Gladstone Fish Health Investigation 2011 - 2012 - Western Basin ...

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Contaminants in Tissue of Fish and Crabs Collected in the Gladstone AreaNOED values for growth ranged from 2.5x10 -5 to 3.8 mg/kg (US Army Corp Engineers & USEPA,2011). The lowest concentrations reported for mortality were 1.37 x10 -4 mg/kg in juvenile brooktrout (Salvelinus fontinalis) a freshwater species (Hamilton, Mehrle and Jones 1987). That studyreported particularly low concentrations of cadmium in liver associated with mortality, whereas allother studies reported concentrations of cadmium in the liver where effects were measured at0.175 mg/kg wet weight or higher, higher than that found in the Gladstone Harbour residue study.Overall, the concentrations of cadmium measured during the 2012 study indicate that it is possiblethat the cadmium measured in the barramundi tissue could be having an effect. However, themajority of effects retrieved from ERED were much higher than the concentrations detected in thebarramundi collected from the Gladstone area, and therefore it was unlikely that the measuredconcentrations of cadmium in Gladstone Harbour were related to immune-suppression. Analysis ofthe cadmium concentrations in healthy and diseased fish indicated no significant associationbetween fish illness and cadmium concentrations in the liver.Table 13 – Summary of effects concentrations associated with cadmium concentrations in fish liverreported in the Environmental Residue and Effects Database (mg/kg wet weight).Effect classToxicitymeasureRange ofconcentrationswet weight(mg/kg) fromEREDRange ofconcentrationswet weight(mg/kg) atGladstone sitesRange ofconcentrationswet weight(mg/kg) atReference sitesGrowth NOED 2.5x10 -5 - 3.8 0.01 - 0.1
Department of Science, Information Technology, Innovation and the Artsliver concentration of 34.44 mg/kg in yellow perch (Perca flavescens) (i.e. the ED4 is the dose thatexerts a 4% reduction in growth). Thus it is possible for such a minor effect (4% reduction ingrowth) to occur in both Gladstone and the reference sites. The next lowest was a growth ED26(the dose that exerts a 26% reduction in growth) at 34.44 mg/kg in the liver tissue of yellow perch,which is the higher end of the concentration of zinc measured in the livers of barramundi. Only 3samples of 45 barramundi samples collected had zinc levels higher than 34.44 mg/kg wet weight,two of these were from Hamilton Point in the Gladstone Area and one from a reference site.Zinc concentrations measured during the Gladstone Integrated Aquatic Investigation Programwere, on occasion, higher than the concentrations observed to cause chemical inducedimmunosuppression effects in the most sensitive species. However, the low frequency and limitedspatial distribution of the measured zinc concentrations are not consistent with zinc causing sucheffects (see DSITIA in prep).Table 14 – Summary of effects concentrations associated with zinc concentrations in fish liverreported in the Environmental Residue and Effects Database (mg/kg wet weight).SpeciescommonnameSpecies scientificnameConcentrationwet weight(mg/kg)Effect class ToxicitymeasureExposurerouteBrook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis 68 Growth NOED WaterBrook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis 60 Growth NOED AbsorptionYellowPerchYellowPerchBluegillPerca flavescens 34.44 Growth ED4 NotStatedPerca flavescens 34.44 Growth ED26 NotStatedLepomismacrochirus207 Growth ED89 NotdefinedBrook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis 68 Reproduction NOED WaterBrook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis 60 Reproduction NOED AbsorptionBrook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis 60 Mortality NOED AbsorptionThreespinedSticklebackGasterosteusaculeatus4.05 Mortality NOED WaterGoldfish Carassius auratus 3.36 Mortality NOED WaterGoldfish Carassius auratus 10.51 Mortality NOED WaterGoldfish Carassius auratus 5.34 Mortality NOED WaterGoldfish Carassius auratus 15.06 Mortality NOED WaterGoldfish Carassius auratus 10.69 Mortality NOED WaterGoldfish Carassius auratus 21.49 Mortality NOED WaterTrout -BrookSalvelinus fontinalis 68 Survival NOED WaterPage 28
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Department of Agriculture, Fisherie
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ContentsTable of tables 1Table of f
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Mullet (Mugilidae) 80Banana prawn (
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Figure 7. Barramundi caught in the
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Figure 38. Sharks caught in the Cal
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Phase 1 (August 2011-February 2012)
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The results in this study support t
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ecognised expertise and research pu
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Mr Mitchell reported high catches u
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Figure 2. Sampling sites within the
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Phase 2: Expanded Gladstone Fish He
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Mud crab (Scylla serrata): Mud crab
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For mud crabs, hepatopancreas, gill
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Table 2. The number of fish, crusta
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Significant findings and discussion
