>ل</strong>غ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غيربينم<strong>ا</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمي(‏‎3.70‎‏)‏ بينم<strong>ا</strong> آ<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي <strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يم 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مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issue(One Way Analysis of Variance)ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> 18:<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>فر<strong>و</strong>ق فين<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>يم<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> 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<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>أ</strong>نه <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى(‏α≤0.05‎‏)‏بين م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يمي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>ح</strong>يث ب<strong>ل</strong>غ<strong>ت</strong> قيمة ‏(ف=‏ ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية عن<strong>د</strong> مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ةب<strong>ح</strong>يث آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية <strong>أ</strong>آبر من (0.05) <strong>و</strong>هي غير <strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئي<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong>هذ<strong>ا</strong>ی<strong>و</strong>ٔآ<strong>د</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>أ</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong><strong>ل</strong>ف بين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يمي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم.‏ <strong>و</strong>بن<strong>ا</strong>ء ع<strong>ل</strong>يه <strong>ت</strong>م قب<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية.‏ <strong>ل</strong>م یعثر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بقة ب<strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يمي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ إ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>أ</strong>نه <strong>و</strong>بع<strong>د</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>رة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>،<strong>أ</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ت</strong> معظم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> ب<strong>ا</strong>ٔنهن <strong>أ</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> من ی<strong>ت</strong>عرفنَ‏ ع<strong>ل</strong>ى<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مشك<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نم<strong>ا</strong>ئية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>هن،‏ <strong>ل</strong>ذ<strong>ا</strong> س<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>أ</strong>آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم م<strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>مة <strong>أ</strong>م غير م<strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>مة ‏(مع مر<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فر<strong>و</strong>ق <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فر<strong>د</strong>یة بين<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طرفين)‏ <strong>ت</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>طيع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>كشف عن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>طيع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم في <strong>أ</strong>ي مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>يميآ<strong>ا</strong>ن ب<strong>ح</strong>كم قربه<strong>ا</strong> من طف<strong>ل</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>عرف ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية بشك<strong>ل</strong> ع<strong>ا</strong>م.‏ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>منة<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى ‏(‏α≤0.05‎‏)في م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير عمر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم.‏<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>قق من ص<strong>ح</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>سعة <strong>ت</strong>م إیج<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>ریة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير عمر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>و</strong>ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك آم<strong>ا</strong> ه<strong>و</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong>في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔع<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بية،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>رية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ت</strong>بع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير عمر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم.‏(0.908)(0.183:.(19)ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> 19:<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔبع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>يةعمر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم20 سنة <strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong> من30-21 سنة40-31 سنة41 سنة ف<strong>ا</strong>ٔآثر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong>5181723<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي3.813.623.583.65<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ح</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ف <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معي<strong>ا</strong>ري0.290.340.440.2325PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issueی<strong>ت</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong> من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>و</strong>ج<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>رب بين م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين من<strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير عمر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم <strong>ح</strong>يث ب<strong>ل</strong>غ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>رجة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ك<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير عمرفي <strong>ح</strong>ين آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم ‏(<strong>أ</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong> من 20 سنة)‏ (3.81)، بينم<strong>ا</strong> ب<strong>ل</strong>غ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي من<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي من(‏‎40-31‎ سنة)‏ (3.58)، <strong>أ</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>بي <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ف<strong>ح</strong>ص <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فرضية <strong>ت</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خر<strong>ا</strong>ج ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ین <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ي آم<strong>ا</strong> ه<strong>و</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>د</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>فر<strong>و</strong>ق فين<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج <strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>ين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>يم<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غير عمر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم.‏(30-21) سنة (3.62)(41 سنة ف<strong>ا</strong>ٔآثر)‏ (3.65)..