HISTORIOGRAPHY IN THE MIDDLE AGES - Julian Emperor

HIGH AND LATE MEDIEVAL NATIONAL HISTORIOGRAPHY 213tradition stands the Kronica von der loblichen Eydtgenoschaft of PetermannEtterlin, 119 printed in Basel in 1507, after which followed not muchlater the Chronik von den Helvetiern of Heinrich Brennwald (1478–1551)out of Zurich. 120Finally, the humanist and Augustine canon Cornelius Aurelius(actually Cornelius of Gouda, ca. 1460–1531), wrote the Chronycke vanHollandt, Zeelandt ende Vrieslant in 1510/16, which later became theso-called Divisiekroniek due to its division into thirty-two sections(divisies). 121 It is a regional history of Holland, placed into a universalhistoricalframework, which—again against the background of thereception of Tacitus and in contrast to older Dutch historical thought—made the people rather than the dynasty the object of reference, byemphasizing that the Batavians, allied with the Romans, were thepredecessors of the Dutch people.In the regions of western Europe, the influence of humanism andthe increasing internationalization of cultural relations since the middleof the fifteenth century had the effect that, after the vernacularlanguage had found historiographic usage since the last quarter ofthe thirteenth century, one observes a return to the use of Latin.Alfonso García de Cartagena (1385/86–1456), bishop of Burgos andleader of the Castilian delegation at the council of Basel, was thefirst to practice this. In his Anacephaloeosis of 1456, 122 a draft for alarger historical work that was not carried out, he developed a conceptionof Castilian-Gothic history with the goal of proving that theCastilian monarchy had a longer history than did other Europeannations. More successful in this respect was the work of his studentand collaborator, Rodrigo Sánchez de Arévalo (1404–70), who hadlived since 1460 at the papal court and there wrote the CompendiosaHistoria Hispanica. 123 He linked up directly with Jiménez de Rada andcontinued the depiction in a fourth book up through Henry IV.119Petermann Etterlin, Kronica von der loblichen Eydtgenoschaft, jr harkommen und sustseltzam strittenn und geschichten, ed. E. Gruber, Quellenwerk zur Entstehung derSchweizerischen Eidgenossenschaft III, 3 (Aarau, 1965).120Heinrich Brennwalds Schweizerchronik, ed. R. Luginbühl, 2 vols., QQ zur SchweizerGesch. I,2 (Basel, 1908, 1910).121See Tilmans (1989) and (1992).122The Regum Hispanorum, Romanorum Imperatorum, summorum Pontificum, necnon RegumFrancorum anacephalæosis also is printed as Hispaniæ illustratæ ...scriptores varii, vol. 1(Frankfurt, 1603), 246–91. See also Tate (1960); Catalán (1982), 39–42.123Repr. in Hisp. illustr. SS, vol. 1, 121–246. See also Tate (1960); Catalán (1982),42–48.