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Commercial barramundi catch and cat
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Figure 6. Eye condition observed in
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Conditions observed in barramundi s
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Figure 12. A barramundi caught in t
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provided another environmental stre
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was somewhat reduced because post-m
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4,000Commercial effort (days fished
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Size structure of mud crabs observe
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Figure 21. Examples of shell abnorm
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Of the 58 crabs observed to have sh
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HistopathologyLipid storage vacuola
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Commercial fishing effort for mulle
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Figure 28. (a) Mullet caught in Rod
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June/July: Mullet samples were coll
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Sharks and raysThe monitoring progr
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Observational findings Phase 1Phase
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Encysted larval parasites were foun
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in particular bull sharks, have bee
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Commercial banana prawn catch for t
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Observational findings Phase 2April
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Laboratory testing Phase 1Seven riv
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four displayed signs of redness. Th
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Conditions observed in pelagic fish
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FinfishObservational findingsDuring
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ConclusionsIn 2011, a wide range of
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Mud crabsFisheries Queensland did n
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Owens, L. 1983. Bopyrid isopod Epip
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Candidate speciesThe monitoring pro
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Table 1: Candidate species for each
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Sample processingSample processing
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Herring/grinner/Australian threadfi
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For example: the third specimen, re
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oooGonad - present/absentHepatopanc
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Cloudy eye,swollen,redness orhemorr
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Red pin pointmarks - nogeneral redn
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Lesion photos Description GradeThis
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L4continuedoperculumgrazing;cuts or
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Appendix A-3: Fish health assessmen
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Appendix B - Statistical report: Gl
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analyses, but this was not done for
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was a significant (P < 0.05) locati
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Percentage with fin condition > 015
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Table 3.6b. Effects of locations an
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Table 3.7d. Spleen categories - cou
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32Bundy2Bundy1UpBoyne1UpBoyne2LwBoy
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Table 3.9c. Regional group means an
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Table 4.2c. Effects of locations an
Page 125 and 126: 4.5 Summarising by regionsThe means
Page 127 and 128: Ta ble 5.2a. Effects of locations a
Page 129 and 130: 5.5 Summarising by regionsThe means
Page 131 and 132: 6.3 ResultsThere was no significant
Page 133 and 134: Table 6.5 lists the mean values whe
Page 135 and 136: Standardized residualsStandardized
Page 137 and 138: Table 2.3f. Muscle lesions.Lake Fit
Page 139 and 140: Table 4. 1f. Muscle lesions.Fitzroy
Page 141 and 142: Table 5.6. Regiona l m eans for the
Page 143 and 144: Contaminants in Tissue ofFish and C
Page 145 and 146: Contaminants in Tissue of Fish and
Page 151 and 152: Department of Science, Information
Page 175: Department of Science, Information
Page 203 and 204: Appendix E - Time line BarraBy John
Page 205 and 206: friends. Rapidly rising flood water
Page 207 and 208: To make note - condition loss was e
Page 209 and 210: May/June- FinsMy initial observatio
Page 211 and 212: Thes e escapee were now also in awo
Page 213 and 214: Figure N. Barramundi showing net ma
Page 215 and 216: September- Deaths and SicknessFigur
Page 217 and 218: There is numerous distinguishing fe
Page 219: Department of Agriculture, Fisherie
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Gladstone Fish Health Investigation 2011 - 2012 - Western Basin ...

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