HISTORIOGRAPHY IN THE MIDDLE AGES - Julian Emperor
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HISTORIOGRAPHY IN THE MIDDLE AGES - Julian Emperor

HISTORIOGRAPHY IN THE MIDDLE AGES - Julian Emperor HISTORIOGRAPHY IN THE MIDDLE AGES - Julian Emperor

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HIGH AND LATE MEDIEVAL NATIONAL HISTORIOGRAPHY 201his genealogical relation to his great-grandfather, the Hungarian kingStephen V (1270–72). Building on the existing edition of the nationalchronicle, Henry of Mügeln, a poet with close ties to the courts inPrague, Vienna, and Visegrád, wrote two textual adaptations. Basedon the manuscript of the Ofen chronicle, he wrote a Middle HighGerman version in prose in 1358/61, which is dedicated to RudolfIV of Austria. 76 One begun thereafter, probably 1360/62, a Latinrhymed chronicle dedicated to Louis I of Hungary, breaks off in itsaccounting at 1071/72 in the only existing manuscript. 77In Spain, the national historical draft dating back to Alfonso Xremained the point of departure for further historiography. Second(Segunda Crónica General) 78 and third (Tercera Crónica General) 79 versionswere completed in 1344 and around 1390. A new development ofthis period can be found in the all-Spanish historical drafts fromnon-Castilian perspective. The most important text is an anonymouschronicle, which has been designated since the sixteenth century asa chronicle from San Juan de la Peña, although in actuality it stemsfrom the close circle of the most significant ruler of late medievalAragón, Pedro IV (“el Ceremoniós”) (1336–87), to whom a significancecomparable to that of Alfonso X for Castile is attributable based onhis historiographic initiatives for Aragón. The original Latin versionof the chronicle, completed around 1369/72, is not preserved; ashorter version in Catalan has been handed down as well as a longerversion in a Catalan, 80 an Aragonian, 81 and a Latin 82 version, whichmay be regarded as a retranslation from the Catalan. The chronicleis divided into thirty-nine chapters and treats in four separatedepictions first the legendary early history and the Visigothic period76Chronicon Henrici de Mügeln germanice conscriptum, ed. E. Travnik, in Scriptores (asn. 56), vol. 2 (Budapest, 1938), 87–223. See also Hennig (1972), esp. 168–94.77Chronicon rhythmicum Henrici de Mügeln, ed. A. Domanovszky, in Scriptores (asn. 56) vol. 2 (Budapest, 1938), 225–72.78Edición crítica del texto español de la Cronica de 1344 que ordenó el Conde de BarcelosDon Pedro Alfonso, ed. D. Catalán, Fuentes cronísticas de la hist. de España 2 (Madrid,1970).79See Catalán (1962), 188–193.80Crònica general de Pere III el Ceremonios dita comunament Crònica de Sant Joan de laPenya. Primera edició del seu text catalá, ed. A.-J. Soberanas Lleó (Barcelona, 1961).81Crónica de San Juan de la Peña (Versión aragonesa). Edición crítica, ed. C. OrcásteguiGros (Madrid, 1986).82Crónica de San Juan de la Peña. Versión latina, ed. A. Ubieto Arteta, TextosMedievales 4 (Valencia, 1961).