(20)(One Way Analysis of Variance)-(0.620)266.849(20)(0.596(19)(0.05)ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> 20:<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مجم<strong>و</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مجم<strong>و</strong>ع<strong>ت</strong>شير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>معطي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>د</strong>ة في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>أ</strong>نه <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فر<strong>و</strong>ق ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة إ<strong>ح</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong>ئية عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى(‏‎0.05‎ ≥α)بين م<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>سط<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>عزى <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong>غيرعمر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم،‏ <strong>ح</strong>يث ب<strong>ل</strong>غ<strong>ت</strong> قيمة ‏(ف=‏ عن<strong>د</strong> مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة ب<strong>ح</strong>يث 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شخصية<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong>.‏<strong>ح</strong>ث <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>و</strong>ن ع<strong>ل</strong>ى عم<strong>ل</strong> <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>جریبية،‏ <strong>و</strong>ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> من سمة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>بية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> <strong>أ</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>،‏ إض<strong>ا</strong>فة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى عم<strong>ل</strong> <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> معرفة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>د</strong>یر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>بين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔخص<strong>ا</strong>ئيين <strong>و</strong>بين م<strong>ا</strong> ه<strong>و</strong> مقب<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>م .PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issue27.3.4.5عق<strong>د</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> م<strong>ت</strong>خصصة <strong>و</strong><strong>و</strong>رش<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> عم<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>و</strong>ذ<strong>ل</strong>ك <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕف<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسيين 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<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ثين <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>كشف عن <strong>أ</strong>هم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية<strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين،‏ <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> من ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ية في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>قييم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ض<strong>و</strong>عي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مر<strong>ا</strong>جع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عربيةب<strong>د</strong>ر،‏ إبر<strong>ا</strong>هيم م<strong>ح</strong>م<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong>.‏ (2004): <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي،‏ مك<strong>ت</strong>بة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نهضة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مصریة،<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>هرة،‏ مصر.‏ب<strong>د</strong>ر ‏،إسم<strong>ا</strong>عي<strong>ل</strong> م<strong>ح</strong>م<strong>د</strong> .(1997). ‏"م<strong>د</strong>ى ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>مية في <strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>سين <strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> ذ<strong>و</strong>ي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> "، <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ٔ<strong>ت</strong>مر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong>ري <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>بع <strong>ل</strong>مرآز <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕرش<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسي <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مج<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>رب<strong>و</strong>ي ‎4:2‎ج.‏خط<strong>ا</strong>ب،‏ م<strong>ح</strong>م<strong>د</strong> <strong>أ</strong><strong>ح</strong>م<strong>د</strong>.‏ (2005): سيك<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>جية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي،‏ <strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ثق<strong>ا</strong>فة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>نشر <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>زیع،‏ عم<strong>ا</strong>ن.‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>زر<strong>ا</strong>ع ، ن<strong>ا</strong>یف ع<strong>ا</strong>ی<strong>د</strong> بن إبر<strong>ا</strong>هيم.‏ (2004): ق<strong>ا</strong>ئمة <strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>د</strong>ير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي،‏ ط‎1‎‏،‏ مك<strong>ت</strong>بة <strong>د</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فكر <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>نشر<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>زیع،عم<strong>ا</strong>ن،<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔر<strong>د</strong>ن.‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>زریق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>،‏ إبر<strong>ا</strong>هيم عب<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه فرج.‏ (2004): <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خص<strong>ا</strong>ئص <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج،‏ <strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئ<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>طب<strong>ا</strong>عة <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نشرعم<strong>ا</strong>ن ، <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔر<strong>د</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>زعبي،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>م<strong>د</strong> م<strong>ح</strong>م<strong>د</strong>.‏ (2003): <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ربية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خ<strong>ا</strong>صة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ه<strong>و</strong>بين <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مع<strong>و</strong>قين <strong>و</strong>سب<strong>ل</strong> رع<strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ت</strong>هم،‏ ط‎1‎‏،‏ <strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فكر،‏ <strong>د</strong>مشق،‏ س<strong>و</strong>ری<strong>ا</strong>.‏<strong>أ</strong>ب<strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سع<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong>،‏ ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>یة.‏ (2002): ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>م برن<strong>ا</strong>مج ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>جي معرفي س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>آي في <strong>ت</strong>نمية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>نفع<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>طف <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓب<strong>ا</strong>ئهم،‏ معه<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>هرة ‏.(رس<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>د</strong>آ<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ه غير منش<strong>و</strong>رةس<strong>ل</strong>يم<strong>ا</strong>ن،‏ عب<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ر<strong>ح</strong>من.‏ (2001): إع<strong>ا</strong>قة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>،‏ ط‎1‎‏،‏ مك<strong>ت</strong>بة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شر<strong>و</strong>ق،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>هرة.‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>مي،‏ <strong>و</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>ء ع<strong>ل</strong>ي.