Gladstone Fish Health Investigation 2011 - 2012 - Western Basin ...

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Contaminants in Tissue of o Fish and Crabs Collectedin the Gladstone Area3. Methods3.1.Sample CollectionSamples were collected using methods outlined in DAFF (2012). Although A many specimens werecollected at each site,only five from each sampling round were sent for tissuee residue analysis(Table 2). Apart from Awoonga Dam where sampling only occurred once, andd Bundaberg whereno grinner were caught in Trip 1, 10 samples were submitted from each site (over the two trips).Fish and crabs were classed as healthy or diseased based on externally visible criteria.Fish/sharks were selected as unhealthy based on the presence of:• lesions andskin discoloration;• eye lesions;• Swelling orunusual mass on the abdomen;• Signs of emaciation (i.e. large head, thin body, poor body condition);• Haemorrhage from gills or vent.Crabs weree selected as unhealthy based onn the presence of:••••Rust spots;Shell erosion;Foulingof the shell;Lost appendages.Diseased fish were deliberately selected for, to be roughly 50 per cent of the sample populationwhere possible. This bias was addressed in the statistical analysiss (Appendices A and B).Table 2 – Number of samples fromeach site used for tissue residuee analysisSiteSpeciescollected per tripMud CrabBarramundiGrinnerTrip 1 Tripp 2Trip 1Trip T 2Trip 1Trip 2AwoongaDamUpper Boyne River1Port Development5Area 1HamiltonPoint 1The Narrows 15Gladstone Trawl 1Fitzroy River 25Bundaberg 25555555555555555555Note: 1 Denotes Gladstone sites, 2 denotes reference sites.Page 5
Department of Science, Information Technology, Innovation and the Arts3.2.Sample PreparationFish and crab specimens were taken to a laboratory in Gladstone and dissected as soonaspossible. Scalpel blades or knives were used for dissection and were cleanedd using soapy water,then wipedwith 100%ethanol onpaper towels between specimens. Sampless were frozenimmediately after dissection, andwere stored until theywere sent for analysiss at QueenslandHealth Forensic and Scientific Services (when all sampling was completed). Subsampless weresent to theQueensland Government Science Delivery Chemistry Centre C for dry weight analysis.3.3.LaboratoryAnalysis.Analysis for 13 metalsand metalloids (Tablee 3) was undertaken onn mud crab b hepatopancreas,barramundi gills and liver, and grinner muscle. The samples were macerated and sub-sampleswere takenfor analysis. The concentrationsof metals and metalloids were analysed by ICP-MS Iafter microwave digestion. The limit of reporting for each metal andd metalloid is presented in Table3.A suite of 17 polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 57 pesticides, 8 miscellaneouss organicchemicals (including synthetic fragrances) and 32 polychlorinatedbiphenyls (PCBs) were analysedin mud crab hepatopancreas. Organic chemicals were extracted by macerating the tissuein acetone and hexane, followed by Gel Permeation Chromatography to remove interferences.This was followed by a Florisil Macro Column Clean-up. Extracts were then concentrated byevaporation under vacuum and nitrogen andd analysis was undertaken using Gas ChromatographyMass Spectrometry.Dry weights were obtained by drying the tissue sample to a constant weight at 105°C, according tothe drying procedure outlined in ASTM method D4638-03 (ASTM International 2010) for moisturecontent.Table 3 – The limit of reporting for each metal and metalloid (on a wet w weight basis).Limit of reportingMetal(mg/kg)Aluminiumm
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Department of Agriculture, Fisherie
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ContentsTable of tables 1Table of f
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Mullet (Mugilidae) 80Banana prawn (
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Figure 7. Barramundi caught in the
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Figure 38. Sharks caught in the Cal
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Phase 1 (August 2011-February 2012)
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The results in this study support t
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ecognised expertise and research pu
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Mr Mitchell reported high catches u
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Figure 2. Sampling sites within the
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Phase 2: Expanded Gladstone Fish He
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Mud crab (Scylla serrata): Mud crab
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For mud crabs, hepatopancreas, gill
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Table 2. The number of fish, crusta
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Significant findings and discussion
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Commercial barramundi catch and cat
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Figure 6. Eye condition observed in
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Conditions observed in barramundi s
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Figure 12. A barramundi caught in t
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provided another environmental stre
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was somewhat reduced because post-m
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4,000Commercial effort (days fished
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Size structure of mud crabs observe
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Figure 21. Examples of shell abnorm
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Of the 58 crabs observed to have sh
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HistopathologyLipid storage vacuola
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Commercial fishing effort for mulle
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Figure 28. (a) Mullet caught in Rod
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June/July: Mullet samples were coll
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Sharks and raysThe monitoring progr
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Observational findings Phase 1Phase
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Encysted larval parasites were foun
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in particular bull sharks, have bee
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Commercial banana prawn catch for t
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Observational findings Phase 2April
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Laboratory testing Phase 1Seven riv
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four displayed signs of redness. Th
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Conditions observed in pelagic fish
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FinfishObservational findingsDuring
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ConclusionsIn 2011, a wide range of
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Mud crabsFisheries Queensland did n
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Owens, L. 1983. Bopyrid isopod Epip
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Candidate speciesThe monitoring pro
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Table 1: Candidate species for each
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Sample processingSample processing
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Herring/grinner/Australian threadfi
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For example: the third specimen, re
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oooGonad - present/absentHepatopanc
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Cloudy eye,swollen,redness orhemorr
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Red pin pointmarks - nogeneral redn
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Lesion photos Description GradeThis
Page 103 and 104: L4continuedoperculumgrazing;cuts or
Page 105 and 106: Appendix A-3: Fish health assessmen
Page 107 and 108: Appendix B - Statistical report: Gl
Page 109 and 110: analyses, but this was not done for
Page 111 and 112: was a significant (P < 0.05) locati
Page 113 and 114: Percentage with fin condition > 015
Page 115 and 116: Table 3.6b. Effects of locations an
Page 117 and 118: Table 3.7d. Spleen categories - cou
Page 119 and 120: 32Bundy2Bundy1UpBoyne1UpBoyne2LwBoy
Page 121 and 122: Table 3.9c. Regional group means an
Page 123 and 124: Table 4.2c. Effects of locations an
Page 125 and 126: 4.5 Summarising by regionsThe means
Page 127 and 128: Ta ble 5.2a. Effects of locations a
Page 129 and 130: 5.5 Summarising by regionsThe means
Page 131 and 132: 6.3 ResultsThere was no significant
Page 133 and 134: Table 6.5 lists the mean values whe
Page 135 and 136: Standardized residualsStandardized
Page 137 and 138: Table 2.3f. Muscle lesions.Lake Fit
Page 139 and 140: Table 4. 1f. Muscle lesions.Fitzroy
Page 141 and 142: Table 5.6. Regiona l m eans for the
Page 143 and 144: Contaminants in Tissue ofFish and C
Page 145 and 146: Contaminants in Tissue of Fish and
Page 151 and 152: Department of Science, Information
Page 153: Department of Science, Information
Page 203 and 204: Appendix E - Time line BarraBy John
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friends. Rapidly rising flood water
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To make note - condition loss was e
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May/June- FinsMy initial observatio
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Thes e escapee were now also in awo
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Figure N. Barramundi showing net ma
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September- Deaths and SicknessFigur
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There is numerous distinguishing fe
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Department of Agriculture, Fisherie
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