202 NORBERT KERSKENto the invasion of the Arabs, then the history of the kings of Navarreand their dependents the counts of Aragón beginning in the middleof the ninth century, while the main section of the chronicle isdevoted to the history of the crown of Aragón from Ramon BerengarIV (1131–62) to Alfonso IV (1327–36), the father and predecessorof Pedro IV. The work is in the end a history of the crown ofAragón, which nonetheless attests no autochthonous formation of traditionbut, rather, builds upon a common Spanish point of departure,similar to Castilian historical thought. In the last years of thefourteenth century the Augustine hermit García Eugui, 83 bishop ofBayonne and confessor to Charles II of Navarre (1349–87) and thereafterto his son Charles III (1387–1425), wrote the first ‘Spanish’history from a Navarrese perspective. This Chronica de los fechos subcedidosen Espana desde su primeros señores hasta el rey Alfonso XI, whichends with death of Charles II, begins with a universal history, butfor the Spanish history leans heavily on the Estoria de Espanna. Afterthe end of the latter’s accounting, the contemporary account isreduced to a short chronicle of events.English historiography of the fourteenth century 84 reveals twosignificant conceptual expressions: first, the Brut-chronicles, portraitsof English history beginning with the Trojan origins of English historyand the eponym Brutus—first in Anglo-Norman, then in MiddleEnglish—and, second, the embedding of English history in universalhistorical contexts, mostly in Latin. At the beginning of the socalledBrut-chronicles stands a complex of three relatively independenttexts, characterized as a short Anglo-Norman prose chronicle andnamed Brutus, Li Rei de Engleterre, and Le Livere de Reis de Engleterre, 85which are documented in four different, handwritten configurationsof records. The time period covered ends in 1270/72, in continuationsin 1306 and 1326. In textual and temporal relation to the Reide Engleterre stands the so-called anonymous English rhymed chroniclefrom the early fourteenth century, 86 whose depiction reaches fromthe immigration of Brutus to the death of Edward I and the ascen-83The chronicle has not yet been edited; see Honoré-Duvergé (1942).84See Taylor (1987).85Foltys (1962). See also Tyson (1975).86An Anonymous Short English Metrical Chronicle, ed. E. Zettl, Early English TextSociety. Original Series 196 (London, 1935).

HIGH AND LATE MEDIEVAL NATIONAL <strong>HISTORIOGRAPHY</strong> 201his genealogical relation to his great-grandfather, the Hungarian kingStephen V (1270–72). Building on the existing edition of the nationalchronicle, Henry of Mügeln, a poet with close ties to the courts inPrague, Vienna, and Visegrád, wrote two textual adaptations. Basedon the manuscript of the Ofen chronicle, he wrote a Middle HighGerman version in prose in 1358/61, which is dedicated to RudolfIV of Austria. 76 One begun thereafter, probably 1360/62, a Latinrhymed chronicle dedicated to Louis I of Hungary, breaks off in itsaccounting at 1071/72 in the only existing manuscript. 77In Spain, the national historical draft dating back to Alfonso Xremained the point of departure for further historiography. Second(Segunda Crónica General) 78 and third (Tercera Crónica General) 79 versionswere completed in 1344 and around 1390. A new development ofthis period can be found in the all-Spanish historical drafts fromnon-Castilian perspective. The most important text is an anonymouschronicle, which has been designated since the sixteenth century asa chronicle from San Juan de la Peña, although in actuality it stemsfrom the close circle of the most significant ruler of late medievalAragón, Pedro IV (“el Ceremoniós”) (1336–87), to whom a significancecomparable to that of Alfonso X for Castile is attributable based onhis historiographic initiatives for Aragón. The original Latin versionof the chronicle, completed around 1369/72, is not preserved; ashorter version in Catalan has been handed down as well as a longerversion in a Catalan, 80 an Aragonian, 81 and a Latin 82 version, whichmay be regarded as a retranslation from the Catalan. The chronicleis divided into thirty-nine chapters and treats in four separatedepictions first the legendary early history and the Visigothic period76Chronicon Henrici de Mügeln germanice conscriptum, ed. E. Travnik, in Scriptores (asn. 56), vol. 2 (Budapest, 1938), 87–223. See also Hennig (1972), esp. 168–94.77Chronicon rhythmicum Henrici de Mügeln, ed. A. Domanovszky, in Scriptores (asn. 56) vol. 2 (Budapest, 1938), 225–72.78Edición crítica del texto español de la Cronica de 1344 que ordenó el Conde de BarcelosDon Pedro Alfonso, ed. D. Catalán, Fuentes cronísticas de la hist. de España 2 (Madrid,1970).79See Catalán (1962), 188–193.80Crònica general de Pere III el Ceremonios dita comunament Crònica de Sant Joan de laPenya. Primera edició del seu text catalá, ed. A.-J. Soberanas Lleó (Barcelona, 1961).81Crónica de San Juan de la Peña (Versión aragonesa). Edición crítica, ed. C. OrcásteguiGros (Madrid, 1986).82Crónica de San Juan de la Peña. Versión latina, ed. A. Ubieto Arteta, TextosMedievales 4 (Valencia, 1961).

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