‏ (2004): سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>،‏ ط‎1‎‏،‏ مك<strong>ت</strong>بة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ل</strong>ك فه<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>طنية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>نشر،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مم<strong>ل</strong>كة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عربية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سع<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong>یة.‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong>مي،‏ <strong>و</strong>ف<strong>ا</strong>ء ع<strong>ل</strong>ي.‏ (2004): خف<strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>،‏ <strong>أ</strong>شك<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>سب<strong>ا</strong>به،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>شخيصه،‏ ط‎1‎‏،‏ مك<strong>ت</strong>بة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ل</strong>ك فه<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>طنية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>نشر،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مم<strong>ل</strong>كة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عربية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سع<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong>یة.‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شيخ ذیب،‏ ر<strong>ا</strong>ئ<strong>د</strong> م<strong>و</strong>سى ع<strong>ل</strong>ي.‏ (2004): <strong>ت</strong>صميم برن<strong>ا</strong>مج <strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>ريبي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ط<strong>و</strong>ير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ية<strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين <strong>و</strong>قي<strong>ا</strong>س ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ت</strong>ه،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>معة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔر<strong>د</strong>نية،‏ عم<strong>ا</strong>ن.‏ ‏(رس<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>د</strong>آ<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ه غير منش<strong>و</strong>رةبن ص<strong>د</strong>یق ، <strong>ل</strong>ين<strong>ا</strong> نمر ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ية برن<strong>ا</strong>مج إرش<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ي في <strong>ت</strong>نمية مه<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ص<strong>ل</strong> غير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>فظي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>ثر ذ<strong>ل</strong>كع<strong>ل</strong>ى س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>آهم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عي،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>معة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔر<strong>د</strong>نية،‏ عم<strong>ا</strong>ن.‏ ‏(رس<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة م<strong>ا</strong>جس<strong>ت</strong>ير غير منش<strong>و</strong>رة).‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عب<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ي،‏ ر<strong>ا</strong>ئ<strong>د</strong> خ<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ل</strong>.‏ (2006): <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>،‏ ط‎1‎‏،‏ مك<strong>ت</strong>بة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مج<strong>ت</strong>مع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عربي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>نشر <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>زیع،عم<strong>ا</strong>ن،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔر<strong>د</strong>ن.‏عب<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه،‏ م<strong>ح</strong>م<strong>د</strong> ق<strong>ا</strong>سم.‏ (2001): <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ي،‏ <strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فكر <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>طب<strong>ا</strong>عة <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نشر،عم<strong>ا</strong>ن،‏ <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔر<strong>د</strong>ن.‏ع<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>و</strong>ة ‏،سه<strong>ا</strong>م ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ية آ<strong>ل</strong> من برن<strong>ا</strong>مج إرش<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔسرة <strong>و</strong>برن<strong>ا</strong>مج <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>ريب ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خفيف من<strong>أ</strong>عر<strong>ا</strong>ض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ذ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ية ‏(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>يزم)‏ <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> ‏،ج<strong>ا</strong>معة طنط<strong>ا</strong>،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>هرة.‏ ‏(رس<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>د</strong>آ<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ه غير منش<strong>و</strong>رة)‏ .غز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> ‏،عب<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ف<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong> .(1997). ‏"م<strong>د</strong>ى ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ية برن<strong>ا</strong>مج <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مر<strong>ا</strong>فقة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕنم<strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى بعض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یينبم<strong>و</strong>ٔسس<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕع<strong>ا</strong>قة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عق<strong>ل</strong>ية"،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مج<strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>مية آ<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ب ، ج<strong>ا</strong>معة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>من<strong>و</strong>فية ‏،مج<strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>(‏‎2‎‏)‏ ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong>غز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>،‏ مج<strong>د</strong>ي ف<strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>ي.(‏‎2007‎‏):‏ ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ية برن<strong>ا</strong>مج <strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>ريبي في <strong>ت</strong>نمية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى عينة من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين فيم<strong>د</strong>ينة عم<strong>ا</strong>ن،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>معة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔر<strong>د</strong>نية،‏ عم<strong>ا</strong>ن.(رس<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة م<strong>ا</strong>جس<strong>ت</strong>ير غير منش<strong>و</strong>رة).‏آ<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong>،‏ م<strong>ح</strong>م<strong>د</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>ي.‏ (2003 ): <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ت</strong>يزم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕع<strong>ا</strong>قة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>غ<strong>ا</strong>مضة بين <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فهم <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج،‏ ط‎1‎‏،‏ <strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نهضة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مصریة،<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>هرة،‏ مصرم<strong>ح</strong>م<strong>د</strong>،‏ ق<strong>ا</strong>سم عب<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه.‏ (2002): <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين،‏ <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>شخيصية <strong>و</strong>بر<strong>ا</strong>مجية،‏ <strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>رش<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>هرة،‏ مصر.