Gladstone Fish Health Investigation 2011 - 2012 - Western Basin ...
Gladstone Fish Health Investigation 2011 - 2012 - Western Basin ... Gladstone Fish Health Investigation 2011 - 2012 - Western Basin ...
Contaminants in Tissue of o Fish and Crabs Collectedin the Gladstone Area6.4. SummaryArsenic, cadmium, iron and zinc were identified as being sometimes significantly elevated in thebarramundi livers collected at Gladstone sites compared to references sites. A comparison withdata retrieved from the Environmental Residue and Effects Database(http://el.erdc.usace.army.mil/ered/) revealed that:• Thevast majority of samples had arsenic, cadmium and zinc concentrations which werebelow the concentrationsassociatedd with toxicological effects.• This combinedwith the lack of statistical significance between fish disease and metalconcentrationindicated that it is unlikely that metals and metalloids are associated with fishdisease in Gladstone Harbour.Comparison with immunosuppression data indicated that it is unlikely that cadmium or zinc wererelated to fish diseasee in Gladstone Harbourr (DISITIA in prep). No data were available for arsenicand iron.Page 29
Department of Science, Information Technology, Innovation and the Arts7. ConclusionsThere was no indication of elevated metals and metalloids in the tissues of diseased barramundicompared to healthy barramundi collected in the Gladstone area. Significantly higher arsenic,cadmium, iron and zinc concentrations were found in barramundi livers from at least one samplingtrip in the Gladstone area, indicating possible elevated exposure to these metals and metalloids.The measurement of elevated concentrations of these metals and metalloids does not necessarilyindicate a toxicological problem, but does indicate exposure. Comparison of concentrations ofthese metals and metalloids in barramundi livers with toxicological effects data did not, overall,indicate that the concentrations in the barramundi liver were of concern. In addition, as there wereno significant associations between these metals and metalloids and fish health, it is unlikely thatthey are associated with the fish health in Gladstone Harbour.Analysis of crabs from both Gladstone Harbour and reference sites found a significant associationof aluminium and selenium concentrations and disease. Concentrations of metals and metalloids inmud crab hepatopancreas detected in the Gladstone area were similar to sites along the eastcoast of Queensland. The available data also indicated that the suite of organic chemicals testedfor did not contribute to the crab disease.All grinner were assessed as being healthy so the existence relationships between metalconcentrations and observed fish health could not be assessed for this species.Overall, there is no strong evidence of a link between fish health at the time of sampling and tissueresidue concentrations.Page 30
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Department of Science, Information Technology, Innovation and the Arts7. ConclusionsThere was no indication of elevated metals and metalloids in the tissues of diseased barramundicompared to healthy barramundi collected in the <strong>Gladstone</strong> area. Significantly higher arsenic,cadmium, iron and zinc concentrations were found in barramundi livers from at least one samplingtrip in the <strong>Gladstone</strong> area, indicating possible elevated exposure to these metals and metalloids.The measurement of elevated concentrations of these metals and metalloids does not necessarilyindicate a toxicological problem, but does indicate exposure. Comparison of concentrations ofthese metals and metalloids in barramundi livers with toxicological effects data did not, overall,indicate that the concentrations in the barramundi liver were of concern. In addition, as there wereno significant associations between these metals and metalloids and fish health, it is unlikely thatthey are associated with the fish health in <strong>Gladstone</strong> Harbour.Analysis of crabs from both <strong>Gladstone</strong> Harbour and reference sites found a significant associationof aluminium and selenium concentrations and disease. Concentrations of metals and metalloids inmud crab hepatopancreas detected in the <strong>Gladstone</strong> area were similar to sites along the eastcoast of Queensland. The available data also indicated that the suite of organic chemicals testedfor did not contribute to the crab disease.All grinner were assessed as being healthy so the existence relationships between metalconcentrations and observed fish health could not be assessed for this species.Overall, there is no strong evidence of a link between fish health at the time of sampling and tissueresidue concentrations.Page 30
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