‏<strong>ا</strong>ٓ<strong>ل</strong> مطر،‏ ف<strong>ا</strong>یز.‏ (2001): <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة نم<strong>ا</strong>ئية مق<strong>ا</strong>رنة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔبع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>كيفي <strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى عينة من <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مع<strong>و</strong>قينعق<strong>ل</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong> في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مم<strong>ل</strong>كة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عربية <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سع<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong>ية،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>معة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔر<strong>د</strong>نية،‏ عم<strong>ا</strong>ن.‏ ‏(رس<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>د</strong>آ<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>ه غير منش<strong>و</strong>رةمعم<strong>و</strong>ر ، عب<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>من<strong>ا</strong>ف م<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>.‏ (1997). ‏"ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ية برن<strong>ا</strong>مج س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>آي <strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong>ریبي في <strong>ت</strong>خفيف <strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ة <strong>أ</strong>عر<strong>ا</strong>ض <strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين"،‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ٔ<strong>ت</strong>مر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ي <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong>بع <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕرش<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسي ‏،<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مج<strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong> ‏،<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong>هرة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نج<strong>ا</strong>ر،‏ <strong>أ</strong><strong>ح</strong>م<strong>د</strong> س<strong>ل</strong>يم.‏ (2005): <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضطر<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ك،‏ ط‎1‎‏،‏ <strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>أ</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>مة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>نشر <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>زیع،‏ عم<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔر<strong>د</strong>ن.‏نصر،‏ سهى <strong>أ</strong><strong>ح</strong>م<strong>د</strong> <strong>أ</strong>مين.‏ ‏(‏‎2002‎‏):<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>غ<strong>و</strong>ي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>طف<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>ي،‏ <strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فكر <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>طب<strong>ا</strong>عة <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نشر،‏ عم<strong>ا</strong>ن،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔر<strong>د</strong>ن.‏...((3) ص ص -50 .92.(. (.(4-2) <strong>د</strong>یسمبر،‏ .458-427..:(2005)..(1999).PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issueنمر،‏ إی<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> ن<strong>ا</strong>یف.‏ (2005). ف<strong>ا</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ية <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>م مشر<strong>و</strong>ع م<strong>ا</strong>آ<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ن في <strong>ت</strong>ط<strong>و</strong>ير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مفر<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>غ<strong>و</strong>ية ‏(<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مر<strong>ح</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ى (<strong>أ</strong>طف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong> في م<strong>د</strong>ينة عم<strong>ا</strong>ن،‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>معة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔر<strong>د</strong>نية،‏ عم<strong>ا</strong>ن.‏ ‏(رس<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة م<strong>ا</strong>جس<strong>ت</strong>ير غير منش<strong>و</strong>رة<strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>ى عينة منReferences :.(Aarons, M & Gittents, T .(2005):The Handbook of Autism. 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NewYork, BostonSiegel, B .(1996): The Autistic Children Understanding & Treating Autistic SpectrumDisorders, Oxford University Press, U.S.A.Williams, D.(1999): Nobody Now here, London:Trans world Publishers Ltd.م<strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>ق (1)<strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>نة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين<strong>ح</strong>ضرة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>ص/ة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>كريم/ةیق<strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن ب<strong>ا</strong>ٕجر<strong>ا</strong>ء <strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة بعن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>ن ‏((<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهةنظر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مخ<strong>ت</strong>صين <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>مه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين).‏<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>قيق <strong>أ</strong>ه<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ف هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة یضع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن بين ی<strong>د</strong>یك <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>نه <strong>ل</strong>جمع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>زمة <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong><strong>د</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong></strong>سة <strong>ل</strong>ذ<strong>ا</strong> یرج<strong>و</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث من<strong>ح</strong>ضر<strong>ت</strong>ك <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>كرم ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ط<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ع ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>نة،‏ <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong>ر مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ت</strong>ك ع<strong>ل</strong>ى آ<strong>ل</strong> منه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>و</strong>فق<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> ینسجم مع <strong>و</strong>جهة نظرك.‏ ر<strong>ا</strong>جي<strong>ا</strong>ً‏<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>كرم ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕج<strong>ا</strong>بة عن جميع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>فقر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ثن<strong>ا</strong>ء بك<strong>ل</strong> صر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ة <strong>و</strong>ص<strong>د</strong>ق <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>نة<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ج<strong>د</strong> فقر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> خ<strong>ا</strong>طئة <strong>و</strong><strong>أ</strong>خرى ص<strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ح</strong>ة،‏ ع<strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ا</strong> ب<strong>ا</strong>ٔن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٕج<strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> س<strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong> بسریة <strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>مة ، <strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ن <strong>ت</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong>م إ<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔغر<strong>ا</strong>ض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ح</strong>ث <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>ميفقطش<strong>ا</strong>آر<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ <strong>ل</strong>كَ‏ <strong>ح</strong>سن <strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>و</strong>نك<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>د</strong>.‏ سهير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>صب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>أ</strong>.عب<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه ه<strong>ا</strong>شم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>طيطي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>قسم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بي<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية:.::.28PDF Created with deskPDF PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com


مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issue:(X):في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مك<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>من<strong>ا</strong>سب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>رج<strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>و</strong>ضع إش<strong>ا</strong>رة <strong>أ</strong>نثىذآر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>جنسخ<strong>د</strong>مة <strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>جيه <strong>و</strong>إرش<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ربية خ<strong>ا</strong>صة ن<strong>و</strong>ع <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>خصص : م<strong>ا</strong>جس<strong>ت</strong>يربك<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>ری<strong>و</strong>س فم<strong>ا</strong> <strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>و</strong>ٔه<strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>مي : <strong>أ</strong>آثر من ‎10‎سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>10-5 سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong> من 5 سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> سن<strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>خبرة : <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>نه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عيةم<strong>ل</strong><strong>ح</strong>ق(‏‎2‎‏)‏ع<strong>ل</strong>م نفس<strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>يين<strong>ح</strong>ضرة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>كريمة:‏<strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>د</strong>ف هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>نة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>عرف ع<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>نفسية <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>عية <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔطف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>د</strong>یين في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ح</strong><strong>ا</strong>فظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>شم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية من <strong>و</strong>جهة نظر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔمه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>،‏ <strong>ل</strong>ذ<strong>ا</strong> یرجى <strong>ت</strong>عبئة هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>نة آم<strong>ا</strong> ه<strong>و</strong> م<strong>و</strong>ض<strong>ح</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ا</strong>ً‏ ب<strong>ا</strong>ٔن ن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج هذه <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ة س<strong>ت</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong>م <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔغر<strong>ا</strong>ض <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ح</strong>ث <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>مي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>قسم <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>بي<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔ<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ية<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>رج<strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>و</strong>ضع إش<strong>ا</strong>رة في <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مك<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>من<strong>ا</strong>سبغير ع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong>ةع<strong>ا</strong>م<strong>ل</strong>ة<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عم<strong>ل</strong>.::(X):مك<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سكن :م<strong>د</strong>ینةقریةمخيم<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>مس<strong>ت</strong><strong>و</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ل</strong>مي <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم :<strong>أ</strong>مي <strong>ا</strong>ب<strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئي ث<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>و</strong>ي ج<strong>ا</strong>معي40عمر <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔم :<strong>أ</strong>ق<strong>ل</strong> من 20 سنة من سن 20- ‎30‎سنة من سن 30- 40 سنةسنة ف<strong>ا</strong>ٔآثر:<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>ن <strong>د</strong>.‏ سهير <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>صب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ح</strong><strong>أ</strong>.عب<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه ه<strong>ا</strong>شم 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مج<strong>ل</strong>ة ع<strong>ل</strong><strong>و</strong>م <strong>ا</strong>نس<strong>ا</strong>نية WWW.ULUM.NL <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>سنة <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>س<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>سة:‏ <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> :38 صيف - 2008 36 Summer 8th Year: Issueیمي<strong>ل</strong> بش<strong>د</strong>ة إ<strong>ل</strong>ى <strong>ل</strong>مس <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔشي<strong>ا</strong>ء .<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یس<strong>ت</strong>طيع <strong>ت</strong>ك<strong>و</strong>ین ص<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> بسه<strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ة<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> ینطق <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>جم<strong>ل</strong> <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>عب<strong>ا</strong>ر<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> بص<strong>و</strong>رة ص<strong>ح</strong>ي<strong>ح</strong>ةیشغ<strong>ل</strong> نفسه في <strong>ت</strong>ر<strong>ت</strong>يب <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔشي<strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه.‏<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یب<strong>د</strong><strong>و</strong> ع<strong>ل</strong>يه ضيق عن<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong>نفص<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه عن <strong>و</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>د</strong>یهغ<strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> ین<strong>ت</strong>به <strong>ل</strong><strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔشي<strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>ا</strong><strong>ل</strong>م<strong>ت</strong><strong>ح</strong>رآة من <strong>ح</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>ل</strong>ه<strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong> یس<strong>ت</strong>جيب <strong>ل</strong><strong>ا</strong>سمه إذ<strong>ا</strong> ن<strong>و</strong><strong>د</strong>ي بين <strong>ا</strong>سمي شخصين <strong>ا</strong>ٓخرین

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